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BNC: 56 COCA: 54

year

Word family 
Related topics: Chronology
year /jɪə, jɜː $ jɪr/ ●●● S1 W1 noun [countableC]  
1  12 months 十二个月TMC a period of about 365 days or 12 months, measured from any particular time 年；年度；岁
 I arrived here two years ago.
我两年前来到这里。
 We’ve known each other for over a year.
我们相识一年多了。
 It’s almost a year since Sue died.
休去世快一年了。
 Jodi is 15 years old.
约迪15岁。
 a three-year business plan
三年的业务发展计划
 a four-year-old child
四岁的孩子
be 12/21 etc years of age (=be 12/21 etc years old) 12岁/21岁等
→ financial year, fiscal year, light year, tax year
2  january to december 一月至十二月 (also calendar year)TMC a period of 365 or 366 days divided into 12 months beginning on January 1st and ending on December 31st 历年
 the year that Kennedy died
肯尼迪去世那一年
 in the year 1785
在1785年
this/last/next year
 They moved here at the beginning of this year.
他们是今年年初搬来这里的。
 last year’s cup final
去年的足总杯决赛
 She goes there every year.
她每年都去那里。
 The museum attracts 100,000 visitors a year.
博物馆每年吸引十万名游客。
 in the early years of the last century
在上世纪初
→ leap year, New Year
3  years 
a) informalLONG TIME a very long period of time 多年；很长时间，长久 SYN ages
 It’s years since I rode a bike.
我很久没骑自行车了。
in/for years
 I haven’t been there for years.
我已很久没去那里了。
 It was the first time in years I’d seen her.
那是多年来我第一次见到她。
b) AGEage, especially old age 年纪，岁数〔尤指高龄〕
a man/woman/person etc of his/her etc years
 Gordon is very active for a man of his years.
戈登对于他这个年龄的人来说算是很活跃了。
getting on in years (=no longer young) 年事渐高，不再年轻
Examples from the Corpus
in/for years• This neglect of walking has been apparent for years.• Clem Streeter told his story around Catskill for years.• I have done it for years.• Miles wondered whether his cousin Matt, who had lived for years in Kansas, found it to be gray there.• H., have been silent for years.• I haven't been there for years.• It was the first time in years I had seen Kathy smiling.• The road was narrow and twisting, the surface frequently broken, and left unrepaired for years because of the war.• No ordinary person wants them any more, though they will for years to come provide talking points for the chattering classes.
4  all (the) year round during the whole year 全年
 It’s warm enough to swim all year round.
这里很暖和，全年都可以游泳。
→ year-round
Examples from the Corpus
all (the) year round• Soon, the pests were everywhere, all year round.• Centrally heated and open all year round.• Seasons: The crag faces west, is sited just above the sea and climbing is generally possible all year round.• Most importantly, the Conquistadores use the proceeds from the tournament to help fund local youth sports all year round.• It is warm all year round, with warm summers, mild winters and moderate rainfall.• Hours 4 1/2 hours a week, 45 hours total. * Intensive courses: Duration 2-4 weeks, all year round.• We have witches all year round.
5  year by year SLOWas each year passes 一年一年地，逐年
 Business has steadily increased year by year.
业务逐年稳步增长。
Examples from the Corpus
year by year• Year by year, things are getting worse.• Because so much has been put into making such fine volumes, they have tended to increase in value year by year.• But though I refused to age, the students and the other teachers grew younger year by year.• Instead of claiming it year by year, you just fill in a form when you apply for your mortgage.• The car-less core has been expanded year by year, as more neighborhoods have wanted it.• The issues involved in a healthy environment grow year by year.• The pay-back is more evident year by year, as increasingly the focus is on speciality films.• Their living conditions are getting worse year by year, politicians are corrupt, often are not held accountable.• Yet year by year, the day of reckoning grows closer, and nothing is being done.
6  year after year/year in, year outyear out year after year/year in CONTINUOUSevery year for many years 年年，年复一年
 Many birds return to the same spot year after year.
