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BNC: 119 COCA: 130

last

Word family 
last1 /lɑːst $ læst/ ●●● S1 W1 determiner , adjective  
1  BEFOREmost recent or nearest to the present time 最近的，最近一段时间的，最近一次的 → next(12)
 I hadn’t seen him since the last meeting.
自从上次会面后，我再没有见到他。
last night/week/year etc
 Did you see the game on TV last night?
昨晚你看电视播出的比赛了没有？
 The law was passed last August.
这项法律是去年8月份通过的。
 Interest in golf has grown rapidly in the last ten years.
在过去十年里，人们对高尔夫球的兴趣一下子浓厚起来。
 Things have changed since the last time (=the most recent occasion) you were here.
你上次来这里之后，情况已经变了。
2  LASThappening or existing at the end, with no others after 最后的 OPP first
 I didn’t read the last chapter of the book.
我没有看这本书的最后一章。
 The next meeting will be held in the last week in June.
下次会议将于6月的最后一个星期举行。
the last person/thing etc to do something
 Anna was the last person to see him alive.
安娜是最后一个见到他还活着的人。
last but one/two etc (=last except for one other, two others etc) 倒数第二/第三等
 on the last but one day of his trial
他受审前的倒数第二天
second/next to last (=last except for one other) 倒数第二
 the second to last paragraph
倒数第二段
3  REMAIN/BE LEFTremaining after all others have gone, been used etc 最后剩下的
 Can I have the last piece of cake?
我把最后一块蛋糕吃了可以吗？
every last (=used to emphasize that you mean all of something) 每一个
 All the money was gone; every last penny of it.
所有的钱都花完了，一分都没剩。
4  the last minute/moment the latest possible time before something happens 最后一刻
 Travelers will find it hard to get a hotel room at the last minute.
旅游者会发现很难在最后一刻订到房间。
 He never makes a decision until almost the last moment.
他从来都是等到差不多最后一刻才作决定。
Examples from the Corpus
the last minute/moment• At rest the cricket looks like a dead leaf, but it transforms itself at the last moment.• Fortunately, Chrysler dropped the idea for such a fin at the last minute.• I can not chuck them at the last minute.• Perhaps he could arrange for Anthony to go sick at the last minute.• The bends in the road came at the last moment.• At the last minute a sense of something unsaid made her hurry after him.• In Madrid Casado triumphed and at the last moment Communist power was broken.• At the last moment, it veered away and came to halt by a vent.
5  the last person/thing EXPECTused to make a strong negative statement about someone or something 最不可能的人/事物；最不想要的人/事物；最不适当的人/事物
 She’s the last person I’d expect to meet in a disco (=I would not expect to meet her in a disco at all).
我怎么也想不到会在迪斯科舞厅遇到她。
 Money was the last thing I cared about right now.
目前，钱对我来说是最无所谓的。
the last thing somebody needs/wants
 The last thing she needed was for me to start crying too.
她最不希望看到我也哭。
Examples from the Corpus
the last person/thing• He was the last person a nerve-racked trader wanted to see.• I know you had a terrible time and the last thing I meant to do was to upset you.• So the last thing I want to do is watch somebody else do it.• I already had two children, and the last thing I wanted was a third.• Chad's the last person I would ask for advice.• You know, in your heart, it is the last thing that charlatan wants.• And you were the last person to see her.• Kris Johnson will be the last person to wear Marques' No. 54.• The last thing we wanted was to go into debt.
6  be the last straw to be the final thing in a series of annoying things that makes someone very angry 成为使人不堪忍受的最后一件事
 He’d broken his promise again, and it was the last straw.
他又一次食言，这让人再也无法忍受下去了。
Examples from the Corpus
be the last straw• For Amy this was the last straw.• For some reason that Jinny did not quite understand, it was the last straw.• For some, the effort to silence Zundel was the last straw.• His electoral thefts were the last straw.• Sending in bailiffs was the last straw.• Mr Brown said the planned charges were the last straw for customers already angry over banks' high-handed attitude.• Transport pressure groups believe this will be the last straw for some services.• My getting this malignancy is the last straw, in her opinion.
7  last thing (at night) LATEat the very end of the day 在一天末了
 Take a couple of these pills last thing at night to help you sleep.
晚上睡前吃几颗这种药丸帮助睡眠。
Examples from the Corpus
last thing (at night)• I agree with that last thing.• Take a couple of these pills last thing at night to help you get to sleep.• The last thing he said to me last night: I still want that money.• It was the last thing he wanted to do.• Working is the last thing on their minds.• The last thing Republicans need is a nominee who runs from the Republican House, who is defensive about their agenda.• The last thing she felt, apart from the pain, was surprise.• The last thing that I want to do is stray out of order.• The last thing you need is confusion over that.
8  on your last legs informal
Examples from the Corpus
on your last legs• Sarah looks as if she's on her last legs.• It was a nightmare, anyone reading the papers would think I was on my last legs.• Martin Glimmer is the 50-something horn player on his last legs.• The battery, like the torch's owner, was on its last legs.• The fenders flapped in the breeze, and the engine coughed and wheezed like an old man on his last legs.• Without some fresh thinking the G8 is probably on its last legs as an effective body.• His exit, when he truly is on his last legs, is his most effective gambit.• It's an old established set-up, but I reckon it's on its last legs now.
