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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2322 COCA: 1680

shift

Word family 
Related topics: Motor vehicles
shift1 /ʃɪft/ ●●○ S3 W3 AWL verb  
1  move 移动
a) [intransitiveI, transitiveT]MOVE/CHANGE POSITIONMOVE something OR somebody to move from one place or position to another, or make something do this （使）移动，（使）转移
 Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.
乔听着，不安地把重心从一只脚转移到另一只脚。
 She shifted her gaze from me to Bobby.
她把目光从我身上移到博比身上。
b) [transitiveT] British EnglishBrE informalCARRY to move something, especially by picking it up and carrying it 移动；搬动
 Give me a hand to shift these chairs.
帮我挪一挪这几把椅子。
2  change attention 转移注意力 [transitiveT]ATTENTION to change a situation, discussion etc by giving special attention to one idea or subject instead of to a previous one 转移〔注意力等〕
shift something away/onto/from etc
 The White House hopes to shift the media’s attention away from foreign policy issues.
白宫希望把媒体的注意力从外交政策问题上转移开。
attention/emphasis/focus shifts
 In this stage of a rape case, the focus often shifts onto the victim and her conduct.
强奸案审理到这一阶段，焦点往往会转移到受害人以及她的行为上去。
shift gear American EnglishAmE (=change what you are doing) 转换行为
 It’s hard to shift gear when you come home after a busy day at work.
上班忙了一天回到家里很难回过神来。
3  change opinion 改变观点 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]CHANGE YOUR MIND if someone’s opinions, beliefs etc shift, they change 转变；改变〔意见、信仰等〕
 Public opinion was beginning to shift to the right (=become more right-wing).
公众舆论开始右倾。
 shifting attitudes towards marriage
逐渐转变的婚姻观
 He refused to shift his ground (=change his opinion).
他拒绝改变自己的立场。
4  shift the blame/responsibility (onto somebody) RESPONSIBLEto make someone else responsible for something, especially for something bad that has happened 推卸责任（给某人）
 It was a clear attempt to shift the responsibility for the crime onto the victim.
这显然是想把罪责推给受害者。
Examples from the Corpus
shift the blame/responsibility (onto somebody)• In other words that they were shifting the blame.• Penney also shifted the responsibilities and titles of several other executives in different regions.• He had to shift the blame, find a sacrificial victim.• Her comments on Radio Derby came as Tories tried to shift the blame for Britain's economic ills elsewhere.• Time after time, ministers have tried to shift the blame for rising unemployment to the down-turn in the world economy.• It shifts the blame to belief.• A third means of avoiding responsibility consists of shifting the blame to even higher officials.• Leaving the abusive marriage, or divorcing him, will be branded desertion or a sin, shifting the blame to her.
5  costs/spending 费用/开支 [transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]BF to change the way that money is paid or spent 改变〔钱的用途〕 SYN direct
 the need to shift more resources towards reducing poverty
把更多的财力转到减少贫困上去的需要
6  dirt/marks 污垢/污迹 [transitiveT] British EnglishBrECLEANWASH to remove dirt or marks from a surface or piece of clothing 除去〔表面或衣服上的污迹〕
 a new washing powder that will shift any stain
一种能洗掉任何污的新型洗衣粉
7  in a car 在汽车里 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] especially American EnglishAmETTC to change the gears when you are driving 换（挡），调（挡） SYN British English change
 I shifted into second gear.
我换到二挡。
8  sell 销售 [transitiveT] British EnglishBrE informal to sell a product, especially a lot of it 〔尤指大量〕销售，出售
 The store shifted over 1,000 copies of the book last week.
这本书上周在这家书店里售出了1,000多册。
Examples from the Corpus
shift• But if the expected rate of inflation changes then the Phillips curve will shift.• However, the bullet in Rocio brain is moving, shifting.• Blood stains are very difficult to shift.• When are you going to shift all this rubbish? It's making the place look a real mess.• The planet as a whole will be moving with respect to the Earth, and this will shift all wavelengths in the pulse.• shifting attitudes toward homosexuality• Investors were shifting funds from U.S. to Asian stocks.• She shifted her gaze from me to Bobby with a look of suspicion.• The leather armchair creaked as Roberts shifted his bulk.• Tell Alan to shift his feet so Maggie can sit down.• The sofa is stuck in the doorway and I can't shift it.• There is a strong need to shift more resources toward health care.• It could also hurt the software industry, although companies working on the Internet Box say it would just shift software sales.• There's no point trying to shift the car by ourselves -- we'll have to get a truck to pull us out.• Come on Des, give me a hand to shift these and then we can go home.• I've washed the tablecloth three times, but I can't seem to shift these stains.• Notice also that the distribution is shifted to higher speeds at a higher temperature.• The text on the screen will shift to the left, some off the edge of the screen and out of view.• The sun had shifted to the west.• The building's foundation has shifted, which is why there are cracks in the plaster.
