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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5778 COCA: 6708

stain

Word family 
Related topics: Crafts
stain1 /steɪn/ ●○○ verb  
1  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]MARK to accidentally make a mark on something, especially one that cannot be removed, or to be marked in this way 〔意外地〕（被）染污，（被）弄污
 Be careful you don’t stain the carpet.
当心别把地毯弄脏了。
 This tablecloth stains very easily.
这块桌布很容易脏。
 Her fingers were stained yellow from years of smoking.
她的手指因长年吸烟被熏黄了。
stain with
 a cowboy hat stained with dust and sweat
沾满尘土和汗渍的牛仔帽
2  [transitiveT]TIC to change the colour of something, especially something made of wood, by using a special liquid 给〔某物，尤指木制品〕染色[着色] → dye
 We’ve decided to stain the shelves blue.
我们决定把架子涂成蓝色。
3. stain somebody’s name/honour/reputation etc literaryREPUTATION to damage the good opinion that people have about someone 玷污某人的名声/名誉等
Examples from the Corpus
stain• She hoped the blood from the cut on her arm would not stain her blouse.• Sweat stained his dusty cowboy hat.• A sudden gust of rain dashed against the red bricks that were already stained in patches by water.• The blackberry juice had stained their clothes and fingers.• Her fingers were stained with dirt, her nail varnish chipped.
stain with• The collar of his jacket was stained with something yellow.
Related topics: Crafts
stain2 ●○○ noun  
1  [countableC]MARK a mark that is difficult to remove, especially one made by a liquid such as blood, coffee, or ink 〔尤指液体形成的〕污迹，污点
stain on
 There was a dark red stain on the carpet.
地毯上有一处深红色的污迹。
remove/get rid of a stain
 White vinegar is great for removing stains.
白醋去污效果很好。
wine/coffee/blood etc stain
 How do you get wine stains out of a tablecloth?
如何去除桌布上的葡萄酒渍？
stubborn stains (=ones that are very difficult to remove) 顽固污渍
► see thesaurus at mark
2. [countableC, uncountableU]TIC a special liquid that you use to change the colour of something, especially wood 〔尤指木料的〕着色剂，染色剂 → dye
3. stain on somebody’s character/name/reputation etc FAULT/something WRONGsomething that damages the good opinion that people have about someone 某人性格/名声/名誉等方面的污点
Examples from the Corpus
stain on somebody’s character/name/reputation etc• Whatever the outcome, he not unnaturally regarded his time in gaol as a stigma, as a stain on his character.• Buy him eine kleine Knackwurst and toddle home without a stain on your character.• Robert Lopez is released without a stain on his character.• Duran dominated Leonard physically that night, but five months later the New Orleans farce put a huge stain on his reputation.• The massacre has left an indelible stain on the name of Clan Campbell.
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + stain
a wine/coffee/blood etc stain
How can I get coffee stains out of a cotton tablecloth?
a red/brown/dark etc stain
There was a brown stain on the bedroom ceiling.
a stubborn stain (=one that is hard to remove)
Lighter fuel can be used to remove more stubborn stains.
verbs
remove a stain (also shift a stain informal)
He was trying to remove a stain from his jacket.
Fruit juice stains can be hard to shift.
get a stain out (also get rid of a stain) (=remove it)
You’ll never get that stain out.
get a stain on something
She didn’t want to get a stain on her new dress.
something leaves a stain
She wiped the soup off her blouse, but it left a stain.
a stain spreads
A dark stain spread over the grey carpet.
stain + NOUN
stain remover (=a special liquid for removing stains)
stain removal
Here are a few quick tips for stain removal.
Examples from the Corpus
stain• Water is a miraculous substance remover; it will remove probably 85 percent of all stains.• I studied him in fascination as he polished his shoes each night after supper and inspected his suits for wrinkles and stains.• The pillow had a large stain on it the color of tobacco.• Although the pulsed dye laser is often considered of limited value in mature portwine stain, Tan has recently reported excellent results.• She could feel the red stain crawl up her neck as she caught his drift.• They had to gut the place because of the stains and the smell.• I can't get this stain out of the carpet.• Salt is the best cure for a red wine stain.
wine/coffee/blood etc stain• Suzy walked into the lounge and switched on a table-lamp whose shade was spotted by a coffee stain.• Other arms took on the burden, and blood stained richly on the sleeves of Holly's tunic.• Port wine stains are heterogeneous, and responses to different lasers vary considerably.• She looked at the red wine stain on his trousers and felt tears pricking her eyes.• This time his shirt bore a long, teardrop shaped coffee stain.
Origin stain1
(1400-1500) Partly from Old French desteindre “to discolor”, from teindre “to give something a different color”, from Latin tingere ( → TINGE2); partly from Old Norse steina “to paint”
stain1 verbstain2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5778 COCA: 6708
stain

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + STAIN | STAIN + VERB | STAIN + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤stubborn頑固的污漬▸➤dark深色的污漬▸➤blood (usually bloodstain) , coffee, grass, grease, ink, etc.血漬、咖啡漬、草漬、油漬、墨漬等➤port wine (= a permanent red mark on sb's skin) (BrE) 深紅色胎痣◇a port wine stain, present at birth出生時帶着的葡萄酒色斑VERB + STAIN➤leave留下污漬▸➤get out, remove去除污漬STAIN + VERB➤spread污漬擴散開來◇The glass fell and a dark stain spread over the carpet.杯子掉下來，深色的污漬在地毯上浸開了。STAIN + NOUN➤remover去污劑PREPOSITION➤stain on在⋯上留下的污漬◇The coffee left a stain on his shirt.咖啡在他的襯衣上留下了污跡。◇The scandal left a dark stain on his reputation. (figurative) 這個醜聞給他的名聲留下了污點。
stain

verb

PREPOSITION | PHRASES PREPOSITION➤with沾染着⋯◇The shirt was heavily stained with blood.襯衫上沾滿了血跡。PHRASES➤be badly stained, be heavily stained, be slightly stained沾染上一大片；沾上一點兒▸➤stain sth green, red, etc.把⋯染成綠色、紅色等◇The children's fingers were stained purple with juice.孩子們的手指被果汁染成了紫色。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5778 COCA: 6708
stain verb
⇨ paintstain noun
⇨ mark
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5778 COCA: 6708
stain
To damage or spoil something: damage, spoil, mark...
The activity of making things from wood: carpentry, dovetail, joinery...
Chemical reactions and processes: action, adsorb, aerate...
To harm someone's reputation: discredit, slander, taint...
Signs of damage: a blot on something, blemish, blight...
Substances used for cleaning and polishing: abrasive, air freshener, bleach...
Equipment used in scientific research: accelerator, beaker, bell jar...

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