9  on its last legs informalCONDITION/STATE OF something old or in bad condition, and likely to stop working soon 老化的；糟透的
Examples from the Corpus
on its last legs• Your car sounds like it's on its last legs.• The battery, like the torch's owner, was on its last legs.• Without some fresh thinking the G8 is probably on its last legs as an effective body.• It's an old established set-up, but I reckon it's on its last legs now.
10  be the last word in something BESTto be the best, most modern, or most comfortable example of something 在某方面是最好[现代，舒适]的
Examples from the Corpus
be the last word in something• It's the last word in luxury resorts.• It may be the last word in consumer issues but it has never been available on news stands.• With its 700-feet-long façade and 600-feet-long porte cochère, it is the last word in grandiose monumentalism.• Sandy Lyle at the new club which is the last word in luxury golfing.• But if airships were the last word in luxury then the penultimate word belonged to the flying boat.• Needless to say, this is not going to be the last word in the debate between the constructivists and the nativists.
→ last resort at resort1(2), → with your last/dying breath at breath(9), → last hurrah, → have the last laugh at laugh2(6), → the last/final word at word1(15)
 THESAURUS
the one before this one 上一个[次]
last most recent or nearest to the present time 最近一次的，最近一段时间的
His last film was much better.
他的上一部电影要好得多。
It rained all day last Saturday.
上星期六下了一整天的雨。
The last time I saw her was two years ago.
我上一次见到她是在两年前。
previous [only before noun] before this one, or before the one that you are talking about 以前的，先前的
See the diagram in the previous chapter.
参见上一章的示意图。
His previous records had all been jazz records.
他之前的唱片都是爵士乐。
How much were you earning in your previous job?
你上一份工作能挣多少钱？
former [only before noun] formal existing or having a particular position in the past, but not now 从前的，昔日的
the former Soviet Union
前苏联
the former US president
美国前总统
Interest rates are unlikely to return to their former level.
利率不太可能回到先前的水平。
nthe former Chief Executive
old [only before noun] used about a person or thing that existed in the past, but has been replaced by a newer one 以前的，过去的〔已被替代的〕
an old boyfriend
以前的男友
The old model was much slower.
旧型号要慢得多。
the one that comes at the end 最后的
last [only before noun] happening or existing at the end, with no others after 最后的
What time does the last train leave?
最后一班列车几点发车？
Our house is the last one on the right.
我们家的房子是右面最后一幢。
final [only before noun] last in a series of actions, events, parts of a story etc 最后的，最终的
It’s the final game of the championship tomorrow.
明天是本届锦标赛的决赛。
the final scene of the film
那部电影最后的场景
closing [only before noun] used about the last part of a long period of time, or of an event, book etc that has been exciting or interesting 结尾的，结束的
the closing years of the twentieth century
世纪最后几年
Barnes scored the winning goal in the closing minutes of the game.
巴恩斯在比赛结束前几分钟攻入制胜一球。
concluding [only before noun] used about the last part of a piece of writing, a speech, or an organized event, that ends it in a definite way 结束的，最后的
the concluding section of the report
报告的结束部分
the judge’s concluding remarks
法官的结语
penultimate /peˈnʌltəmət, pə-/ [only before noun] the one before the last one 倒数第二的
the penultimate chapter
倒数第二章
Examples from the Corpus
last night/week/year etc• Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., died in the final days of the GOP-led Congress last year.• The 2000 Census said the country had 281 million people last year.• The export of motor cars in the past nine months is 90 percent. higher than last year.• McDougal was convicted of Whitewater-related fraud charges last year, along with his former wife and the governor of Arkansas.• He was only told of the burglary last night as he visited his sister, Anne Marie, in Hoddesdon, Herts.• But for the last week or two he's had to use a bigger bag.• We will restore last year's training cuts which caused so much damage to training for young people and the unemployed.• The 73-year-old Republican standard-bearer took time out of his busy campaign schedule last week to search for those roots.
the last person/thing etc to do something• He should have been the last person to be killed.• As Nina said, the last thing to do ever was to touch lacquer directly.• What's the last thing to go through a fly's mind when it hits the front of your car?• Which made her the last person to know how to handle this evening's adventure.• And the last person to know the full history would be Jenny herself.• I would be the last person to say that it was all your fault.• And you were the last person to see her.• Kris Johnson will be the last person to wear Marques' No. 54.
