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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

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short

Related topics: Linguistics

short1 /ʃɔːt $ ʃɔːrt/ S1 W1 adjectiveadj (comparativecomp shorter, superlativesupl shortest)

1 time 时间SHORT TIME happening or continuing for only a little time or for less time than usual 短（暂）的，短期的 OPP long

a short meeting

一个短会

Morris gave a short laugh.

莫里斯笑了一声。

a short course on business English

商业英语短期课程

Winter is coming and the days are getting shorter.

冬天来临，白天变短了。

I’ve only been in Brisbane a short time.

我才来布里斯班不久。

For a short while (=a short time), the city functioned as the region’s capital.

这座城市曾经在很短的一段时间里是这个地区的首府。

I learned a lot during my short period as a junior reporter.

在当初级记者的这段短暂时间里，我学到了许多。

Germany achieved spectacular economic success in a relatively short period of time.

德国在相对较短的时间里取得了非凡的经济成就。

They met and married within a short space of time.

他们从相识到结婚时间很短。

I promise to keep the meeting short and sweet (=short in a way that is good, especially not talking for a long time).

我保证会议开得简短不拖拉。

For a few short weeks (=they seemed to pass very quickly), the sun shone and the fields turned gold.

短短的几个星期里，阳光照耀，田野变成了一片金黄。

2 length/distance 长度/距离SHORT/NOT LONG measuring a small amount in length or distance 〔长度或距离〕短的 OPP long

a short skirt

一条短裙

Anita had her hair cut short.

安妮塔把头发剪短了。

They went by the shortest route, across the fields.

他们抄近路从田野里穿过去。

Carol’s office was only a short distance away, and she decided that she would walk there.

卡罗尔的办公室并不远，她决定走着去。

a short walk/flight/drive

It’s a short drive to the airport.

开车去机场很近。

The hotel is only a short walk from the beach.

酒店离海滩只有几步之遥。

3 not tall 不高的SHORT PERSON someone who is short is not as tall as most people 个子矮的 OPP tall

a short plump woman

一个矮矮胖胖的女人

Chris was short and stocky, with broad shoulders.

克里斯矮小敦实，双肩宽厚。

He’s a bit shorter than me.

他比我稍矮些。

4 book/letter 书/信SHORT/NOT LONG a book, letter etc that is short does not have many words or pages 简短的 OPP long

a short novel

一部短篇小说

I wrote a short note to explain.

我写了张简短的便条作解释。

→ short story

5 not enough 不够的

a) if you are short of something, you do not have enough of it 缺少的

be short (of something)

Can you lend me a couple of dollars? I’m a little short.

你能借点钱给我吗？我手头有点紧。

be short of money/cash/funds

Our libraries are short of funds.

我们的图书馆缺少经费。

be 5p/$10 etc short

Have you all paid me? I’m about £9 short.

你们都付钱给我了吗？我大概还差九英镑。

I’m a bit short British EnglishBrE spoken (=I haven’t got much money at the moment) 我目前手头有点紧

somebody is not short of something British EnglishBrE (=they have a lot of it) 某人不缺某物

Your little girl’s not short of confidence, is she?

你的小女儿自信心很足，是吗？

They’re not short of a few bob (=they are rich).

他们不缺钱。

b) if something is short, there is not enough of it 不足的，短缺的

Money was short in those days.

那时候钱很紧。

It’s going to be difficult – time is short.

难办了——时间不够。

Gasoline was in short supply (=not enough of it was available) after the war.

战后汽油供应短缺。

6 be short on something to have less of something than you should have 缺乏某物

Examples from the Corpus

be short on something• Sometimes I think he's a little short on common sense.• Before Diller came in, they were short on cash and needed to get a product out fast.• If your company is short on cash, it becomes very tempting not to remit these taxes.• Useful vegetarian cafe to know about, as the area is short on cheap options.• It was short on ice and long on scotch.• It might be short on intrigue and backstabbing but it would move at a cracking pace.• The hospital was short on nurses.• Seeking clarification from one who should know, we are told that Mr Smith is short on pessimism.

