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BNC: 876 COCA: 1327

river

Word family 
Related topics: Geography, Geology
riv·er /ˈrɪvə $ -ər/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countableC]  
1  SGa natural and continuous flow of water in a long line across a country into the sea 江，河 → stream
 the Mississippi River
密西西比河
 the River Thames
泰晤士河
on a river
 There were several boats on the river.
河上有几条小船。
along a river
 We went for a walk along the river.
我们沿着河边散步。
up/down (a) river
 a ship sailing up river
逆流而上的船
 They drifted slowly down river.
他们慢慢地顺流而下。
across a river
 a bridge across the river
跨河的一座桥
→4  See picture of 见图 river →4  See picture on 见图 Page A4 Country 乡间
5Be careful about word order with river names – you say the River Thames, the River Nile, the River Amazon etc, but the Hudson River, the Mississippi River etc.
要注意河流名称的词序 – 可以说 the River Thames， the River Nile， the River Amazon etc， 但以下河流要说成 the Hudson River， the Mississippi River etc。
2  LIQUIDa large amount of moving liquid 巨流
river of
 a river of hot lava flowing from the volcano
从火山涌出的炽热熔岩流
→ sell somebody down the river at sell1
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with river
in the river
You use in the river to talk about things that happen in the water:
In summer we swim in the river.
There was something floating in the river.
on the river
You use on the river to talk about things that happen on the surface of a river or very close to the edge of a river:
We went boating on the river.
There’s a nice pub on the river.
along the river
You use along the river to talk about things that happen on land next to a river:
They strolled along the river.
There are houses built all along the river.
n USAGE: Word order with names of rivers
In Britain and Europe, the name usually comes after the word ‘river’. You usually say:
the River Thames
泰晤士河
,
the River Seine
,
the River Rhone
,
the River Nile
,
the River Ganges
.
In the US and outside Europe, the name usually comes before the word ‘river’. You usually say:
the Yangtze River
,
the Amazon River
,
the Congo River
,
the Hudson River
,
the Mississippi River
密西西比河
,
the Colorado River
.
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
a river flows 河水流淌
The River Avon flows through the town of Stratford.
埃文河流经斯特拉特福小镇。
a river runs (=it flows in a particular direction) 河水流淌
the place where the river runs into the sea
这条河的入海口
a river winds (=it turns and curves, rather than going in a straight line) 河流蜿蜒
He could see the river winding across the plain.
他看见河流蜿蜒穿过平原。
a river floods 河水泛滥
nThere are fears that the river could flood.
a river dries up 河水干涸
nFurther downstream the river has dried up completely several times in recent years.
a river narrows (=it becomes narrower) 河道变窄
nThe river narrows at this point.
a river rises somewhere formal (=it starts there) 河流发源于某地
nThe River Euphrates rises in Turkey and flows through Syria.
cross a river 过河
nCross the river by the road bridge and then turn right.
ford a river (=cross a river on foot, in a vehicle, or on a horse, without using a bridge) 涉水过河
nThe water was shallow enough for us to be able to ford the river.
navigate a river (=travel along a river in a boat) 沿河航行
nThe narrow cliffs once made the river dangerous to navigate.
adjectives
wide/broad 宽的
We crossed the wide River Rhone the following morning.
第二天早上，我们渡过了宽阔的罗讷河。
long 长的
The Severn is the longest river in Britain.
塞文河是英国最长的河流。
swollen/high (=containing more water than usual) 上涨的
After the rains, the river was swollen.
雨后河水上涨。
nThe river was high and running quite swiftly.
fast-flowing 湍急的
The child fell into a fast-flowing river.
那个孩子掉进了湍急的河水中。
a mighty river (=very big and impressive) 浩荡的河流
Cairo sits at the mouth of the mighty river Nile.
开罗位于浩荡的尼罗河的河口。
a river is navigable (=people are able to travel along it in a boat) 河流可通航
nThe river is navigable in the winter months.
river + NOUN
the river bank 河岸
Crowds lined the river banks to watch the boat race.
人群站在河两岸观看划船比赛。
a river bed (=the bottom of a river) 河床
nThey walked along a dry river bed.
a river valley 河谷
nThey came to a wide river valley.
phrases
the banks of a river (=the land near a river) 河（两）岸
He bought a house on the banks of the River Wye.
他在瓦伊河岸边买了一栋房子。
the mouth of a river (=where it joins the sea) 河口
The Statue of Liberty stands at the mouth of the Hudson River.
自由女神像坐落在哈得孙河河口。
the source of a river (=the place where it starts) 河的源头
nWhere exactly is the source of the River Ganges?
the upper/lower etc reaches of a river (=the upper, lower etc parts) 河的上游/下游等
nWe sailed down the lower reaches of the river.
a bend in a river 河的弯道
nHe rounded a bend in the river and saw Flora sitting there.
a river is in spate British EnglishBrE (=it is very full and the water is flowing very quickly) 河水猛涨
nThe snow had just melted and the rivers were in spate.
n THESAURUS
river a line of water that flows into the sea
They crossed the river by ferry.
the River Tweed
the Yangtze river
tributary a stream or river that flows into a larger river
The River Trombetas is a tributary of the River Amazon.
estuary the wide part of a river where it goes into the sea
plans to build a big new airport on the Thames estuary
canal a long passage dug into the ground and filled with water, either for boats to travel along, or to take water to a place
Venice’s famous canals
a canal boat
delta an area of low land where a river spreads into many smaller rivers near the sea
the Nile delta
a small river
stream a small narrow river
a cool mountain stream
brook literary a small stream
There was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along between green banks.
creek a narrow area of sea that goes into the land, or a small river
The River Fal with its many creeks was a perfect place for smugglers.
The kids hunted for crabs in the muddy creek.
parts of a river
mouth the part of a river where it joins the sea
Havre-Marat was a port at the mouth of the River Seine.
bank land along the side of a river
the river bank
He owns a chateau on the banks of the River Loire.
source the place where a river or stream starts
The source of the River Nile was discovered by a British explorer, John Speke.
Examples from the Corpus
river• In the dry season, the wonderfully cool river water is a stunning blue-green in the deep pools below the falls.• The toll includes drowned livestock, ruined wheat crops and boats torn from their moorings on rivers around the north state.• The other rivers from the Pennines are roughly the same size.• Transnational oil and mining companies pollute rivers and finance grossly disruptive mines.• He lit one of his Gauloise cigarettes, sat back in his chair, and stared at the river in silence.• A passenger sitting next to me flung a coin into the river with great enthusiasm.• The river was dangerous here, still gnawing at the rim of the path.
across a river• Former railroad rights of way cut across river bottoms that used to be littered with bustling towns.• He claimed later to have invented a method of transporting armed men across rivers using pontoons for shoes.
river of• The cut caused a small river of blood to flow down his arm.
Origin river
(1200-1300) Old French rivere, from Latin riparius “of a river bank”, from ripa “bank, shore”
riv·er noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n USAGE1
→COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 876 COCA: 1327
river