every last• Saw how he grasped every last detail of it and held that knowledge tight in his memory.• What with the onions and the heat, every last drop of moisture's gone from me.• She is adept at eating every last morsel she is served.• And we hit every last one of them.• The only sure way was to pick out all the eggs by hand, every last one of them.• Her arms crept around his waist and every last scrap of fight and anger drained fluidly from her body.• Erasing every last trace of the Project.
last2 ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv  
1  BEFOREmost recently before now 最近，上次 → next
2  LASTafter everything or everyone else 最后 OPP first
3  last but not least LASTused when mentioning the last person or thing in a list, to emphasize that they are still important 最后但同样重要的(一点)
Examples from the Corpus
last but not least• And last but not least, I thank Begona Canup for her interest in the book.• Last but not least, I would like to thank my wife for her support.• Social Security has reduced poverty, and last, but by no means least, it has been a good deal for participants.• And, last but not least, its growth and production has a huge impact on the environment we live in.• Last but not least, let me introduce Jane, our new accountant.• And, last but not least, my cousin Bishop Malduin of Kinrimund with, no doubt, his stepson Colban.• And last but not least, the baby of the family.• And last but not least, there are all those damn kids sharing files and scaring the media moguls shiftless.• And, last but not least, they might re-read the scores while listening.
Examples from the Corpus
last• Connect the red wires first and the black ones last.• I'm saving that chocolate for last.• I do all our dishes, and leave the dog's dish till last.• I was told I'll be speaking last.• The teacher called out my name last.• Josie came out of the school almost last.• Oakland and the New York Mets last did it in 1973.• Isetan shares were last offered at 1,620 yen, down 1. 8 percent from its closing price yesterday.• Yet there was a change in his lad since he had last seen him.• When I saw her last, she was pregnant.• Despite experiencing tiredness and illness at times, she can't remember when she last took time off work.
last of all• Tragically, it could well be the last of all.• And last of all he knew she believed herself capable of murder.• She totters forward, in she goes Head first, and last of all her toes.• Last of all, I'd like to say that everyone has done a wonderful job.• Sarah, left alone, had the dubious distinction of being the last of all the Titfords in Frome.• But last of all, who governs Parliament?
last3 ●●● S1 W1 noun , pronoun  
1  the last LASTthe person or thing that comes after all the others 最后的人[事物] OPP first
Examples from the Corpus
the last• I was the last to go to bed that night.• Joel was the last of nine kids.
2  at (long) last EVENTUALLYif something happens at last, it happens after you have been hoping, waiting, or working for it a long time 最终，终于
Examples from the Corpus
at (long) last• At last, we were able to afford a house.• And I, at last, had some one to talk to.• Lendl's 7-6 6-2 defeat by Omar Camporese follows his opening match loss at last week's Madrid Open.• Now, at last, they are coming home.• But his work lives on, and after decades of neglect he is rediscovered, celebrated anew and recognized at last.• And then, at last, I crossed a high mountain pass to discover smoke drifting across my route.• Well, at last I got my chance.
3  the day/week/year etc before last BEFOREthe day, week etc before the one that has just finished 前天/上上周/前年等
Examples from the Corpus
the day/week/year etc before last• In the week before last, claims rose by 22,000.• The Sunday newspaper articles had come out the week before last, and were still bringing in letters.• I didn't know myself where the house was until the week before last.
4  the last of something REMAIN/BE LEFTthe remaining parts of something 最后剩下的某物
Examples from the Corpus
the last of something• The last of the tickets were sold Thursday.• The first two and the last of these are socially dissonant and their practice is illegal.• Dennis ate the last of the bread at lunchtime.• Riven threw back the last of his beer.• By the end of October the last of the pumpkins is sold, and almost no one comes to the produce stand.• The Carrier rolled forward, without slowing, its massive tyres crushing the last of the barricade.• This is the last of four meetings with the Spurs, who won two of the first three.• This is the last of the paint, and I don't think it's going to be enough.• The judge sentenced the last of the three defendants in the case to 10 years.• Before she swallowed the last of the drink she had promised to ask Wickham for the facts.• To unearth the last of the bodies may take a fortnight.
5  somebody hasn’t heard the last of somebody/something FINISH/COME TO AN ENDif you have not heard the last of someone or something, they may return and cause problems for you in the future 某人/某事还未了结
6  somebody will never hear the last of something if you will never hear the last of something, someone will be angry with you about it for a long time 某人会被某事没完没了地纠缠
7  the last I heard spokenRECENTLY used to tell someone the most recent news that you know about a person or situation 我最近听到的消息