shift gear• Engines with good torque back-up handle a wide load changes without the need to shift gear.• He follows me on foot and tells me how to shift gears.• I just keep it spinning until it gets to a point where it's not making more power and then shift gears.• Would I be able to shift gears and be a gregarious host?• She looked at the strong hand as it shifted gears and continued resting on the lever.• There's good torque for clean response and brisk pick-up after shifting gear, but high-end engine output is nothing startling.• In the next few years the Supreme Court may shift gears or even reverse course.
shift ... ground• Among more radical monetarists and free marketeers there remains disappointment that the government had not done more to shift the middle ground.• That said, agreements must be reached, and all parties will need to shift their ground.• Only in the last respect has Anderson shifted his ground substantially.
shift ... stain• They seek her advice on how to shift stains without bleach and how to go green on a budget.
Related topics: Employment, Computers
shift2 ●●○ AWL noun [countableC]  
1  CHANGE YOUR MINDa change in the way people think about something, in the way something is done etc 〔想法、做法等的〕改变，转变
shift from/to
 the shift from one type of economic system to another
从一种经济体系向另一种经济体系的转变
shift in
 an important shift in policy
政策上的重大改变
 a marked shift (=noticeable change) in attitudes towards women
对女性态度的明显变化
2 
a) BEJOB/WORKif workers in a factory, hospital etc work shifts, they work for a particular period of time during the day or night, and are then replaced by others, so that there are always people working 〔工厂、医院等轮班制中的〕当班时间
do/work a (10-/12-/24- etc hour) shift
 Dave had to work a 12-hour shift yesterday.
戴夫昨天要上一个12小时的班。
 I work shifts.
我轮班工作。
night/day etc shift
 The thought of working night shifts put her off becoming a nurse.
想到要上夜班，她就打消了当护士的念头。
early/late shift
 I’m on the early shift tomorrow.
明天我要上早班。
shift work/worker/working
 people who do shift work
做轮班工作的人
 A shift system has been introduced.
实行了轮班工作制。
b) WORKERGROUP OF PEOPLEthe workers who work during one of these periods 轮班工人
night/day/early/late shift
 before the early shift goes off duty
在早班工人下班之前
3  TDa shift key 〔键盘上的〕shift键，换挡键
4. (also shift dress) a simple straight loose-fitting woman’s dress 直筒连衣裙
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: a change in the way people think about something, in the way something is done etc
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + shift
a big/major shift
There has recently been a big shift in the way people are accessing information.
a significant/marked shift (=big and noticeable)
There has been a significant shift in government policy on education.
a fundamental shift (=a complete change)
A fundamental shift in attitudes was underway.
a sudden shift
She immediately picked up his sudden shifts of mood.
a dramatic shift (=a big and sudden change)
Increased spending on the armed forces marks a dramatic shift in priorities.
a small/slight shift
There has been only a slight shift in income distribution.
a gradual shift
There has been a gradual shift in people’s attitudes towards cars.
a subtle shift (=a change which is small and not easy to notice)
Recently there has been a subtle shift in public opinion about the environment.
a policy shift
The policy shift was triggered by a sharp increase in violent crime.
a cultural shift
We all know there were cultural shifts in the 1960s that significantly changed our society.
verbs
mark/represent a shift
The idea represents a dramatic shift in health care policy.
cause/bring about a shift
The affair has brought about a shift in the government’s attitude towards immigration.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2:
verbs
work a shift
They work quite long shifts.
do a shift
I did a 12-hour shift yesterday.
work in shifts
We had to work in shifts – four hours on and four off.
be on shift (=be working a shift)
He hardly sees the kids when he’s on shift.
be on the late/early/night etc shift (=be working a particular shift)
She’s on the late shift.
