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IELTS BNC: 519 COCA: 494

break

Word family
ldoce_037_fbreak1 /breɪk/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst broke /brəʊk $ broʊk/, past participlepp broken /ˈbrəʊkən $ ˈbroʊ-/)   brake
1 IN PIECESseparate into pieces 破碎
a) [transitiveT]BREAK if you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it 使破裂,使破碎;使断裂
 I had to break a window to get into the house.
我只得打破一扇窗户进屋。
 Don’t lean on the fence like that – you’ll break it!
不要那样靠在篱笆上——会把它弄断的!
break something in half/two
 He broke the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me.
他把饼干掰成两半,递了一块给我。
 Break the chocolate into small pieces and melt it over a gentle heat.
把巧克力破成小块,放在文火上化开。
b) [intransitiveI]BREAK if something breaks, it separates into two or more pieces 破裂,破碎;断裂
 He kept pulling at the rope until it broke.
他一直拉到绳子,直到把它拉断。
 The frames are made of plastic and they tend to break quite easily.
这些框架是塑料做的,很容易碎裂。
2 PART OF YOUR BODYbones 骨头 [transitiveT]BREAK to damage a bone in your body by making it crack or split 使骨折
 She fell downstairs and broke her hip.
她从楼梯上摔下来,髋部骨折。
see thesaurus at hurt
3 NOT WORKINGmachines 机器
a) [transitiveT]BREAK to damage a machine so that it does not work properly 弄坏,损坏〔机器〕
 Don’t mess about with my camera – you’ll break it.
别乱动我的照相机,你会把它弄坏的。
 Someone’s broken the TV.
有人把电视机弄坏了。
b) [intransitiveI]BREAK if a machine breaks, it stops working properly 〔机器〕损坏,失灵
 The washing machine’s broken again.
洗衣机又坏了。
4 RULE/LAW ETCrules/laws 规定/法律 [transitiveT]DISOBEY to disobey a rule or law 不遵守,违犯
 They’re breaking the law by employing such young children.
他们雇用这么小的孩子是违法的。
 If you break the rules, you will be punished.
违反规定要受到惩罚。
 The cameras catch motorists who break the speed limit.
摄像头会拍下超速的司机。
5 PROMISE/AGREEMENTpromise/agreement 诺言/协议 [transitiveT]NOT DO something to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do 违反,违背〔诺言或协议〕
 I never break my promises.
我从不食言。
 You betrayed me. You broke your word.
你出卖了我,你说话不算数。
break an agreement/contract
 He was worried that he might be breaking his contract.
他担心自己可能会违约。
6 stop/rest 停下来/休息 [intransitiveI] to stop for a short time in order to have a rest or eat something 稍停,休息
break for
 Shall we break for lunch now?
我们现在停下来吃午饭好吗?
7 END A SITUATIONend STH 结束某事物 [transitiveT]CHANGE/MAKE something DIFFERENT to stop something from continuing 打断,中断
 We need to break the cycle of poverty and crime in the inner cities.
我们需要打破旧城区里贫困和犯罪的恶性循环。
 We took turns driving, in order to try and break the monotony.
我们轮流开车,免得乏味。
 New talks will begin on Monday in an effort to break the deadlock.
为打破僵局,星期一将重启会谈。
8 FAILdefeat SB 打垮某人 [transitiveT] to make someone feel that they have been completely defeated and they cannot continue working or living 打垮,击垮
9 destroy an organization 摧毁一个组织 [transitiveT] to damage an organization so badly that it no longer has any power 摧毁,瓦解〔组织〕
10 DAY/DAWNday/dawn 白昼/黎明 [intransitiveI]HAPPEN when the day or the dawn breaks, the sky gets light (天)刚亮,破晓
11 STORMstorm 暴风雨 [intransitiveI]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if a storm breaks, it begins 〔暴风雨〕来临,突然出现
12 WEATHERweather 天气 [intransitiveI]CHANGE/BECOME DIFFERENT if the weather breaks, it suddenly changes and becomes cold or wet 〔天气〕突然变化
13 WAVEwaves 波浪 [intransitiveI]FALL when waves break, they fall onto the land at the edge of the water 〔波浪〕迸溅,拍岸
14 VOICESB’s voice 某人的嗓音 [intransitiveI]LOW SOUND OR VOICE
15 NEWSnews 消息
16 break a habit STOP DOING somethingto stop doing something that you do regularly, especially something that you should not do 改掉某习惯〔尤指坏习惯〕
Examples from the Corpus
17 break a record BESTto do something even faster or even better than the previous best time, amount etc 破记录
Examples from the Corpus
18 break a journey British EnglishBrE to stop somewhere for a short time during a long journey 中途停留
19 break somebody’s heart to make someone very unhappy by ending a relationship with them or doing something that upsets them a lot 使某人伤心[心碎]
Examples from the Corpus
20 break a strike BELSTOP WORKING/GO ON STRIKEto force workers to end a strike 迫使罢工结束
Examples from the Corpus
21 break a link/tie/connection STOP DOING somethingto end a relationship with a person or organization 断绝关系