7 less than 少于LESS a little less than a number 少于，未达到〔某个数目〕

8 short notice SUDDENLYif something is short notice, you are told about it only a short time before it happens 提前很短时间的通知，很迟才通知

Examples from the Corpus

short notice• Frieder could have a glut of scholarships available on short notice.• His armour was piled not three yards away, arrayed ready to be donned at short notice.• Our entire Fleet had to prepare for sortie on such short notice.• I am very sorry to give you such short notice about this.• The registry office couldn't marry them at such short notice and they must wait until the following day.• When a march is organised at short notice, as much notice as practicable must be given.• He was called in at short notice due to the unfortunate motor accident involving Design Director, Bill Naysmith.• Part C. A short notice teaching session - 20 minutes.

9 in the short term/run SOONduring the period of time that is not very far into the future 在短期内 → short-term

Examples from the Corpus

in the short term/run• Even marriage into the royal family only assured such support in the short term.• Giving sanctuary to political asylum-seekers is seldom rewarded on earth, at least in the short term.• He predicted more volatile dealings in the short run.• The vocabulary of every language is so vast that there is no way to eliminate all such hazards in the short run.• Which are the campaign promises that you believe you can deliver on in the short term?• Evidently not, in the short term, but in the long term Fangorn knows his race and story are sterile.• These measures may save some money in the short term, but we'll just end up spending more later.• Although those measures would cost money in the short term, Rep.

10 have a short memory if someone has a short memory, they soon forget something that has happened 记性不好

Examples from the Corpus

have a short memory• Bring any player back and he does not perform and people have short memories.• Other strategies might be more forgiving and have shorter memories.• Manufacturers have short memories, you know.

11 be short for something SHORT/NOT LONGto be a shorter way of saying a name 是某事物的简称

Examples from the Corpus

be short for something• It is short for a par 5 but you soon realise why.• Her name is Alex, short for Alexandra.• Chuck is short for Charlie, and Charlie is the old code name for a down-home white bigot.• He was short for his age and had little, sharp, ugly eyes.• Already as a consequence of the war, half the children up to five years are short for their age due to malnutrition.• For now the nomads are surviving, but time most be short for them.

12 be short of breath to be unable to breathe easily, especially because you are unhealthy 呼吸短促，气喘吁吁〔尤因身体不健康〕

Examples from the Corpus

be short of breath• He sleeps badly and is short of breath on exertion.

13 be short with somebody RUDE/IMPOLITEto speak to someone using very few words, in a way that seems rude or unfriendly 对某人说话简慢无礼

Examples from the Corpus

be short with somebody• Hatching time is short with fry appearing after 24 to 30 hours, and growing rapidly when fed with rotifers.• Farrar was short with livery lips and thick black eyebrows, and Something was prematurely bald and thought he was really cool.• He was short with me, in fact.• No wonder he was short with me over the phone.• He was short with one blue-black hand and the other arm half gone, ended cleanly just below the elbow.• Sorry I was short with you on the phone this morning.

14 have a short temper/fuse BAD-TEMPEREDto get angry very easily 脾气暴躁

Examples from the Corpus

have a short temper/fuse• Girls today sure have short fuses.• Mrs Popple had long been known to have a short temper.

15 get/be given short shrift SYMPATHIZE#if you or your idea, suggestion etc is given short shrift, you are told immediately that you are wrong and are not given any attention or sympathy 〔观点、建议等〕当即遭到否定，受冷遇

16 be nothing/little short of something VERYused to emphasize that something is very good, very surprising etc 毫不逊于…，简直就是…〔用于强调〕

Examples from the Corpus

be nothing/little short of something• What they envision is nothing short of a new corporate structure, in which accounting and other functions are outsourced.• This is nothing short of a scandal.• The 18 tracks of the new record are so dizzyingly dexterous, the live show should be nothing short of amazing.• The quality of sound via these outputs is nothing short of amazing.• The result is nothing short of brilliant and has met with raves in all the glossy industry mags.• The city hopes to attract around 3.5 million visitors annually, but last year's figures were little short of disastrous.• First, I would strongly advise other CEOs to follow our experience because the results stood to be nothing short of spectacular.• It is little short of tragic that she has been cut off, while still at the peak of her singing power.