be on day/night shifts (=be working a series of day or night shifts)
He’s on night shifts all next week.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + shift
a night shift
She found it hard to stay awake during her night shifts at the factory.
a day shift
He’s going to be on day shifts for five days.
a morning/afternoon/evening shift
All the machines are cleaned at the end of every afternoon shift.
an early/late shift
Nobody wants to do the late shift.
a 12-hour/16-hour etc shift
We used to work eight-hour shifts.
the graveyard shift informal (=a shift that begins late at night or very early in the morning)
He chose to work the graveyard shift because the pay was slightly better.
a double shift (=when someone works two shifts one after the other)
He is only halfway through a 20-hour double shift.
shift + NOUN
shift work/working (=working shifts)
Does the job involve shift work?
a shift worker
The meetings are at different times so that shift workers have an opportunity to attend.
a shift system (=a system in which people work shifts)
A shift system was introduced in the department last year.
Examples from the Corpus
shift• The new emphasis on human rights was a shift away from the policies of Nixon.• There has been a big shift in attitudes towards sex during the past 50 years.• The circuit of a 2-bit shift register is shown in Fig. 18.• It required six technicians to operate it on each shift.• With the end of the medieval period, however, a gradual shift in viewpoint took place.• The great shift toward less fatty beef and more chicken is a great, heart-healthy move.• At Ellesmere Port a foreman and seven fitters run a 24 hour operation in two main shifts.• We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.• But what kind of shift is involved?• He is very worried about the shift towards free market thinking in Eastern Europe.• Members of all three shifts were milling about the circular room: repeating rumours, distorting facts and generally hyping themselves up.
shift from/to• A shift to the afternoons may end his nine-cups-of-coffee wake-up habit.• The orchestra swells and the canopy shifts to a subtle blue as its 2 million lights come alive.• If the question of control shifts from project planning to implementation, however, the federal role appears to be greater.• The nature of competition has shifted from the war of all against all to competition between fluid networks of complementary companies.• a major shift from manufacturing to service industries• The numbers shift to the left because the tab-align code is still in the text. 6.• Also practise the position shift from low to high and back.• The Boston economy expanded rapidly during the 1970s and the shift from a manufacturing to a service base accelerated during that time.• Still, the shift from slave to non-slave labour was striking.
do/work a (10-/12-/24- etc hour) shift• In the early 1950s Highlander work shifted to make educational programs on the civil rights issue its major priority.• Her husband worked shifts so evening study would be difficult.• I am a nurse working shifts and enjoyed, and needed, early nights and morning lie-ins.• Our 68 staff work 12 hour shifts giving a 24 hour service.• People who do shift work often choose far longer hours than the basic hours that the Labour party would have them work.
From Longman Business Dictionary
shiftshift1 /ʃɪft/ noun [countableC]
1HUMAN RESOURCESone of the set periods of time during each day and night when a group of workers in a factory etc are at work before being replaced by another group of workers
She works an eight-hour shift.
Are you on the day shift or the night shift?
→ back shift → graveyard shift → split shift → swing shift
2HUMAN RESOURCESthe group of workers who work shifts
The night shift was just about to go off duty.
3a change in the way people think about something, in the way something is done etc
shift in
The best way to measure shifts in a country’s exchange rate is to use its trade-weighted exchange rate.
shift from/to
the shift from private to institutional shareholders
The shift to larger out-of-town sites has influenced consumer spending patterns.
→ paradigm shift
4COMPUTINGthe SHIFT KEY on a computer keyboard that you press to print a capital letter
shiftshift2 verb [transitiveT]COMMERCE
to move or sell something
This deal is the key to shifting about A$3 billion of debt off the balance sheet.
We shifted 10,000 units last week.
Origin shift1
Old English sciftan “to divide, arrange”
shift1 verbshift2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2322 COCA: 1680
shift