Examples from the Corpus
22 break the skin BREAKto cut the skin on your body 割伤皮肤,撕开皮肤
Examples from the Corpus
23 break the back of something FINISH DOING somethingto finish the main or worst part of something 完成某事物的主要部分;攻克某事物的难关
Examples from the Corpus
24 break the bank to cost a lot of money, or more money than you have 花很多钱;透支
Examples from the Corpus
25 break somebody’s concentration INTERRUPTto interrupt someone and stop them from being able to continue thinking or talking about something 分散某人的注意力
Examples from the Corpus
26 break the silence TALK TO somebodyLOUD/NOISYto end a period of silence by talking or making a noise 打破寂静[沉默]
Examples from the Corpus
27 break somebody’s spirit FORCE somebody TO DO somethingto destroy someone’s feeling of determination 摧毁某人的意志,挫某人的锐气
28 break somebody’s power to take away someone’s position of power or control 削弱某人的权力
29 break the ice informal to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other 打破冷场[僵局]
Examples from the Corpus
30 break a code to succeed in understanding something that is written in a secret way 破译密码
Examples from the Corpus
31. break wind HBHto allow gas to escape from your bottom, making a noise and an unpleasant smell 放屁
Examples from the Corpus
32 break (somebody’s) serve DSTto win a game in tennis when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first 〔网球中〕破(某人的)发球(局)得分
Examples from the Corpus
33. break a leg spoken used to wish someone luck, especially just before they perform on stage 祝你成功,祝你好运〔尤用于在某人上台表演前〕
nGrammar
Break belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.
You can say:
I broke a glass.
In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the object of break.
You can also say:
A glass broke.
In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the subject of break.
nCOLLOCATIONSMeaning 5: to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do
break + NOUN
break your promise
I’ll never forgive him for breaking his promise to me.
break your word (=break your promise)
I’ve promised to do it and I never break my word.
break your vow (=break a serious or formal promise)
He accused her of breaking her marriage vows.
break (off) your engagement
In the end she decided to break their engagement.
break a contract
He took the company to court for breaking the contract.
break an agreement
This action broke the international agreement of 1925.
THESAURUS
to break something 打破某物
break verb [transitiveT] to damage something and make it separate into pieces, for example by dropping it or hitting it 使破裂,打碎
Careful you don’t break the chair.
小心别把椅子弄坏。
He broke his leg.
他的腿摔断了。
smash verb [transitiveT] to break something with a lot of force 〔猛力〕打碎,砸碎
A policeman smashed his camera.
一名警察砸碎了他的照相机。
snap verb [transitiveT] to break something into two pieces, making a loud noise – used especially about long thin objects 啪地折断〔尤用于指细长的物体〕
He snapped the sticks in two.
他啪的一声折断了枝条。
split verb [transitiveT] to separate something into two pieces along a straight line 使分成两半
Using a sharp knife, split the melon in half.
用快刀把瓜切成两半。
fracture verb [transitiveT] to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface 使断裂,使折断〔尤指骨骼等表面有裂痕〕
I fell over and fractured my wrist.
我摔倒了,手腕骨折。
tear /teə $ ter/ verb [transitiveT] to damage paper or cloth by pulling it so that it separates into pieces 撕破〔纸或布料〕
She tore up the letter and put it in the bin.
她把信撕碎后扔进了垃圾筒。
I tore my jacket.
我把外套给扯破了。
to become broken 被打碎
break verb [intransitiveI] to become damaged and separate into pieces 破裂,碎裂
Plastic breaks quite easily.
塑料很容易碎裂。
smash verb [intransitiveI] to break after being hit with a lot of force 〔遭猛击而〕粉碎
The bowl smashed as it hit the floor.
碗打在地上摔碎了。
shatter verb [intransitiveI] to break into a lot of small pieces 粉碎
The glass shattered all over the pavement.
玻璃在人行道上碎得到处都是。
crack verb [intransitiveI] if something cracks, a line appears on the surface, which means that it could later break into separate pieces 裂开;出现裂纹
The ice was starting to crack.
冰开始裂了。
burst verb [intransitiveI] if a tyre, balloon, pipe etc bursts, it gets a hole and air or liquid suddenly comes out of it 〔轮胎、气球、管道等〕破裂,爆裂
She blew up the balloon until it burst.
