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IELTS BNC: 426 COCA: 253

black

Word family 
Related topics: Colours, Nationality & race, Drink
black1 /blæk/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj (comparativecomp blacker, superlativesupl blackest)  
1  COLOURcolour 颜色CC having the darkest colour, like coal or night 黑色的，黑的
 a black evening dress
黑色晚礼服
jet/inky black (=very dark) 乌黑的
 jet black hair
乌黑的头发
2  no light 没有光 very dark because there is no light 黑暗的，漆黑的
 It was still pitch black (=very dark) out.
外面依然一片漆黑。
3  PEOPLEpeople 人 (also Black)
a) SANbelonging to the race of people who originally came from Africa and who have dark brown skin 黑色人种的 → white
 Over half the students are black.
有超过一半的学生是黑人。
b) [only before noun]SAN relating to black people 黑人的，与黑人有关的
 politics from a black perspective
黑人政治
 Black and Asian music
黑人音乐和亚洲音乐
4  TEA/COFFEEdrink 饮料DFD [only before noun] black coffee or tea does not have milk in it 〔咖啡或茶〕不加奶的 OPP white
 Black coffee, no sugar, please.
黑咖啡，不加糖，谢谢。
5  DIRTYdirty 脏的 informal very dirty 黑乎乎的，脏的
be black with soot/dirt/age etc 黑乎乎布满煤烟/黑乎乎布满灰尘/年久发黑等
6  WITHOUT HOPESAD/UNHAPPYwithout hope 没有希望 sad and without hope for the future 无希望的；令人沮丧的；前景暗淡的
 the blackest period of European history
欧洲历史上最黑暗的时期
 a mood of black despair
悲观绝望的心情
 It’s been another black day for the car industry, with more job losses announced.
汽车工业又经历了一个黑暗的日子，据公布称更多的人遭裁员。
7  humour 幽默 making jokes about serious subjects, especially death 黑色的〔指拿严肃话题开玩笑，尤其是关于死亡〕
 a very black joke
一个很沉重的黑色笑话
8  ANGRYangry 生气的 [only before noun] full of feelings of anger or hate 怒气冲冲的；充满仇恨的 → blackly
 Denise gave me a black look.
丹尼丝恶狠狠地瞪了我一眼。
9. a black mark (against somebody) if there is a black mark against you, someone has a bad opinion of you because of something you have done （对某人不利的）看法，污点
Examples from the Corpus
a black mark (against somebody)• It is almost impossible to borrow money if you have any black marks against you.• Irina had put a black mark against him with Rakovsky.• Why is not immediately obvious but sufficiently worrying to put a black mark against the program.• The exam league tables have also been given a black mark by teaching unions.• Incidentally, Willoughby, you've earned yourself a black mark for that little trouble.• You get a black mark next to your name that may show up in your next evaluation.• It would be a good mark, not a black mark.• The outcome will be recorded but the finding does not constitute a black mark on the record of the officer involved.• A mini-breakdown was less of a black mark than a criminal record if he should ever choose to emigrate.
10. not be as black as you are painted BAD PERSONnot to be as bad as people say you are 并不像人们说的那样坏
11  ALbad 坏的BAD literary very bad 罪恶的，邪恶的
 black deeds
恶行
—blackness noun
Examples from the Corpus
black• Do you take your coffee black?• Most of the people in my neighborhood are black.• The letters were white on a black background.• Bonnie Raitt in illusion lace with black beading.• a shiny black car• My hands were black from working on the car.• If I remember, he was a dark young fellow, black hair and a squint in his right eye.• Mary's uncle had black hair with some white in it, and high, crooked shoulders.• a black-hearted villain• How can we support black individuals who feel powerless and isolated?• Denise gave me a black look.• Books portraying black men in a positive light are simply not part of the growth industry.• Tony was in a black mood.• contemporary Black music• Singed shrubbery rose from pastures that appeared like black velvet.
jet/inky black• The horse stood sixteen hands high, its jet black coat gleaming in the sunlight.• Now, any kitten with tufts or streaks of white hair on an otherwise jet black coat will be ignored.• She could even see it in this thing, the pallor of it, the fine dust of jet black fur.• A woman was exercising a troupe of jet black greyhounds.• She stared calmly back, her jet black hair escaping from underneath the wimple.• An emaciated fellow with jet black hair, thin lips and large brooding eyes caught the friar's eye.• The best material is jet black, pure glass, free from bubbles or other imperfections.• It was inky black, with bright jewels of stars.
pitch black• The room was pitch black.• She couldn't decipher it in the pitch black.• She lay there in the pitch black.• Gaza descended into chaos and pitch black as the power went out.• Why shave after you get home to the pitch black cabin and repeat the fumbling around?• If none of the office lights is on, it's pitch black in there.• It is pitch black round the clock and everyone is depressed, drunk and stinks of fish oil.• As she walked down the tree-lined road in the pitch black she managed to suppress her fear of the dark.• We could go from pitch black to brightness in the blink of an eye-and vice versa.