noun¹

 1change改變ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHIFT | SHIFT + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤distinct, dramatic, fundamental, huge, important, major, marked, massive, profound, pronounced, radical, seismic, significant, substantial明顯的變化；急劇的變化；根本的改變；巨大的變化；重大的變化；顯著的變化；影響深遠的改變；徹底的變革◇There has been a major shift in the public's taste.公眾的欣賞品味產生了巨大的變化。◇a significant shift in policy政策的重大改變➤discernible, perceptible可辨的／可察覺的變化▸➤slight, subtle細微的／微妙的變化▸➤gradual逐漸的變化▸➤abrupt, rapid, sudden意外的／迅速的／突然的改變▸➤decisive, irreversible, long-term決定性的／不可逆轉的／長期的變化▸➤climate, cultural, demographic, ideological, policy, population, power氣候變化；文化變遷；人口變化；意識形態轉變；政策變化；權力轉移➤paradigm (= an important change in the way sth is thought about) 思維範式轉變◇Einstein's theories caused a paradigm shift in scientific thought.愛因斯坦的理論引發了科學思維範式的轉變。VERB + SHIFT➤be, mark, represent意味着／標誌着／代表變化◇These proposals represent a dramatic shift in policy.這些提議表明了政策的重大變化。➤indicate, reflect, signal表明／反應／標誌變化◇The moment signals a significant shift in attitudes to the war.這一時刻標誌着對戰爭的態度有了重大轉變。➤show顯示變化▸➤detect, notice, observe, see, witness察覺／注意／觀察／看到／目睹變化◇I detected a subtle shift towards / toward our point of view.我察覺到了一絲傾向贊同我方所持觀點的細微變化。➤bring about, cause, drive, lead to, produce, result in帶來變化；引起變化；推動轉變；產生變化；導致轉變➤experience, undergo經歷／經受改變◇The industry has undergone a fundamental shift in recent years.這個行業近年來經歷了根本性的變化。◇The toy industry is undergoing a seismic shift as more products are manufactured overseas.因越來越多的產品在海外生產，玩具行業正經歷一場巨大的變革。➤explain解釋變化◇one factor which may explain the president's policy shift也許可以解釋總統政策變化的一個因素SHIFT + VERB➤occur, take place變化發生◇These climate shifts occurred over less than a decade.這些氣候變化是在不到 10 年的時間內出現的。PREPOSITION➤shift between⋯之間的變化◇the many shifts between verse and prose that occur in Shakespeare莎士比亞作品中在詩體和散文體之間的諸多轉換➤shift (away) from背離⋯的變化◇the shift away from direct taxation從直接稅的轉變➤shift in在⋯方面的變化◇a shift in public opinion民意的改變◇a shift in attitude / opinion / perspective態度的／觀點的／角度的改變◇a shift in emphasis / mood / tone着重點的／心情的／語氣的變化◇a shift in direction / focus / policy / strategy方向的／焦點的／政策的／策略的改變➤shift to向⋯的變化◇a sudden shift to the right in politics政治上的突然右傾➤shift towards/toward朝⋯的變化◇a shift towards / toward part-time farming向兼營農業的轉變
shift