Examples from the Corpus
the last I heard• I had a feeling it would be the last I heard of him.• She came and collected the keys, and that was the last I heard from her.
8  to the last formalEND until the end of an event or the end of someone’s life 直到终了；至死
Examples from the Corpus
to the last• He groped his way back to the last junction and limped in the other direction.• On the other were tenants clinging desperately to the last vestige of their community.• It would be completely furnished, down to the last teaspoon.• The lumbering Swordfish, caught from above, were shot down to the last plane in one swift attack.• She tells Mitchum that they belong to each other, and he, fatalistic to the last, appears to go along.• Brown died in 1987, insisting to the last he was innocent.• Everything was planned and stage-managed to the last detail.• Please don't leave them to the last minute.• Pro: Outlines can cut your writing time by helping you organize your thoughts to the last detail.
Examples from the Corpus
last• She had been last noticed at the wheel of the car when the Josephs arrived there.• Each one was hurrying to avoid being last.• At a press conference, Wiltshire Police revealed that Mrs Campbell had last been seen alive a week ago.• It's good to see their interests being looked after at long last.• Only the leaders were mounted, and even that would not last long, although there were horse-boys behind with replacements.• But I figured the jeans wouldn't last long.• Mr Evan's rages were noisy while they lasted but they didn't last long.• It was last to start and at this rate, will probably be last to finish.
last4 ●●● S1 W2 verb  
1  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT]LAST FOR A PERIOD OF TIME to continue for a particular length of time (使)持续
2  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]CONTINUE/NOT STOP to continue to exist, be effective, or remain in good condition for a long time (使)继续存在，(使)保持良好状态
3  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep] (also last out (something) British EnglishBrE)SURVIVE to manage to remain in the same situation, even when this is difficult 尽力维持原状
4  [intransitiveI, transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]ENOUGH to be enough for someone for a period of time 足够〔某人〕使用[维持] SYN do
Examples from the Corpus
last• Phase 1 started in July 1980 and lasted 3 years, during which 2.5 million households were visited.• It's not certain how long the ceasefire will last.• Mexico achieved a remarkable 8% annual growth rate, but the new prosperity did not last.• Ours was a happy marriage, but I always feared it wouldn't last.• Of course it would not last.• Cheap saucepans can't really be expected to last.• rainstorms lasting all night long• He knew they only had enough food to last another three days.• Her operation lasted around three hours.• Helpers approaching have sometimes been bitten or attacked wildly in the delirium that follows and which may last as long as twelve tormented hours.• Each consultation can last between 10 minutes and half an hour.• Most batteries last for about 8 hours.• The attack usually lasts for several minutes but can go on much longer.• I wanted the weekend to last forever.• Analysts are confident the downturn in share prices will not last long.• Some wine-makers will tell you that a cask lasts only for four years.• It's amazing how long this car has lasted, really.• His breathing was getting worse and he was not expected to last the night.• It's amazing that she's managed to last this long, really.• Within himself, however, it felt as though his stay had lasted three or four hours at most.• Bedworth's trial, expected to last three weeks, continues.• I still have $100, but that won't last until the end of the vacation.• It's the worst cold I've ever had, but luckily it didn't last very long.• It's hard to say how much longer the astronauts will last without fresh supplies.• $400 won't last you long in Chicago.• A can of baby formula costing $6.00 will last you three to four days.
last for/until/through etc• There are also professionally-applied textured coatings which are sprayed on, and should last for 10 years or more.• Like any other book, its popularity will last for a moment, but it will remain on the shelves.• The first period lasts until age 7 or 8.• Something that will last for future generations.• As the project will last for so many years, temporary improvements are constantly being made to the estate.• I had embarked on a life-time career that I expected would last for the following forty years.
Related topics: Tools
last5 noun [countableC]  
DCCTZa piece of wood or metal shaped like a human foot, used by someone who makes and repairs shoes 鞋楦
Examples from the Corpus
last• It's good to see their interests being looked after at long last.• It was last to start and at this rate, will probably be last to finish.
Origin last4
Old English læstan “to last, follow”
 last5
Old English læste, from last “footmark”
last1 determiner →THESAURUS1last2 adverbadv →n GRAMMAR1last3 nounlast4 verblast5 noun
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last

