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fire

Word family 
fire1 /faɪə $ faɪr/ ●●● S1 W1 noun
1  flames that destroy things 毀壞東西的火焰 [countableC, uncountableU]FIRE uncontrolled flames, light, and heat that destroy and damage things 火；失火，火災
The warehouse was completely destroyed by fire.
倉庫全給燒毀了。
Thirty people died in a fire in downtown Chicago.
30人死於芝加哥市中心的一場火災。
Police think that the fire was started deliberately.
警方認爲有人故意縱火。
Rioters set fire to a whole row of stores (=made them start burning).
暴徒縱火焚燒了一整排商店。
non fire (=burning)
nWithin minutes, the entire building was on fire.
n Grammar
✗ Don’t say: in fire
→4  See picture of 見圖 fire
2  flames for heating/cooking etc 取暖/烹飪等用的火 [countableC]FIRE burning material used to heat a room, cook food etc, or get rid of things you do not want 爐火，竈火
You put up the tent and I’ll make a fire.
你搭帳篷，我來生火。
Can you help me light the fire?
你幫我點火好嗎？
The fire has almost gone out (=stopped burning).
火差不多滅了。
They all sat around the camp fire, singing songs.
他們全都坐在篝火旁唱歌。
The fire was still smouldering in the grate (=there was a little smoke and it had almost stopped burning).
爐膛裏仍有餘火。
by the fire/in front of the fire 坐到爐火前面來。
Come and sit by the fire.
坐到爐火前面來。
They dried their clothes in front of an open fire.
他們在明火前烘衣服。
3  heating equipment 取暖設備 [countableC] British EnglishBrEDHF a machine that produces heat to warm a room, using gas or electricity as power 取暖器，暖氣裝置
a gas fire
煤氣取暖器
an electric fire
電取暖器
turn the fire on/off
Turn on the fire, I’m cold.
開取暖器吧，我冷。
turn the fire up/down (=make it hotter or colder) 開大/關小取暖器
4  shooting 射擊 [uncountableU]SHOOT shots fired from a gun, especially many guns at the same time 射擊，火力
Troops opened fire on (=started shooting at) the demonstrators.
軍隊朝示威人群開槍。
These women did vital work, often under enemy fire.
這些女性的工作至關重要，而且往往是在敵人的炮火之下。
The rebels agreed to hold their fire (=not shoot).
叛亂分子同意停止射擊。
→ be in the line of fire at line1(35)
5  BE ATTACKED 遭受攻擊be/come under fire 
a) to be severely criticized for something you have done – used in news reports 受到嚴厲[猛烈]批評〔用於新聞報道〕
Rail chiefs came under fire after raising train fares.
火車票漲價之後，鐵路方面主管人員受到猛烈抨擊。
b) to be shot at 遭槍擊
be/come under fire from
Our patrol came under fire from rooftop gunmen.
我們的巡邏隊遭到了屋頂槍手的射擊。
Examples from the Corpus
fire from• Sir Derek came under fire from several shareholders.• Patrick is generally regarded as having been an aggressive enforcer of civil-rights laws and often came under fire from conservatives.• He, in turn, came under fire from conservative Republicans in his home state.• Clinton has come under fire from Republicans in Congress who accuse him of doing too little to fight drugs.• Its stance has come under fire from the president of the private sector's wood alliance, Corma.• Grain-based cereal prices already have come under fire from Capitol Hill, with a report in mid-March by Reps.
6  emotion 感情 [uncountableU]EMOTIONAL a very strong emotion that makes you want to think about nothing else 狂熱的情感，激情
fire of
the fire of religious fanaticism
宗教狂熱的烈火
7  fire in your belly a strong desire to achieve something 雄心壯志，強烈的願望
Ali returned to boxing with a new fire in his belly.
阿裏懷着重新燃起的鬥志返回拳壇。
Examples from the Corpus
fire in your belly• It stung the back of her throat and fired in her belly.• Three years later, he returned; heavier, slower, but with a new kind of fire in his belly.• You have got the fire in your belly that will make an excellent detective novel.