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + RIVER | RIVER + VERB | RIVER + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤broad, great, large, long, mighty, wide寬闊的河流；大河；長河；浩蕩的河流◇the mighty River Nile浩蕩的尼羅河◇The river was too wide to swim across comfortably.這條河太寬了，很難輕鬆地游過去。➤major主要的河流◇major rivers such as the Congo剛果河之類的大河➤little, narrow, small小河；狹窄的河流▸➤deep深河▸➤shallow淺河▸➤high高的河面◇The river is still high after the recent rain.近來下過一場雨，河面現在仍然很高。➤low低的河面▸➤fast-flowing快速流淌的河流➤raging, rushing, white-water, wild洶湧的／奔騰的／湍急的／兇險的河流➤flowing, free-flowing流淌的河流▸➤lazy, slow-moving, sluggish流速緩慢的河流；緩緩流淌的河流➤frozen, icy冰凍的／冰封的河流▸➤meandering, winding蜿蜒的河流▸➤swollen漲水的河流◇The river was swollen after the floods.洪水過後這條河漲水了。➤navigable可航行的河流◇The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons.90 噸以下的船隻可以從這條河通過。➤underground地下河➤coastal, mountain沿海地區的／山間的河流➤freshwater淡水河➤tidal潮汐河流➤polluted受污染的河流➤sacred聖河◇the Ganges and other sacred rivers恆河及其他聖河➤salmon產鮭魚的河VERB + RIVER➤cross, ford, get across渡河；涉水過河；穿過河流◇We crossed the river by boat.我們乘船渡過了這條河。◇How are we going to get across the river?我們怎樣過這條河？➤swim游過河流◇We had to swim the river which is deep and very rapid.我們得游過這條既深又湍急的河流。➤follow順着河流走◇I had decided to follow the river to my destination.我決定順着河流走到目的地。➤bridge在河上架橋◇They've bridged the river at four points.他們在這條河的 4 個地方架起了橋梁。➤span橫跨河流◇The bridge once spanned the river Serein.這座橋曾經橫跨瑟蘭河。➤dam在河上築壩◇Wildlife groups are protesting against the proposal to dam the river.野生動植物保護團體正在抗議在河上築壩的提案。➤divert給河流改道◇plans to divert the river further north讓河流進一步向北改道的計劃➤dredge疏通河道◇They're dredging the river to make it safer for larger boats.他們正在疏通河道，以確保大船能更安全地通過。➤navigate在河上航行◇The rocks make the river hard to navigate.暗礁使得在這條河上航行很困難。RIVER + VERB➤flow, run, wind河水流動；河水奔流；河流蜿蜒◇This river flows into the Gulf of Mexico.這條河注入墨西哥灣。◇A river runs through the field.一條河穿過田地。◇The river winds its way through the hills.這條河蜿蜒着流過群山。➤rise河水上漲；河流發源◇The river has risen with the rains.因為下雨河水上漲了。◇The river rises in central Africa.這條河發源於非洲中部。➤be in flood, burst its banks, flood (sth), overflow sth河水泛濫；河流沖垮河岸；河流淹沒（⋯）；河水溢過⋯◇The river had overflowed its banks.河水漫過了河岸。➤dry up河流乾涸◇This river dried up long ago.這條河很久以前就乾涸了。RIVER + NOUN➤bank河岸➤bed, bottom河牀；河底▸➤water河水➤level河流水位◇when the river level is low河流水位低的時候➤basin, channel, delta, mouth, plain, valley江河流域；河道；三角洲；河口；沖積平原；河谷▸➤system水系▸➤crossing河流交匯處➤barge, boat, steamer內河駁船；河船；內河汽船➤traffic水上交通➤cruise, trip乘船巡遊；江河之旅➤rock (especially NAmE) 鵝卵石◇as smooth as river rocks像鵝卵石一樣光滑➤city, port, town水城；河港；水鎮◇a river town in Borneo婆羅洲的一座水鎮PREPOSITION➤across a/the river穿過河流◇There's a bridge across the river.河上有座橋。➤along a/the river, down a/the river沿着河流；順流而下◇We walked along the river.我們沿着河邊走。◇They sailed down the river.他們駕船順流而下。➤down by a/the river, down to a/the river沿河下行；下行到河邊◇Let's go down to the river at sunset.我們日落時向河邊走吧。➤into a/the river進入河流◇He dived into the river.他跳進了河裏。➤in a/the river在河裏◇Trout live in this river.這條河裏有鱒魚。➤on a/the river在河上◇There was a boat on the river.河上有條船。➤up a/the river逆流而上◇We were sailing up the river.我們正沿河逆流航行。➤river of (figurative) 巨流；大量◇a river of lava熔岩流PHRASES➤the banks, bottom, middle, side, surface, etc. of a river, the river's edge河岸、河底、河的中游、河邊、河面等；河邊◇They were waiting for us on the other side of the river.他們在河對面等着我們。➤a bend in the river河流的拐彎處➤the course of a river, the direction of a river河的流向
BNC: 876 COCA: 1327
river