verb

ADVERB | VERB + LAST | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤long持續時間長◇Your car will last longer if you take care of it.你的車如果好好保養，就可以開得久一點兒。➤well保持得好◇Even when cut, the flowers last very well.這些花剪下來以後也能保鮮很久。➤forever, indefinitely持續到永遠◇Nothing lasts forever.任何事物都不是永恆的。◇With care, the vines will last indefinitely.精心護理的話，葡萄藤會活很長時間。➤rarely極少持久◇This type of happiness rarely lasts.這種幸福極少有持久的。➤never不持久◇Happiness never lasts.快樂總是很短暫。VERB + LAST➤can能夠持續◇The storm could last quite a long time.暴風雨可能持續很長時間。◇The good weather couldn't last.這種好天氣不會持久。➤will會持續◇The kids are all very enthusiastic, but it won't last.孩子們熱情都很高，不過不會持續太久。➤be likely to, be sure to很可能／肯定能持續◇a bruise that was sure to last for days肯定會持續好幾天的瘀傷➤be unlikely to不大可能持續◇I always thought his popularity was unlikely to last.我一直認為他不太會一路紅下去。➤be expected to有望持久▸➤seem to好像會持續◇The flight seemed to last forever.飛行航程好像沒完沒了。➤be built to, be made to建造以持久◇This house was built to last.這房子造得經久耐用。PREPOSITION➤for持續⋯時間◇The war lasted for three years.戰爭持續了 3 年。➤into持續到⋯時候◇The celebrations lasted well into the next week.慶祝活動一直持續到第二週。➤through持續過⋯◇The effort began in November and lasted through February. (NAmE) 這一努力自 11 月開始，一直持續到了 2 月末。◇She hoped they had enough firewood to last through the night. (BrE) 她希望他們有足夠的柴火挺過這一夜。➤until持續到⋯為止◇The trial is expected to last until the end of the week.審判預計要持續到週末。PHRASES➤while sth lasts當⋯存在時◇Interest rates are at their lowest level for a decade. I suggest you enjoy it while it lasts.利率在低谷徘徊已經 10 年了，我建議你們把握好機會，不要錯過哦。
BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last verb
⇨ continue 1 (It lasted an hour.) ⇨ remain (This weather won't last.)last det., adj.
⇨ last 1 (the last bus home) ⇨ last 2 (last night)last1