17 draw/get the short straw JOB/TASKto be given something difficult or unpleasant to do, especially when other people have been given something better 得个苦差事；比别人吃亏

Examples from the Corpus

draw/get the short straw• Rose had drawn the short straw, and was thus forced to seek Lord Westbourne clasping the Romanov dagger.

18 make short work of (doing) something FINISH DOING somethingto finish something quickly and easily, especially food or a job 迅速完成某事物，轻易解决某事物〔尤指食物或工作〕

Examples from the Corpus

make short work of (doing) something• The second game we pull away early and make short work of it.• Carmen would have made short work of Michael too.• These cannibalistic tadpoles make short work of one of their siblings.• It made short work of our Windows performance tests, WinTach, clocking up an impressive index of over 9.3.• It is fair to warn anglers that thousands of crabs soon make short work of rag and lugworm.• Fourth placed Guisborough made short work of the opposition at Saltburn.• Guernsey made short work of the opposition when they won the event on home soil in 1990.• He made short work of the remainder of his lunch, pushed his chair from the table, and stood up.

19 have/get somebody by the short and curlies (also have/get somebody by the short hairs) British EnglishBrE informal not polite to put someone in a situation in which they are forced to do or accept what you want 强迫某人做，硬逼某人接受

20 be one ... short of a ... spoken used humorously to say that someone is a little crazy or stupid 〔某人〕有点冒傻气[愚蠢]〔幽默用法〕

21 short time British EnglishBrE when workers work for fewer hours than usual, because the company cannot afford to pay them their full wage 短工时，缩短工作时间〔因公司支付不起全额工资〕

Examples from the Corpus

short time• In this way a carcass can draw vultures from far away in a short time.• One year is a very short time.• Just a short time ago the forest was impenetrable ... and safe.• Employees may try working at the new location for a short time and then decide not to continue.• Now that he's on short time he's doing more round the house.• Police arrested a male juvenile a short time later.• The forest has reclaimed the fields even in this short time since I was last there.

22. in short order formalSHORT TIME in a short time and without delay 在短时间内，毫不拖延地

Examples from the Corpus

in short order• The bombers destroyed the enemy's camp in short order.• Collectively they squandered their pricing power in short order.• He gave me his curriculum vitae in short order.• I charmed him in short order.• Sun Microsystems Inc will make it available for all Sparc systems in short order.• They would be attacked in short order and possibly even killed.• We got to Pecos in short order and turned north for Carlsbad.• A piece of good news for Bill Clinton in Congress was followed, in short order, by the opposite.• But, in short order, Lott orchestrated deals on a range of stalled legislation, from welfare reform to health care.

23. give somebody short measure British EnglishBrE old-fashionedSELL to give someone less than the correct amount of something, especially in a shop 〔尤指商店售货〕少给某人分量，给某人的分量不足

24. sound 声音 technicalSL a short vowel is pronounced quickly without being emphasized, for example the sound of a in ‘cat’, e in ‘bet’, and i in ‘bit’ 〔元音〕发短音的 OPP long

—shortness noun [uncountableU]

He was suffering from shortness of breath.

他患有气短的毛病。

Shirley was very conscious of her shortness and always wore high heels.

雪莉对自己个子矮很在意，总是穿高跟鞋。

→ life’s too short at life(27)

THESAURUS

time 时间

short not long 时间短的,短暂的

I lived in Tokyo for a short time.

我曾在东京短暂居住。

Smokers have a shorter life expectancy than non-smokers.