许多鸟类年年都回到同一个地方。
7  PERIOD OF LIFE/HISTORY 人生阶段/历史时期years [plural] a particular period of time in someone’s life or in history 〔人生或历史中的〕某一特定时间段，时期
8. the school/academic year the time within a period of 12 months when students are studying at a school or university 学年
Examples from the Corpus
the school/academic year• To bring together these keys to the curriculum, the school year is organized around themes.• The Counselling Service offers a number of group workshops and skills acquisition classes during the academic year.• The paper was discussed by branches and Federations during the academic year 1956-57 and at the District Council of July 1957.• Alvin was to stay behind to finish the school year.• In the academic year 1990/91, work by the staff of the Department led to two national awards.• A dud for most of the year, with peaks at the start of the school year and at Christmas.• That uncertainty arose after a $ 10 million budget shortfall surfaced in July, days before the start of the school year.• The Transit minibus will be used for outings and visits throughout the school year.
9  school/university level 中小学/大学年级 especially British EnglishBrE a particular level that a student stays at for one year 年级
10  first/second etc year British EnglishBrESECLASS/GROUP OF STUDENTS someone who is in their first etc year at school or university 一年级/二年级等的学生
Examples from the Corpus
first/second etc year• Oryx Energy, like Melville, made the list for a second year in a row.• In her second year, she met Edgar Lintot.• By his second year, he said, nearly 30 schools were sending him letters.• He had discussed this throughout his first year but had found no solution.• Everything about it has helped me to grapple with the intricacies of machine knitting in this, my second year.• That first year, by happy accident, the itinerary was set for every ride that has followed.• Early in the first year his behaviour pattern was showing dips and troughs.
11  musician/player/car etc of the year the musician etc who was voted the best in a particular year 年度最佳音乐人/运动员/汽车等
Examples from the Corpus
musician/player/car etc of the year• Then came the news of Price, the two-time City 4-A Player of the Year.• On defense, Mutombo, the three-time defensive player of the year, hung around the lane to block and alter shots.• A former Car of the Year winner, it has done well on the Continent but has been under-rated here.• Going up against league player of the year Mary Raskauskas, Thompson tallied 17 points and 10 rebounds.• All won national Player of the Year honors during their Bruins careers.• Jeff was voted their Player of the Year last season, but they've let me have him for six months.
12  year on year compared with the previous year 与去年相比
13  never/not in a million years spokenNEVER used to say that something is extremely unlikely 决不会，永不
Examples from the Corpus
never/not in a million years• You won't get Kieran to agree - not in a million years!• He was rich as Croesus, something he had never expected to be, not in a million years.• You'd never in a million years see a dancing man in a field in the country.• There was no point in all of this: she would never believe him. Not in a million years.• Never. Not in a million years.• No parent is going to believe this pigtail story, not in a million years.• I still had to find Wally and attempt to explain what I would never in a million years be able to explain.• It is based on a true story so outrageous that it would never in a million years have passed muster as fiction.• The real reason for her lack of promotion, she knew, would never in a million years occur to him.
14  the year dot British EnglishBrE informal a very long time ago 很久以前
Examples from the Corpus
the year dot• The two bungalows in question, though, had been standing from the year dot.• Traditionally, scientists have been involved in war since the year dot.
15  put years on somebody/take years off somebody SEEMto make someone look or feel older or younger 使某人显得老/年轻
→ donkey’s years at donkey(2)
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with year
last year/this year etc
Don’t use in with these words:
You say last year:
They got married last year.
✗Don’t say: They got married in last year.
You say this year:
I will turn 16 this year.
✗Don’t say: I will turn 16 in this year.
You say next year:
She’s going on a trip to England next year.
✗Don’t say: She’s going on a trip to England in next year.
You say that year:
We had a lot of rain that year.
✗Don’t say: We had a lot of rain in that year.
a year
You use a year when saying how many times in a year something happens:
I only see my sister about twice a year.