8. SICK/INJURED 生病的/受傷的be on fire literaryHURT/CAUSE PAIN a part of your body that is on fire feels very painful 〔身體某部位〕火辣辣地疼痛
Examples from the Corpus
be on fire• Here, some bright spark thought Windsor Castle was on fire and called the fire brigade!• He stabbed his chips like a killer and poured beer down his throat as though his guts were on fire.• Miguel opened his door and lunged as though his head were on fire.• They went willingly enough, but their hearts were on fire with jealousy.• It was impossible that these two whose hearts were on fire should be kept apart.• Before long the neighboring houses were on fire too.• They make the skin crawl like it is on fire, even as it is bathed in sweat.• The Steam Laundry was on fire.• If her cheeks had been hot when he arrived, they were on fire now.• Large areas of the forest are reported to be on fire.
9. light a fire under somebody American EnglishAmE spokenWORK THAT somebody DOES to do something that makes someone who is being lazy start doing their work 使某人〔指偷懶者〕加把勁
Examples from the Corpus
light a fire under somebody• They had come in the night and lit a fire under the stage.
10. go through fire (and water) (for somebody) old-fashionedDANGEROUS to do something very difficult and dangerous for someone （爲某人）赴湯蹈火
Examples from the Corpus
go through fire (and water) (for somebody)• I would have gone through fire for Peter Docherty.
11. fire and brimstone RRCa phrase describing Hell, used by some religious people 硫磺烈火〔一些宗教人士形容地獄的說法〕
Examples from the Corpus
fire and brimstone• But Geneva rules will apply, except in so far as fire and brimstone will be permitted on a strictly controlled basis.• She responded with some of her fire and brimstone stuff.• At 19 though, he had lost his fire and brimstone and was withdrawn and melancholy.• Reggie White delivered 10 minutes of fire and brimstone, condemning Williams as a devil in a blue-and-white uniform.• Yet for all his proverbial fire and brimstone, my father was not a violent man.
→ ceasefire, → add fuel to the fire/flames at add(9), → fight fire with fire at fight1(18), → get on like a house on fire at house1(11), → hang fire at hang1(12), → play with fire at play1(26), → set the world on fire at world1(26), → there’s no smoke without fire at smoke1(5)
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: uncontrolled flames, light, and heat that destroy and damage things 火；失火，火災
verbs
start a fire 生火，點火
The fire may have been started by a cigarette.
火災可能是由一支香煙引起的。
set fire to something/set something on fire (=make something start burning) 點着某物
A candle fell over, setting fire to the curtains.
一支蠟燭倒了，點着了窗簾。
something catches fire (=it starts burning) 某物着火
The boat caught fire and sank.
小船着火沉沒了。
put out a fire (also extinguish a fire formal) (=stop a fire burning) 滅火
Firemen successfully extinguished the fire.
消防員成功撲滅了大火。
fight a fire (=try to make a fire stop burning) 救火
Further attempts to fight the fire were abandoned.
放棄了繼續救火的嘗試。
a fire burns 火燃燒
The fire was burning more strongly every minute.
眼看着火越燒越旺。
a fire breaks out (=it starts suddenly) 失火
A fire broke out in the engine room.
輪機艙失火了。
a fire goes out (=it stops burning) 火熄滅
After several hours, the fire eventually went out.
幾個小時後，火終於熄滅了。
a fire rages/blazes (=it burns strongly for a long time over a large area) 大火肆虐
nFires were raging in the forest near Magleby.
a fire spreads 大火蔓延
nThe fire spread to the house next door.
something is damaged/destroyed by fire 某物毀於大火
nThe school was badly damaged by fire.
phrases
be on fire (=be burning) 着火
The whole house was on fire within minutes.
不消幾分鐘，整幢房子都燒了起來。
bring a fire under control 控制火勢
Firefighters took more than an hour to bring the fire under control.
消防員用一個多小時控制住了火勢。
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fire
a big/major fire 大火
A big fire was raging at the fuel depot.