烟民的预期寿命比非烟民短。

brief especially written lasting only for a short time. Brief is more formal than short, and is used especially in written English 短暂的,短时间的〔brief比short正式,尤用于书面英语〕

The president will make a brief visit to Seattle today.

今天总统将在西雅图作短暂访问。

He coached Hingis for a brief period in the 1990s.

他在20世纪90年代曾短时间当过辛吉斯的教练。

quick [only before noun] taking a short time to do something 很快的,快速的

I had a quick look at the map.

我很快地看了一眼地图。

He had a quick shower and then went out.

他匆匆洗了澡,然后出去了。

short-lived lasting only for a short time – used especially when someone wishes that a good situation had been able to last for longer 短命的,短期的〔尤指某人希望好的状况能长久〕

short-lived success

短暂的成功

The ceasefire was short-lived.

那是短暂的停火。

a short-lived romance

短命的爱情

short-lived optimism about the economy

对经济的短暂乐观　

fleeting lasting only for an extremely short time – used especially when someone wishes that something had been able to last for longer 转瞬即逝的,短暂的〔尤指某人希望某事物能持续更长时间〕

a fleeting visit

匆匆的访问

a fleeting smile

一掠而过的笑容

She caught a fleeting glimpse of him.

她只匆匆地了他一眼。

a fleeting moment of happiness

幸福的瞬间

na fleeting thought

momentary lasting for a very short time – used especially about feelings or pauses 〔尤指情感或停顿〕片刻的,瞬间的

There was a momentary pause in the conversation.

谈话中有片刻的停顿。

The momentary panic ended when he found his two-year-old son waiting happily outside the store.

看到两岁的儿子开开心心地等在商店外面,他一时的惊恐消失了。

passing [only before noun] lasting only for a short time – used especially when people are only interested in something or mention something for a short time 〔尤指兴趣或对某事的提起〕短暂的,一时的

passing fashions

一时流行的风尚

He made only a passing reference to war.

他只略微提及战争。

It’s just a passing phase (=it will end soon).

这只是一个暂时的阶段。

ephemeral formal lasting only for a short time, and ending quickly like everything else in this world 短暂的,短促的

Beauty is ephemeral.

美是短暂的。

the ephemeral nature of our existence

生命的短暂

His wealth proved to be ephemeral.

他的财富最后转眼成空。

person 人

short someone who is short is not as tall as most people 个子矮的

He was a short fat man.

他又矮又胖。

not very tall quite short. This phrase sounds more gentle than saying that someone is short 不是很高的〔比short委婉〕

She wasn’t very tall – maybe about 1.60 m.

她不是很高——可能一米六左右。

small short and with a small body 个子矮小的

My mother was a small woman.

我母亲是个个子矮小的女人。

The girl was quite small for her age (=smaller than other girls of the same age).

以她的年龄来说,这女孩个子挺小的。

petite used about a woman who is attractively short and thin 〔女子〕娇小的

She was a petite woman with blonde hair.

她是一个娇小的金发女子。

stocky used about a boy or man who is short, heavy, and strong 〔男孩或男子〕矮而结实的,粗壮的

Harry was stocky and middle-aged.

哈里是一个敦实的中年人。

dumpy short and fat 矮墩墩的,矮胖的

a dumpy girl with red hair

一个矮墩墩的红头发女孩

diminutive formal or literary very short or small – used especially in descriptions in novels 非常矮小的〔尤用于小说描写〕

a diminutive figure dressed in black

穿着黑衣的矮小身影

stubby stubby fingers or toes are short and thick 〔手指或脚趾〕又短又粗的

the baby’s stubby little fingers

宝宝胖乎乎的小手指

n GRAMMAR: Order of adjectives

If there is more than one adjective, the adjectives are usually used in a fixed order.

You say:

I bought a beautiful short dress.

✗Don’t say: I bought a short beautiful dress.

You say:

She has short black hair.

✗Don’t say: She has black short hair.