noun

river ♦︎ stream ♦︎ canal ♦︎ waterway ♦︎ creek ♦︎ tributaryThese are all words for a flow of water in a channel in the ground. 这些词均表示河流、水道。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a narrow river / stream / canal / waterway◆an underground river / stream◆a river / stream / canal / creek / tributary flows◆a river / stream / canal / creek runs◆a river / stream / canal / tributary feeds a (larger) river, lake, etc.■ river [countable] a natural flow of water that continues in a long line across land to the sea or ocean 河；江◆They live in a houseboat on the river.他们住在河上的一间船屋。◆They have a house on the river (= beside it).他们在河边有栋房子。◆Eventually we came to the mouth of the River Thames (= where it enters the sea).最后，我们来到了泰晤士河的入海口。■ stream [countable] a small narrow river 小河；溪◆We waded across a little mountain stream.我们蹚过一条小山涧。■ canal kəˈnæl [countable] a long straight passage dug in the ground and filled with water for boats and ships to travel along; a smaller passage used for carrying water, for example to crops in a field 运河；灌溉渠◆The barge moved slowly along the canal.驳船缓缓地沿运河行驶。◆It is important to keep the irrigation canals clear of vegetation.保持灌溉渠不被生长的植物堵塞是很重要的。■ waterway ˈwɔːtəweɪ; NAmE ˈwɔːtərweɪ, ˈwɑːtəweɪ [countable] (rather formal) a river or canal along which boats can travel 水路；航道◆The Waterways Board controls over 3 600 km of inland waterways.水路管理局管理着长度超过3 600公里的内河航道。■ creek [countable] (NAmE, ) a small river or stream 小河；小溪◆He stood on the steep bank above Ray's Creek.他站在雷河陡峭的岸上。ⓘ In British English a creek is a narrow area of water where the sea flows into the land. 在英式英语中，creek指小海湾、小港湾◆They drove to the little creek where they kept their fishing boat.他们驱车来到小港湾，那里是他们停放渔船的地方。 ■ tributary ˈtrɪbjətri; NAmE trɪbjəteri [countable] a river or stream that flows into a larger river or lake （流入大河或湖泊的）支流◆We need to monitor the water quality of the tributaries that feed the lake.我们需要监测注入湖中各支流的水质。
BNC: 876 COCA: 1327

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