油庫燃起大火。
a forest fire (=a very large fire in a forest) 森林火災
nGreece has suffered many forest fires this year.
na brush fire (=a very large fire in an area of grass)
There were frequent brush fires during the hot dry summers.
a house fire (=a fire that starts inside a house) 住宅火災
nFaulty electrical wiring is being blamed for a house fire.
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: burning material used to heat a room, cook food etc, or get rid of things you do not want 爐火，竈火
nverbs
make/build a fire
He found wood to make a fire.
start/light a fire
It was too damp to light a fire.
put something on the fire
Put another log on the fire.
cook something over a fire
They cooked strips of meat over a wood fire.
a fire smoulders (=a little smoke comes from a fire when it has almost gone out)
The fire was smouldering in the grate.
爐膛裏仍有餘火。
a fire dies down (=it burns less strongly)
The fire slowly died down.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fire
nan open fire (=a fire in a room that is not inside a stove etc)
Sophie warmed herself by the open fire.
na roaring fire (=a fire that is burning strongly)
I sat by the roaring fire and dried off.
na camp fire (=a fire that you make outside when you are camping)
In the evening we sat around the camp fire.
na coal/wood/log fire
There was a coal fire in the sitting room.
a gas fire 煤氣取暖器
nShe lit the gas fire and settled in front of the TV.
na real fire (=one that burns wood or coal)
There was a real fire blazing in the fireplace.
nphrases
the embers of a fire (=pieces of wood, coal etc that have almost been completely burned)
He stared at the glowing embers of the fire.
 THESAURUS
fire flames that burn in an uncontrolled way and destroy or damage things 火災
In April, a fire at the school destroyed the science block.
四月份,學校的一場大火燒毀了理科大樓。
a forest fire
森林火災
flames the bright parts of a fire that you see burning in the air 火焰
The flames from the burning building were lighting up the night sky.
失火大樓上騰起的火焰照亮了夜空。
blaze written a large and dangerous fire – used especially in news reports 烈火〔尤用於新聞報道〕
Firemen fought to keep the blaze under control.
消防員奮力控制火勢。
inferno written an extremely large and dangerous fire which is out of control – used especially in news reports 熊熊烈火，火海〔指難以控制的火勢；尤用於新聞報道〕
The entire building was on fire and hundreds of people were trapped in the inferno.
整幢大樓都在燃燒，數百人被困火海。
conflagration /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən $ ˌkɑːn-/ formal a very large fire that destroys a lot of buildings, trees etc 大火
The conflagration spread rapidly through the old town.
大火迅速蔓延整個古鎮。
Examples from the Corpus
fire• Georg Latzelberger, was destroyed in a forced-landing having been hit by both fighters and A.A. fire.• Eleven people died in a fire in Chicago early Monday.• The most commonly used pumps are submersible electric ones that pump out water through what looks like a fire hose.• The old man lit a fire in the stove of the front room.• The ship was hit by fire from a German plane.• We noticed that the enemy fire was now being directed at our part of the field.• A forest fire had been raging in the south and the sky in that direction had a deep red glow.• There was a sudden burst of machine gun fire.• There's nothing more comforting than a blazing log fire.• The rebel musketry fire was pouring... upon our men, who were closing together and rallying under the attack.• Most animals are afraid of fire.• It will not even perish by the flames of fire.• He thought that they would stay there, the track giving them visibility and line of fire.• My feet were on fire after the trek up the mountain.• The three main mast tips suddenly spout fire casting an eerie glow over the ship.• In the evenings the whole family would gather around the fire.• Police believe the fire in the store was started deliberately.• Could you bring in some wood for the fire?• You got the fire way up high.• Investigators say the fire probably broke out in the hotel kitchen.• Winds quickly spread the fire across the valley.• The fire was started by an electrical fault.• The fire quickly spread throughout the building.• When did humans first learn to use fire?
turn the fire on/off• He turned the fire off and sat down on the settee, looking at the woman all the while.