be black with soot/dirt/age etc• His face and hands were black with dirt.• Outside my rattling window the green countryside was black with soot.• They entered a room with walls that were black with age and dirt.
black day• It was a black day for the auto industry, with announcements of major job losses.• That was a particularly black day for those of us who had urged the President to take on the Chief at Interior.• Oh dear, that was a black day in Baldersdale.• It had been the blackest day of the war when the government announced the rationing of tea.• Thank you for looking after on those really black days when even he seemed too much to cope with.
black joke• Frank Black joked as he passed me in the crowd en route to the stage.
black look• And you can forget the black looks.• Matthew shot him a black look.• I gave him such a black look, however, that the smile froze on his face.• With another black look, the man led us to that door over there.• Some people would think a black look was aggressive others would not.
Related topics: Colours, Nationality & race
black2 ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1  [uncountableU]CC the dark colour of coal or night 黑色
 You look good wearing black.
你穿黑色衣服挺好看。
→ coal-black
2  (also Black) [countableC]SAN someone who belongs to the race of people who originally came from Africa and who have dark brown skin 黑人 → white
 laws that discriminated against blacks
歧视黑人的法律
3. be in the black BFto have money in your bank account 〔银行存款〕有盈余，有结余 OPP be in the red
Examples from the Corpus
be in the black• We have to get our account into the black otherwise the bank will never give us a mortgage.• The newly reorganized company is now in the black.• The day was fabulous and David performed extremely well although he was in the blackest of moods.• Whitminster costs £2,000 a week to keep open, but it is in the black.• The best flight I have been on was in the black cessna.• Our oil and gas operations are comfortably in the black.• By the end of the first year StarNet was in the black and Cauthorn was recognized nationally for his accomplishments.• He got in and said they could drop him at the Thirty-fifth Street elevated station, which is in the black area.
Examples from the Corpus
black• Black is his favorite color.• The laws were used to discriminate against blacks.• So soul, with the uncompromising Aretha as its star, was enjoyed and purchased by whites and blacks.• Minimalist in beige, black and cement with big arrangements of fresh flowers.• I remember this time after school there was a fight between blacks and whites.• It sees them as little more than rural ghettoes designed by previous hated white regimes to keep blacks and whites apart.• Put some more black around your eyes.• Most blacks were illiterate; even those who were educated were oppressed.• In the end, four whites and seventeen blacks were hanged; thirteen blacks were burned-at the stake.• The president's unilateral reforms will achieve little if he does not talk to blacks.
Related topics: Labour relations, unions, Colours
black3 verb [transitiveT]  
1  British EnglishBrEBEL if a trade union blacks goods or a company, it refuses to work with them 〔工会〕抵制，拒绝〔货品或公司〕
 The union has blacked all non-urgent work.
工会拒绝了所有非紧急的工作。
2. CC old-fashioned to make something black 使变黑，弄黑
3 black out phrasal verbphr v  → blackout
Examples from the Corpus
black• The face relaxed and slid from view, the brick wall clouded and the screen blacked.• Her head was dashed on the rock below and she blacked out.• Soon after that I blacked out.
From Longman Business Dictionary
blackblack1 /blæk/ adjectiveadj
not allowed by TRADE UNIONs to be handled or used by their members during a disagreement between management and employees
The British Seamen’s Union declared the ship black and picketed her on her return from Loch Fyne.
blackblack2 verb [transitiveT] British EnglishBrE
if a TRADE UNION blacks a company or blacks goods, it refuses to work with them or deal with themSYN BOYCOTT
blackblack3 noun
FINANCECOMMERCE in the black if a business is in the black, it is making a profit
The group is still in the black but trading in the first two months of the year has been difficult.
→ compare in the red under red
Origin black1
Old English blæc
black1 adjectiveadjblack2 nounblack3 verb
Chinese
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 426 COCA: 253
black