Examples from the Corpus

short• Suddenly, every day seems just that little bit shorter.• 'What does she look like?' 'She's short and fat, with brown hair.'• Brad is fairly short and stocky.• But it was always widely feared that the narrow time frame was far too short and would work against an effective peace.• a short course in aromatherapy• She has short curly hair and wears glasses.• Sandy took a short cut home.• Do you know any short cuts to the hospital?• It's a short drive from the airport.• Perhaps more significant are the events in the remaining and short history of the Rochdale Co-operative Manufacturing Society.• Please write a short paragraph explaining your reasons for applying to this college.• a short pause in the conversation• I said after a short pause.• It would have been better if they'd closed the road for a short period of time while the repairs were done.• The problem worsens with the relentless financial pressures for immediate performance in the short run.• a short-sleeved T-shirt• The chapters are really short, so I read a couple every night.• Ken gave a short speech at the award ceremony.• Graham made a short speech of thanks after the ceremony.• a short, stocky man with powerful shoulders• a book of short stories• Mr Haddad was several inches shorter than his wife.• I've just been living here a short time.• I really do feel this way for a short time.• Chris went for a short walk to clear his head.• A short while later, the doorbell rang.

a short time• How did you manage to do all this in such a short time?• He told me before she came that she was asking for somewhere secret to stay for a short time.• Is he the kind of man to lend you the rings for luck for a short time?• I think he went to prison for a short time.• The police arrived within a very short time.• The talk should only last a short time.• Your friends left a short time ago.• Employees may try working at the new location for a short time and then decide not to continue.• After a short time had passed he began to tap his foot on the kerb impatiently.• Within a short time her influence in the field of social work spread beyond the confines of Denison House.• I thought about my dear wife, and for a short time I felt better.• Alistair arrived at the party a short time later, and he too seemed to be known among the various performers.• Unfortunately, we could only spend a short time together.• As a result of her actions, Amelia became even more popular and within a short time was practically running Ogontz.

short distance• They drift off lazily to the west for a short distance.• At first, they assemble a short distance away, shyly facing the adults, who wave, smile, say hello.• It was built without delay, a short distance into Tennison Road, alongside a small market garden.• Taking a deep breath, Eline crossed the road and walked the short distance to Joe's house.• Lytham St Annes, a short distance to the south, has sandy beaches and several excellent golf courses.• She walked the short distance to work, seeing nothing of the beauty of the day.• Even within a short distance we can see remarkable changes of thickness.• The vehicles will go through deep drifts for short distances when the momentum of the vehicle will carry it through.

be short (of something)• Can you lend me a couple of dollars? I'm still a little short.• Jill dropped out of college two credits short of graduation.• At first in a bunch, then stringing out, some hastening, some loitering, though the distance is short.• My breath is short, and my heartbeat thunders intermittently in the ear against the pillow.• Communications are short and publication is rapid, providing information on new avenues of research in the shortest possible time.• He was short, in his fifties, wearing a white shirt with a brown paisley pattern.• She can't be short of a bob or two.• The Democrats are three votes short of a majority in the Senate.• Their huts were short tepees protected by tree branches or rounded huts covered with animal skins.• Clinic measurements of children under 2 years of age tended to show length to be shorter than actual. 3.• As the majority of the words would be shorter than this, there would a large amount of wasted space.

just/a little short of something• As far as I was concerned, it was just a little short of hack work.

Related topics: Film, Drink, Electrical

short2 noun

1 shorts [plural]

Examples from the Corpus

shorts• He came to the door in his shorts.• a pair of tennis shorts

2 in short SUMMARIZEused when you want to give the main point of something 总而言之，简单地说

Examples from the Corpus

in short• In short, the better a parent you are during the first 18 years, the better friends you'll be later.• In short, the project is just too expensive.• In short, the report says that more money should be spent on education.

3 for short used as a shorter way of saying a name 简称，缩写

Examples from the Corpus

for short• He's actually called Jeremy, but everyone who knows him calls him Jem for short.• His name's Maximilian, but we just call him Max for short.• Hi, my name's Moses -- Mo for short.