hold ... fire• Hold Fire to keep the shape attached; release it to send it flying.• The church has held them through fire and cholera epidemics since they arrived here with the compliments of the Bishop of London.• She found herself thinking, I have held my fire too long and lost the moment of action.• I held my fire until the enemy was within range.• It held passion and fire, it was a kiss of domination that asked for surrender yet promised surrender in return.• I am going to hold my fire until I see the whites of their eyes.• Thiercelin signalled to the sharpshooters manning the lower windows of the dining-room to hold their fire.• One could see the edges of the iron basket which held the fire.
fire of• Nothing could dampen the fire of his enthusiasm for music.
Related topics: Pottery & ceramics, Motor vehicles
fire2 ●●○ S3 W3 verb
1  shoot 射擊 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]SHOOT to shoot bullets or bombs 開（槍），開 （炮），發射
fire at/on/into
Soldiers fired on the crowd.
士兵朝人群開槍。
fire something at somebody
The police fired two shots at the suspects before they surrendered.
警察朝嫌犯開了兩槍他們才投降。
fire a gun/weapon/rifle etc (=make it shoot) 開槍/發射武器/擊發步槍等
the sound of a gun being fired
槍聲
fire bullets/missiles/rockets etc
Guerrillas fired five rockets at the capital yesterday, killing 23 people.
昨天，遊擊隊朝首都發射了5枚火箭彈，炸死23人。
► see thesaurus at shoot
2  job 工作LEAVE A JOB OR ORGANIZATION [transitiveT] to force someone to leave their job 開除，解僱 SYN British English sack
be/get fired
She didn’t want to get fired.
她不想被解僱。
fire somebody from something
I’ve just been fired from my job, and I don’t know what to do.
我剛被解僱，不知道該怎麽辦。
fire somebody for something
The airline fired him for being drunk.
航空公司因爲他醉酒把他開除了。
 Register
In written English, people usually say that someone is dismissed rather than fired, which is slightly informal: 在英語書面語中，人們一般說someone is dismissed，不說fired，因爲後者顯得不那麽正式
He was dismissed for being drunk.
他因醉酒而被開除。
3  excite 使激動 [transitiveT]EXCITEDINTERESTED to make someone feel interested in something and excited about it 使充滿熱情；激發，激勵 SYN inspire
be fired with enthusiasm
I was fired with enthusiasm to go traveling in Asia.
我滿懷熱情去亞洲旅行。
fire somebody’s enthusiasm/imagination
stories of magic and adventure that fire children’s imaginations
激發兒童想象力的魔法和歷險故事
4. QUESTIONS 問題fire questions at somebody ASK A QUESTIONto ask someone a lot of questions quickly, often in order to criticize them 對某人提出一連串質問
Examples from the Corpus
fire questions at somebody• The Professor had finished, and Ace and Daak were firing questions at her.• The young man took the seat behind the cold metal desk and began to fire questions at me.
5  wood-fired/gas-fired/coal-fired using wood, gas, or coal as fuel 燒木柴的/燒煤氣的/燒煤的
a gas-fired stove
煤氣爐
a coal-fired boiler
燃煤鍋爐
6  clay 黏土 [transitiveT]TIP to bake bricks, clay pots etc in a kiln 〔在窰裏〕燒制
fired earthenware
燒制好的陶器
7. engine 發動機 [intransitiveI]TTC if a vehicle’s engine fires, the petrol is lit to make the engine work 點火，啓動
8  be firing on all cylinders informalCRAZY to be thinking or doing something well, using all your mental abilities and energy 開足馬力，全力以赴
When the team’s firing on all cylinders, they can beat the best in the league.
那支球隊如果全力以赴，可以擊敗聯賽中的最強者。
Examples from the Corpus
be firing on all cylinders• The latter is a book in which the author is firing on all cylinders.• This company is firing on all cylinders.• Your Reticular Activating System is firing on all cylinders, your cortex is turning somersaults.
n THESAURUS
fire (also dismiss formal) to make someone leave their job, especially because they have done something wrong
He was fired for surfing the Internet during work time.