noun²

 2division of the working day工作日的時段ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHIFT | SHIFT + VERB | SHIFT + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤double, long, split (especially BrE) 兩班制；長班；輪班◇I agreed to work double shifts for a few weeks.我同意上幾週雙班。➤day, early白班；早班➤late, swing (NAmE) 晚班；（三班制中的）中班➤graveyard, night, overnight夜班▸➤eight-hour, ten-hour, etc. * 8 小時、10 小時等輪班制▸➤afternoon, evening, morning, weekend下午班；晚班；上午班；週末班VERB + SHIFT➤do, work輪班◇I'm doing the early shift this week.這週我上早班。◇He works the night shift.他上夜班。◇I didn't realize that I'd have to work shifts.我沒想到我還得輪班。➤be on, come on, go on當班▸➤be off, come off, finish, go off下班▸➤change交班；換班◇It was 8 a.m. and the nurses were changing shifts.早上 8 點，護士們正在交班。◇My husband changed his shifts from afternoons to nights.我丈夫已換了當班時間，從下午班變成了夜班。SHIFT + VERB➤begin, start (especially NAmE) 輪班開始➤end輪班結束➤change換班SHIFT + NOUN➤work輪班作業▸➤manager, supervisor, worker當班經理／主管／工人▸➤pattern, system (both BrE) 輪班模式；倒班制◇They'd altered his shift pattern twice in the past month.上個月他們讓他換了兩次班。➤change換班◇The shift change took place at 10 p.m.換班時間是晚上 10 點。PREPOSITION➤in shifts輪班◇The clinic is staffed by ten doctors who work in shifts.診所共 10 位醫生輪班應診。➤on a/the shift值班◇a decision for the chief nurse on each shift各班次值班護士長需作的決定
shift

verb¹

 1move移動ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤slightly稍稍移動◇Julie shifted her position slightly and smiled.朱莉稍微換了一下姿勢，笑了。➤impatiently, nervously, restlessly, uncomfortably, uneasily不耐煩地／緊張地／焦躁不安地／不自在地／不安地移動◇She shifted uncomfortably in her chair.她在椅子上不自在地動來動去。➤away移開PREPOSITION➤from從⋯轉移◇She shifted her gaze away from the group of tourists.她把目光從這群遊客身上移開。➤onto移到⋯上◇He shifted his weight onto his left foot.他把身體的重量移到左腳上。➤to移向⋯◇Her eyes shifted to his face.她的目光移到了他的臉上。PHRASES➤shift from foot to foot兩隻腳來回換▸➤shift in your chair, shift in your seat在椅子上／在座位上動來動去
shift

verb²

 2change變化ADVERB | VERB + SHIFT | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤dramatically, markedly, radically顯著／明顯／根本改變◇The emphasis has shifted markedly in recent years.最近幾年重點已經明顯改變了。➤slightly稍微改變▸➤effectively有效更換▸➤simply簡單變更◇We cannot simply shift the responsibility onto someone else.我們不能簡單地把責任推給別人。➤gradually, slowly逐漸／慢慢改變▸➤quickly, rapidly迅速／快速改變▸➤suddenly突然轉變▸➤constantly, continually不斷地／不停地變更◇constantly shifting alliances不斷變更的同盟➤away從⋯移走◇Government grants are being shifted away from the capital to the regions.政府撥款正逐步從首都轉向地方。VERB + SHIFT➤attempt to, try to試圖改變◇They tried to shift the blame onto the government.他們試圖把責任推給政府。➤tend to傾向於更改▸➤begin to開始更改PREPOSITION➤(away) from從⋯轉移◇I felt the advantage had suddenly shifted away from us.我感到我們突然失去了優勢。➤back, back and forth改回；變來變去◇Like many plays, this one shifts back and forth in time and place.和許多劇一樣，這個劇也是在時空上來回變換。➤into (NAmE) 轉變到⋯◇to shift into second gear換到二擋➤out of轉移出⋯◇In recent years, manufacturing has shifted out of the US.近年來，製造業已經轉移到美國境外。➤onto, to轉到⋯上；轉向⋯◇His sympathies rapidly shifted to the side of the workers.他的同情心很快轉到了工人一邊。➤towards/toward朝⋯轉移◇These changes will shift the balance more towards / toward science subjects.這些變化將進一步使天平向理科傾斜。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2322 COCA: 1680
shift noun
⇨ change 1 (a shift in public opinion) ⇨ team 1 (the night/day shift)shift verb
⇨ change 1 (shift the focus of a debate) ⇨ change 2 (your sympathies shift) ⇨ move (shift your weight/gaze)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2322 COCA: 1680

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