✗Don’t say: I only see my sister about twice in a year.
in the year ...
You use in the year when saying the year when something happens:
In the year 2050 sea levels could be much higher.
The record was a hit in the year that I was born.
all year
You use all year when talking about something that happens during every part of a year:
There is enough snow here to ski all year.
✗Don’t say: There is enough snow here to ski all the year.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: a period of 365 or 366 days divided into 12 months beginning on January 1st and ending on December 31st 历年
adjectives
this year
She will be eight this year.
next year
I might go to law school next year.
last year
Last year we spent a lot on the house.
every year
They go back to the same resort every year.
the current year
The budget for the current year was £13 million.
the coming year (=the year that is about to start)
Here are some events to look out for in the coming year.
the past year
Over the past year everyone has worked extremely hard.
the previous year
They had married the previous year.
the following year
The following year he was made captain of the team.
the new year (=used to talk about the beginning of the next year)
The report is due at the beginning of the new year.
phrases
the beginning/start of the year
They moved here at the beginning of last year.
他们是今年年初搬来这里的。
the end of the year
Work should finish around the end of the year.
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 7:
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + years
early years 早年
Little is known about his early years.
他的早年生活鲜为人知。
nHe remembers the early years of television.
the last/latter/closing years of something 某事物的最后几年
He changed his opinion during the last years of his life.
他晚年改变了观点。
somebody’s childhood/teenage years 某人的童年/少年时代
the home in which she spent her childhood years
她童年时代的家
the war years 战争年代
She worked for the BBC during the war years.
在战争年代里，她为英国广播公司工作。
the boom years (=when an economy or industry is very successful) 繁荣时代
nIn the boom years, things weren’t too bad.
nsomebody’s retirement years
He enjoyed his retirement years in Wales.
the Bush/Blair etc years (=when Bush, Blair etc was leader) 布什/布莱尔等时代
nThe rich did very nicely during the Thatcher years.
phrases
in recent years 在近几年
The number of cases has risen dramatically in recent years.
近几年病例数量大幅上升。
in later years 在晚年
In later years he regretted their argument.
在晚年他后悔他们争吵过。
in years gone by (=in the past) 在过去的岁月里
nThe old fort defended the island in years gone by.
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘in ancient years’ or ‘in the ancient years’. Say in ancient times or long ago.
不要说 ‘in ancient years’ 或 ‘in the ancient years’。 而要说 in ancient times 或 long ago。
Examples from the Corpus
year• Jared is 15 years old.• I hated teaching the fifth year. They were always causing trouble.• He works a lot harder than most of the students in his year.• There are 130 children in the second year.• Jackie has worked here for several years.• The lease expires at the end of the year.• the year 2002• I moved here two years ago.
be 12/21 etc years of age• Almost every one of the 276 non-standard entrants in this sample were 21 years of age or over.
in a year• Moran said the work will probably begin in a year.• We did better in the last few weeks with the new record than we did in a year with the last one.• It's the first time I've heard her laugh in years ... years and years.• The delays are always measured in years, and some plaintiffs die in the interim.• Minuses: A quietly emotive, unshowy performance in a year of attention-getting female roles.• I think that in years to come they are bound to be looked back on as an aberration.• It was the second big explosion there in a year.• I am sixteen and therefore in year eleven at high school.
From Longman Business Dictionary
yearyear /jɪə, jɜːjɪr/ written abbreviation yr noun [countableC]
1 (also calendar year) the period of time beginning on January 1 and ending on December 31
The Small Business Administration arranged 55,000 small business loans last year.
2any period of time equal to about 12 months
My passport expires in a year.