determiner

,

adjective

 the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ final ♦︎ closing ♦︎ later ♦︎ eventual ♦︎ ultimate ♦︎ latterThese words all describe sth that happens or comes after all other similar things or people. 这些词均表示最后的、末尾的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / final / closing / later / ultimate / latter stage / phase◆the last / final / later / eventual / ultimate aim / goal / outcome◆eventual / ultimate success / failure / victory / defeat◆sb / sth's last / final / closing / later / latter years◆sb's last / final / closing speech / address◆the last / final / closing remark / chapter / minutes■ last

determiner

,

adjective

happening or coming after all other similar things or people; the only remaining thing or person 最后的；末尾的；仅存的◆We caught the last bus home.我们赶上了回家的末班公共汽车。◆It's the last house on the left.是左边尽头那栋房子。◆She was last to arrive.她是最后到的。◆I wouldn't marry you if you were the last person on earth!就算世界上只剩下你一个人，我也不会跟你结婚！◆He knew this was his last hope of winning.他知道自己成败在此一举。 OPP first ⇨ first ▸ lastly

adverb

◆Lastly, I'd like to ask you about your plans.最后，我想问一下你们的计划。▸ at ˈlast

idiom

◆We're home at last!我们终于到家了！◆At long last the cheque arrived.支票终于到了。■ final

adjective

 [only before noun] being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions or statements; being the result of a particular process 最终的；最后的◆His final act as president was to pardon his predecessor.他作为总统所采取的最后行动是赦免其前任。◆The referee blew the final whistle.裁判吹响了终场的哨声。◆I'd like to return to the final point you made.我想回到你所说的最后一点。◆No one could have predicted the final outcome.谁也没有预想到最终结果会是这样。OPP initial ⇨ first ▸ finally

adverb

◆Finally, stir in the fruit and walnuts.最后，把水果和核桃搅拌进去。◆The performance finally started half an hour late.演出在晚了半小时后终于开始了。■ closing

adjective

 [only before noun] coming at the end of a speech, a period of time or an activity, especially as a sign that sth is about to finish （讲话、时段或活动）接近尾声的，结尾的，结束的◆The closing ceremony proved to be a spectacular and memorable affair.事实证明，这次闭幕式宏大壮观，十分难忘。OPP opening ⇨ first ■ later

adjective

happening or being near the end of a period of time 接近末期的◆the later part of the seventeenth century17世纪末叶◆She found happiness in her later years.她到晚年才找到幸福。 OPP earlier ▸ later

adverb

◆His father died later that year.那年晚些时候他的父亲去世了。◆We're going to Rome later in the year.我们年内晚些时候要到罗马去。■ eventual ɪˈventʃuəl

adjective

 [only before noun] happening at the end of a period of time or of a process （时段或过程）最后的，最终的◆The school may face eventual closure.这所学校最终可能会面临关闭。◆the eventual winner of the tournament锦标赛的最终获胜者▸ eventually