她吹着气球,直到把它吹爆。
split verb [intransitiveI] to break in a straight line 〔沿直线〕裂开
The damp had caused the wood to split.
因为潮湿,木头开裂了。
crumble verb [intransitiveI] to break into a powder or a lot of small pieces 碎裂,崩裂〔成粉末或碎屑〕
The cork just crumbled in my hand.
软木塞就在我手中碎裂了。
PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
Related topics: Tennis, Baseball
break2 ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1 stop working 停止工作 [countableC] a period of time when you stop working in order to rest, eat etc 休息
2 stop doing STH 停止做某事 [countableC] a period of time when you stop doing something before you start again 中断,暂停
3 holiday 假期 [countableC] a short holiday 短暂的假期,休假
4 at school 在学校里 [uncountableU] the time during the school day when classes stop and teachers and students can rest, eat, play etc 课间休息
5 on tv 在电视上 [countableC] a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme 〔电视或广播节目中的〕广告时间
6 STH stops happening 某事停止发生 [countableC] a period of time when something stops happening before it starts again 暂停,中止
7 END/CHANGEend a relationship 结束关系 [singular]FINISH/COME TO AN END a time when you leave a person or group, or end a relationship with someone 结束,断绝
8 A SPACEspace/hole 空间/ [countableC]SPACE/GAP a space or hole in something 裂口,缺口,裂缝
9 A CHANCEchance 机会 [countableC] informalCHANCE/OPPORTUNITY a sudden or unexpected chance to do something that allows you to become successful in your job 〔意想不到的〕机会,机遇
10 BROKEN PLACEbones 骨头 [countableC]INJURE the place where a bone in your body has broken 骨折
11 TENNIStennis 网球 [countableC]DST a situation in a game of tennis in which you win a game when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first 破发,破发球局得分
12. POINTSsnooker 斯诺克 [countableC]DSB the number of points that a player wins when it is their turn to hit the ball in a game such as snooker 连击所得的分数
13 break with tradition/the past a time when people stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way 与传统/过去的决裂
Examples from the Corpus
14 make a break for something ESCAPEto suddenly start running towards something in order to escape from a place 〔为了逃跑〕突然冲向某地
Examples from the Corpus
15. give me/it a break! spokenSTOP DOING something used when you want someone to stop doing or saying something that is annoying you 别烦我!
16 give somebody a break spoken to stop being strict with someone so that a situation becomes easier for them 给某人一次机会,不苛求某人
Examples from the Corpus
17. the break of day literaryEARLY the time early in the morning when it starts getting light 黎明,拂晓
Examples from the Corpus
nCOLLOCATIONS
verbs
have/take a break
After two hours, she took a break and switched on the radio.
need a break
I’m sorry, I can’t do any more - I need a break.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + break
a short/quick break
Shall we have a quick five-minute break?
a lunch break
What time’s your lunch break?
a coffee/tea break
How about a coffee break?
a morning/afternoon break
I don’t usually have time for a morning break.
a well-earned break (=one that you deserve)
Everyone’s looking forward to a well-earned break when the exams are over.
Examples from the Corpus
From Longman Business Dictionary
breakbreak1 /breɪk/ verb (past tensepst broke /brəʊkbroʊk/, past participlepp broken /ˈbrəʊkənˈbroʊ-/)
1[transitiveT] if someone breaks a law, rule, agreement etc, they do not do what it says they should do
If you copy music files from the Internet, you could easily be breaking the law.
The other company broke the terms of its agreement.
2if employers break a STRIKE, they force the strikers to end it, perhaps with the help of the army or the police
He broke the ambulancemen’s strike by getting the army to answer emergency calls.
3break even to neither make a profit nor lose money
The company needs to charge $13 a ton to break even.
The retailer warns that it expects sales to be down by 15%, and it may only break even.
breakbreak2 noun [countableC]
1a period of time when you stop working or stop what you are doing in order to rest, eat, take a holiday etc
He was entitled to a forty-five minute lunch break.
Employers must provide people who work at computers with rest breaks.
bio break city break mini break
2 (also commercial break) a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme
We’ll be back with more music after the break.
3FINANCE a sudden, large fall in market prices, especially the price of shares on a stockmarket
The big break in cattle prices has forced ranchers to stop selling young cattle.
4a sudden or unexpected chance to do something, especially to be successful in your job
She got her first break in 1951 on Broadway.
He did small commercials for Yellow Pages before getting his big break with the Porsche advert.
5a period of several weeks or years during which something stops, before continuing again
break in
If you have a break in paid employment for two complete consecutive tax years, you must pay full-rate contributions when you return to work.
career break
Origin break1
Old English brecan

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