4. [countableC] informalAMF a short film shown in the cinema 〔在电影正片前放映的〕短片► see thesaurus at movie

5 [countableC] British EnglishBrE informalDFD a strong alcoholic drink that is not beer or wine, drunk in a small glass 〔用小酒杯喝的〕烈酒 SYN American English shot

6 [countableC] informalTEE a short circuit 短路

→ the long and the short of it at long1(10)

Examples from the Corpus

short• There must be a short in the system.• He was pale; the portion of his legs between his socks and shorts was white.• Joe explained that oversized jeans were necessary to showcase wildly patterned boxer shorts.• He smiled, taking in Willie's crumpled grey shorts and jersey.• He jerked down his shorts, and sat with legs spread on the edge of a slope-backed chair.• The odd thing is that it isn't the big chaps in shorts who are under fire.• I sat on the rocky slope above Gay Acres, not wanting to stain my white shorts on the grass.

short3 adverbadv

1 fall short of something FAILto be less than what you need, expected, or hoped for, or to fail to reach a satisfactory standard 达不到〔目的、期望、标准〕

Examples from the Corpus

fall short of something• On the other hand, if the firm falls short of covering its fixed costs, a loss will be incurred.• The results fell short of eight analysts' forecasts of profit between 130 million and 127 million pounds.• The trainers suggest that, as guards, they fell short of expectations.• By 1951 the Labour government had built 900,000 houses, falling short of its target of 240,000 dwellings a year.• Even in the best of years, Journal news coverage inevitably falls short of perfection.• Anything less than this is a measure of the extent to which the research falls short of scientific standards.• Reality has a way of falling short of the ideal.

2 be running short (of/on something) ENOUGH#if you are running short of something, or if something is running short, it is being used up and there will soon not be enough left （某物）使用殆尽，即将用完

Examples from the Corpus

be running short (of/on something)• Let's go - time's running short.• Our supply of firewood was running short.• Nevertheless, Baldwin felt his time was running short.• Still, time is running short.• Time was running short for Lievin.• San Francisco may be running short of characters, but new communities pop up every day.• He was running short of petrol and that route offered him the chance to capture replenishments along the way.• As we are running short of time, let me end with one area where there is a clear divide.• He was running short of time.• Many stores are running short on bottled water.

3 stop short of doing something to almost do something but then decide not to do it 将要做某事时突然罢手，险些做某事

Examples from the Corpus

stop short of doing something• Paula stopped just short of calling me a thief.• But they have stopped short of rejecting the idea altogether.• Doctors stop short of saying the disease is always fatal, but medical literature paints a bleak picture.• Even then I stopped short of making a complaint.• He believed in a kind of progressive development of forms, but like Forbes stopped short of an actual evolutionary theory.• His passion has only just stopped short of writing a structural critique of the civil engineering faults at Valhalla.• Wisely, perhaps, Marochnik stops short of drawing any dramatic conclusions, but two things are clear.• Yet we stop short of analysing what it is.

4 stop short STOP DOING somethingQUIETto suddenly stop speaking or stop what you are doing, because something has surprised you or you have just thought of something 〔在说话或做事时因吃惊或想到某事而〕突然停下

Examples from the Corpus

stop short• He reads a few lines and stops short.• At the crest of the hill, she stopped short as she read a warning sign next to the trail.• It goes without saying that all this stops short at the people, who have been abandoned to the authorities' exploitation.• The door opened abruptly, and over Roman's shoulder Claudia saw Dana stop short in confusion.• He believed in a kind of progressive development of forms, but like Forbes stopped short of an actual evolutionary theory.• Both stop short of demanding censorship, though Mary Whitehouse is characteristically less tentative.• Wisely, perhaps, Marochnik stops short of drawing any dramatic conclusions, but two things are clear.• Even then I stopped short of making a complaint.• He stopped short of making recommendations about weapons programs in his 90-minute meeting at the White House.