→ financial year → fiscal year → tax year
Origin year
Old English gear
year noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1
→COLLOCATIONS2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 56 COCA: 54
year

noun¹

 1period of 12 months; period from January till December年；一年ADJECTIVE | VERB + YEAR | YEAR + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤last, past上一年；去年◇The chart shows our performance over the past year.這張圖顯示出我們在過去一年裏的表現。➤past, preceding, previous, recent過去的一年；之前的一年；前一年；最近一年◇The event has not proved popular in past years.在過去的幾年裏這項活動已證明不受歡迎。◇They had met once the previous year.他們在前一年曾經見過一次面。➤current本年度➤given, single某年；一年◇the death rate in any given year任何年份的死亡率◇I paint the house every single year.我每年都把房子粉刷一遍。➤coming, ensuing, following, future, next, subsequent來年；次年；翌年；未來的一年；明年；隨後的一年◇We have high hopes for the coming year.我們對即將到來的一年寄以厚望。◇She died the following year.第二年她死了。◇We aim to do even better in future years.我們打算在未來的幾年裏做得更好。➤consecutive, straight, successive連年；連續的一年；接連的一年◇She won the race for the third successive year.她連續三年贏得了這項比賽。➤alternate隔年▸➤new新的一年◇We're going skiing early in the new year.我們打算在新年之初去滑雪。➤final (especially BrE) 最後一年◇final-year university students畢業班的大學生➤entire, full, whole一整年；完整的一年；整整一年➤long, short漫長的／短暫的一年◇We worked for five long years on this project.我們這個項目幹了 5 年之久。➤20-odd, 30-odd, etc. * 20 多年、30 多年等◇I visited Morocco 20-odd years ago.我 20 多年前去過摩洛哥。➤banner, golden, good, great, happy, profitable輝煌的／極好的／很好的／了不起的／幸福的／盈利的一年◇the golden years of motoring駕車旅行的黃金年份➤big, memorable, momentous重要的一年；難忘的一年▸➤peak, record高峰年；破紀錄的一年◇a peak year for exports出口高峰年➤bad, hard, lean, poor, tough糟糕的／困難的／不景氣的／差勁的／艱難的一年▸➤calendar歷年▸➤leap閏年▸➤academic, school學年➤freshman, junior, senior, sophomore (all in the US) 大學一年級／三年級／四年級／二年級➤gap (BrE) 間隔年◇He was on a gap year before going to university.他上大學前度過了一年間隔年。➤financial, fiscal, tax (especially BrE) 財務／財政／納稅年度▸➤election選舉年▸➤sabbatical（大學教師的）休假年◇He spent his sabbatical year doing research in Moscow.他把自己的學術年假用於在莫斯科做研究。➤rookie (NAmE, sport體育) 入運動隊的第一年▸➤light (often figurative) 很長時間◇The new range puts us light years ahead of the competition.這個新的系列讓我們遠遠領先於競爭對手。VERB + YEAR➤spend花⋯年的時間◇He spent last year trying to get a new job.他去年一整年都在找新工作。➤take用⋯年的時間◇It took him ten years to qualify as a vet.他用了 10 年的時間才獲得獸醫資格。➤celebrate慶祝⋯年◇Next month, they will celebrate fifty years of marriage.下個月他們慶祝結婚 50 週年。➤put on, take off使見老；使顯得年輕◇His wife's death has put years on him (= made him look / feel much older).妻子的去世使他見老了。◇Careful make-up and styling can take years off you (= make you look much younger).精心的化妝和頭髮造型能使人顯得年輕。YEAR + VERB➤begin, start⋯年開始▸➤end, finish⋯年結束▸➤elapse, go by, pass⋯年消逝／過去／流逝◇A year elapsed before I heard from him again.一年過後我才又聽到他的音信。◇The last year went by in flash.過去的一年轉瞬即逝。➤run from... to...⋯年從⋯持續到⋯◇The academic year runs from October to June.從 10 月份到 6 月份為一學年。➤see sth⋯年見證了⋯◇That year saw the explosion of the Internet.那一年因特網發展迅猛。➤mark sth⋯年紀念⋯◇This year marks the 10th anniversary of her death.今年是她逝世 10 週年紀念。PREPOSITION➤by the year...到⋯年◇The reforms will be fully implemented by the year 2015.