Harris was caught stealing, and was dismissed from his job.
sack/give somebody the sack British EnglishBrE informal to make someone leave their job, especially because they are not good at it, or because they have done something wrong
Bates was sacked from his job after the team failed to win any games.
His boss gave him the sack for taking too much time off work.
lay somebody off to make a lot of workers, especially workers in a large factory or organization, leave their jobs, because there is not enough work for them to do, or not enough money to pay their wages
3000 car workers have been laid off at the factory in Cleveland.
make somebody redundant British EnglishBrE to make someone leave their job because they are no longer needed
5 staff will be made redundant at the end of this month.
let somebody go to make someone leave their job, Used by employers to avoid saying directly that they are getting rid of people
We’ve had to let two members of staff go.
discharge to make someone leave their job in the army, air force etc
Grant had been discharged from the navy for threatening an officer.
ease somebody out to make someone leave their job in a way that makes it seem as if they have chosen to leave
He had been eased out of office in an attempt to prevent a political crisis.
relieve somebody of their post/position formal to make someone leave their job because they have done something wrong – used especially to avoid saying this directly, and also when the job is a powerful one
The colonel and two other senior officers were relieved of their posts.
 PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
fire• You're fired!• He regained his balance, took aim, and fired.• Suddenly the car stopped, and the passenger got out and fired a Kalashnikov rifle at the police car.• The company fired a top executive for his role in improper financial dealings.• Not only can he be fired again, but probably he will be fired again.• As soldiers jumped out of the lorries, firing all around, helicopter gunships appeared overhead.• No shot is fired and no further shots may be fired that game - the gun is now useless.• Chapa was fired at the same time as Lozano.• As soon as we crossed the border, enemy troops started firing at us.• The two hapless groups of men now mostly hid, endured, and awaited their opportunity to fire back or escape.• The system has previously undergone six months of preliminary tests in the same Redwood City neighborhood, with officers firing blanks.• Several shots were fired, but no one was injured.• She was fired for serious professional misconduct.• When Max was fired from his job the whole family had to pack up and leave town.• He was just impossible to work with, and in the end they fired him.• During the night the accused fired his air gun out of the window of his first-floor flat.• The police fired into the air to make the crowd break up.• He's getting ready to fire me, she thought.• Kendrick fired three shots at the President's car.
fire bullets/missiles/rockets etc• It had two lids which you closed once you were in, and instead of bullets, it fired rockets.• Police believe the weapon may have been a standard cartridge shotgun, specially adapted to fire bullets.• A gun is known to fire bullets at precisely three hundred and thirty meters per second.• There exist rifles which fire bullets faster than the speed of sound.• The guerrillas still fire rockets from well inside the security perimeter.• Gunshots crackled as police fired bullets into the air.• The device, which used a shotgun modified to fire bullets, was concealed in a wooden box hidden among trees.
be/get fired• After three or four losses, there were rumors that Paul was going to get fired.• And, even after that policy fell, it would be another decade before flight attendants could become pregnant without getting fired.• Not only can he be fired again, but probably he will be fired again.• She knew too much to be fired and she refused to be bought out with money or offers of promotion.• Gas-operated and self-loading from a thirty-round magazine, they could be fired from the shoulder or the hip.• The idea was to enclose the pottery to be fired in a chamber.• Some directory-assistance operators and installation and maintenance employees will be fired, Sheth predicts.• If Anderson does not accept terms at four, the orders are he shall be fired upon.
From Longman Business Dictionary
firefire /faɪəfaɪr/ verb [transitiveT]HUMAN RESOURCES
to dismiss someone from their jobSYN SACK
Lee Iacocca worked his way up to the presidency of Ford Motor Company, from which he was abruptly fired by Henry Ford II.
The government aimed to sell off state assets and fire about 80,000 workers.
fire somebody for something
The airline fired him for being drunk.
Origin fire1
Old English fyr

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