5 be cut short STOP something THAT IS HAPPENINGif something is cut short, it is stopped before you expect or before it is finished 突然中断

Examples from the Corpus

be cut short• Then their wedding night in a luxury hotel was cut short at 6am - because of a fire alert.• Further discussion is cut short by a bump that interposes a few bodies between us.• Freire's experiment was cut short by a military coup, so it is difficult to judge the results.• And his restless nature rendered him an artist whose greatness frequently was cut short by his lack of focus.• It printed prose and verse in broadside and chapbook form till its activities were cut short by the War.• He was missing two front teeth, and his hair was cut short in a burr.• Hugh McPherson, alleges his Army career was cut short in retaliation for his thorough pursuit of the events.

6 cut somebody short INTERRUPTto interrupt and stop someone when they are speaking 打断某人的话

7 pull/bring somebody up short STOP DOING somethingSTOP MOVINGto surprise or shock someone so that they stop what they are doing or saying to think for a moment 让某人怔了一下，使某人愣了片刻

Examples from the Corpus

pull/bring somebody up short• A moment later, realising she was teetering on the brink of self-pity, she brought herself up short.• A moment later, though, and she was bringing herself up short.• She has a red face and a manner that pulls people up short.• This brings us up short at the outset of our study.• However, never bring a preclear up short on this material.• But Blue brings himself up short, realizing that they have nothing really to do with Black.

8 3 metres/5 miles etc short of something without reaching a place you are trying to get to, because you are still a particular distance from it 距某处还差三米/五英里等

9 two weeks/a month etc short of something two weeks, a month etc before something 距某时间不到两星期/一个月等

10 short of (doing) something IFwithout actually doing something 除非（做）某事

Examples from the Corpus

short of (doing) something• A pair to fit wellies which reach right up to the knee cost a penny short of a fiver.• San Francisco may be running short of characters, but new communities pop up every day.• Apart from Ferkhan, everybody was short of food.• Even in the best of years, Journal news coverage inevitably falls short of perfection.• The company said its earnings would fall short of previous expectations mainly because of lower earnings from its Gulf Printing unit.• Short of selling the house, I don't know how we're going to get that amount of money.• That is nothing short of stupidity.• The House vote fell well short of the 291 required to override a veto.

11 come up short to fail to win or achieve something 未能赢取；未能获得

Examples from the Corpus

come up short• He struck the ball tentatively, and it came up short.• I went home, wanting to do something very special, but came up short.• Judged by their own standards, they came up short.• This analysis often reveals why some groups regularly succeed and others regularly come up short.• We're so close to getting the job done, but we keep coming up short.• Riley keeps coming up short, but insists on coming right back to pound the same hammer with the same nail.• We've been to the state tournament four times, but we've come up short every time.• Kansas played well for 38 minutes but came up short in the end.• If we keep coming up short, tax the Patagonians.

12 go short (of something) ENOUGH# British EnglishBrE to have less of something than you need 不够，欠缺（某物）

Examples from the Corpus

go short (of something)• More of the world-beating copies are on sale today in areas that went short.• The stroke went short and choppy.• But Jude is used to going short of beauty sleep-although it doesn't show.• So whether you're visiting Perth or Penzance, you need never go short of cash.• You haven't gone short of food, that's obvious.• That would make it extremely painful to have gone short of sterling in the past few days.• Since these are fairly cheap to buy and easy to prepare, the elderly rarely go short of them.• Debbie's husband would have cared if he had gone short, oh yes.

13. be taken short/be caught short British EnglishBrE informalHBH to have a sudden strong need to go to the toilet when you are not near one 突然要上厕所〔而此时附近正好没有厕所〕

Examples from the Corpus

short• He had short black hair, a scruffy moustache and a pointed nose.• Charles was short, heavyset, and forty-three years old.• It is the record of a glory that was short lived, but makes an illustrious event in Aarau's history.• Attempts to introduce drift-nets into neighbouring New Zealand waters were more short lived.

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