這些改革措施到 2015 年將全面實行。➤during the year, over the year在⋯年期間◇during the next academic year在下一個學年期間◇Over the past few years, we've made significant changes.在過去的短短幾年裏，我們進行了一些重大變革。◇Over the past several years, we've made significant changes. (NAmE) 在過去的幾年裏，我們進行了一些重大變革。➤for a/the year⋯年的◇profit for the current year to December 31截止到 12 月 31 日的本年度利潤◇We lived there for ten years.我們在那兒住了 10 年。➤in a year一年後◇I hope to retire in a year / in a year's time.我希望一年後退休。➤in a/the year在⋯年◇in the next tax year在下一個納稅年度◇Britain was invaded in the year 1066.1066 年不列顛遭到入侵。◇In the past few years, she has become one of our top-selling authors.在過去的短短幾年裏，她成了我們最暢銷的作家之一。➤in years多年來◇It's the first time we've met in years (= for many years).這是我們多年來第一次見面。➤over a year, under a year超過／不到一年◇We've been friends for over twenty years.我們已經是 20 多年的朋友了。➤per year每年◇Over 10 000 people per year are injured in this type of accident.每年有 1 萬多人在這類事故中受傷。➤throughout the year全年◇The global economy means that all types of fruit and vegetables are available throughout the year.全球化的經濟意味着全年都可買到各種水果和蔬菜。➤years between... and..., years from... to...⋯和⋯年之間；從⋯到⋯的年間◇the boom years from 1993 to 2000從 1993 年到 2000 年的繁榮期➤year of⋯年◇The book represents three years of hard work.這本書是 3 年苦幹的成果。◇That was in the year of the great flood.那是在大水災之年。PHRASES➤after all these years, after all those years這麼多年之後；那麼多年之後◇They're still friends after all these years.多年之後他們仍然是朋友。➤all year long整整一年◇I've been waiting for this moment all year long.整整一年我都在等這個時機。➤all the year round, all year round一年到頭◇The city tour runs all the year round.市區遊覽全年都在進行。➤the beginning of the year, the end of the year, the middle of the year, the start of the year歲首；歲末；歲中；歲始▸➤be six, etc. years of age, be six, etc. years old * 6 歲等◇She's only ten years old.她只有 10 歲。➤early in the year, late in the year年初；年末▸➤a time of year一年的某個時候◇It's usually much colder at this time of year.每年的這個時候天氣通常冷多了。➤the turn of the year (especially BrE) 新年伊始◇The team has suffered a loss of form since the turn of the year.自進入今年以來，這支隊伍一直不在狀態。
year

noun²

 2years period of time年度ADJECTIVE | VERB + YEARS | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤intervening⋯期間的幾年◇He soon realized that a lot had changed in the intervening years.他很快就意識到，這幾年間發生了許多變化。➤early, later頭幾年；後幾年◇the early years of the 21st century21 世紀的頭幾年◇In his later years, he drifted away from politics.他晚年逐漸遠離了政治。➤college, high-school (both NAmE) 大學／中學期間▸➤inter-war, post-war, pre-war, war兩次戰爭之間的歲月；戰後歲月；戰前歲月；戰爭年代◇The children spent the war years with relatives.戰爭期間孩子們住在親戚家。➤childhood, early, formative, teen, teenage, tender童年時期；早年；性格形成期；青少年時期；幼年◇She was born in Spain but spent her formative years in Italy.她在西班牙出生，但性格形成時期是在意大利度過的。◇children of tender years年幼的孩子VERB + YEARS➤spend度過歲月◇His early years were spent in San Francisco.他早年是在舊金山度過的。PREPOSITION➤during the... years在⋯時代◇It happened during the Clinton years.這件事發生在克林頓執政時期。
BNC: 56 COCA: 54
year noun
⇨ years (the best movie I've seen in years) ⇨ class 3 (students in their third year)
BNC: 56 COCA: 54

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