adverb

◆She hopes eventually to attend medical school and become a doctor.她希望最终能够上医学院，成为一名医生。◆I'll get round to mending it eventually.我最后会抽出时间来修理它的。■ ultimate ˈʌltɪmət

adjective

 [only before noun](especially of sth that is planned or intended) happening at the end of a long process （尤指计划或打算的事情）最后的，最终的，终极的◆our ultimate goal / aim / objective / target我们最终的目的／目标◆The ultimate decision lies with the parents.最后的决定权掌握在父母手中。◆We will accept ultimate responsibility for whatever happens.无论出什么事情，我们愿承担全部责任。▸ ultimately

adverb

◆The campaign was ultimately successful.这次运动最终成功了。◆Ultimately, you'll have to make the decision yourself.最终你还是得自己拿主意。■ latter

adjective

nearer to the end of a period of time than the beginning （时段）后半期的，后面的◆The latter half of the twentieth century saw huge growth in air travel.航空旅行在20世纪后半期有了巨幅增长。▸ latterly

adverb

 (formal) ◆Her health declined rapidly and latterly she never left the house.她的健康状况急剧衰退，此后她再也没离开过家。last2

determiner

,

adjective

 the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ past ♦︎ previous ♦︎ precedingThese words all describe sth that happened or existed only a short time ago, or before a particular time, event or object. 这些词均表示最近的、刚过去的、上一个的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / past / previous / preceding few days / week / month / year / decade / century◆the last / past / previous weekend / season / hundred years◆the last / past hour◆the previous / preceding day◆last / the previous night / Friday / July / summer◆the last / previous / preceding paragraph / section◆the last / previous page / chapter / time / visit / meeting / war◆sb's last / previous album / appearance◆the previous / preceding discussion / argument / analysis / example■ last

determiner

most recent 最近的；上一个的◆He got home late last night.他昨天夜里很晚才回家。◆Last summer we went to Greece for a month.去年夏天我们去希腊待了一个月。◆The critics all hated her last book.评论家都很不喜欢她的新书。◆This last point, that Hamish has mentioned, is crucial.哈米什刚刚提到的这一点很关键。OPP first ⇨ first , next ⇨ next ■ past

adjective

 [only before noun](of a period of time) gone by recently; just ended （一段时间）刚过去的，刚结束的◆I haven't seen much of her in the past few weeks.近几周来我没怎么见到她。 OPP next ⇨ next NOTE 辨析 Last or past?You can only use past to talk about a period of time that has just gone by, especially a long or approximate period of time. * past仅指刚过去的一段时间，特别是较长或大概的一段时间◆These past months have been terribly stressful for everyone.最近几个月每个人的压力都特别大。 Past is an adjective and must be used with the or a determiner such as this or these: it cannot be used on its own. * past是形容词，前面必须加the或this、these等限定词，不能单独使用◆Last week was very busy.上个星期特别忙。◆The past week has been very busy.上个星期特别忙。 Past is not used to talk about particular dates or points in time, or about things. * past不修饰具体的日期或时刻，也不修饰事物◆He got home late past night. ◆The critics hated her past book. ■ previous [only before noun] happening or coming immediately before the time or thing you are talking about （时间或顺序上）稍前的◆He went jogging on Friday, despite the doctor's warnings the previous day (= the day before the time mentioned).尽管医生前一天刚警告过他，可他周五还是去慢跑了。◆We dealt with this in the previous chapter.我们在前一章论及了这一点。 OPP the following ⇨ next ■ preceding prɪˈsiːdɪŋ [only before noun] (formal) previous 在⋯之前发生的；先于⋯的◆This policy was pursued less vigorously in the 1880s than in the preceding decade (= the 1870s).在19世纪80年代，这项政策不如之前10年执行得那么坚决。◆The reasoning in the preceding paragraph applies equally to a number of other cases.上一段中的论述同样也适用于其他一些情况。OPP the following ⇨ next
BNC: 119 COCA: 130

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