adjective

,

noun

ADVERB | ADJECTIVE ADVERB➤very非常黑◇The sky looks very black.天空看起來很黑。➤all, completely, entirely全黑◇His hands were all black from messing with the car.他的手在擺弄完汽車後全黑了。➤almost, nearly幾乎／差不多黑了ADJECTIVE➤deep, jet, pitch (used about the night用於指夜晚) 深黑（的）；烏黑（的）；漆黑（的）◇She had beautiful jet-black hair.她有一頭烏黑的秀髮。◇It was pitch-black outside.外面一片漆黑。  ➡ topic at colour
IELTS BNC: 426 COCA: 253
black adj.
⇨ black (black people) ⇨ dark 1 (It's pitch black outside.) ⇨ negative (The future looks black.) black

adjective

black ♦︎ African American ♦︎ of colour ♦︎ coloured ♦︎ mixed race ♦︎ non-whiteThese words all describe people who have dark skin. 这些词均表示人肤色黝黑的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆black / African American / coloured / mixed-race / non-white people◆people of colour / mixed race◆black / African American culture■ black (especially BrE) belonging to a race of people who have dark skin and are originally from Africa; connected with black people 黑色人种的；黑人的◆a black girl一个黑人女孩◆black culture黑人文化ⓘ Black is the word most widely used and generally accepted in Britain. The currently accepted term for a black person from the US is African American. Black can also be a noun, but it is generally only used in the plural. * black这个词在英国广为使用和接受。指美国黑人，目前接受的词是African American。black也可用作名词，但一般仅用其复数形式◆equality for blacks and whites黑人和白人的平等地位It can sound offensive in the singular; instead you can use the adjective. 单数形式有冒犯之嫌。避免冒犯可将black用作形容词◆a black man / woman一个黑人男子／女子 ■ ˌAfrican Aˈmerican belonging to a race of people who have dark skin, originally from Africa but now American 非洲裔美国黑人的◆the first African American president美国第一位非洲裔黑人总统▸ African American

noun

 [countable] ◆African Americans in Hollywood好莱坞的非裔美国黑人◆a young African American一名年轻的非裔美国黑人■ of colour (BrE) (NAmE of color) (especially NAmE) belonging to a race of people who do not have white skin 有色人种的◆They say that prejudice against people of color persists.他们说，针对有色人种的偏见一直存在。ⓘ Of color is also widely used in the US; it includes not only Americans of African origin, but also people of many different origins, for example Asian. * of color在美国也广为使用，不仅包括非洲裔美国黑人，还包括许多不同族裔的人，如亚裔美国人。   see also colour ⇨ colour 2 ■ coloured (BrE) (NAmE colored) (old-fashioned or offensive) not having white skin, because one or both parents have dark skin 有色人种的ⓘ This term is now considered offensive except in South Africa, where Coloured is used to describe people who have parents of different races. In Britain and the US, use black, African American or of color. 这个词现在被视为冒犯语，只在南非除外。在南非，Coloured表示混血种的。在英国和美国，用black、African American或of color来指有色人种。■ ˌmixed ˈrace having parents of different races; belonging to different races 混血种的；不同种族的◆people of mixed race不同种族的人◆mixed-race children / couples混血种的孩子；异族通婚的夫妇ⓘ Mixed race can refer to people of any race, for example white, African, Asian, etc. * mixed race可指任何种族的人，如白人、非裔、亚裔等。■ ˌnon-ˈwhite (rather formal) belonging to any race that does not have white skin 非白种人的◆the non-white population非白种人的人口ⓘ Non-white can refer to people of many different origins, for example Indian and Chinese as well as African. It is used to talk about people in general, but not usually about individual people. * non-white可指许多不同族裔的人，如印度人、中国人和非洲人。non-white修饰人时是总称，通常不指个体◆I got talking to a non-white girl about her studies. ▸ non-white

noun

 [countable, usually plural] ◆the ratio of whites to non-whites白种人对非白种人的比例
IELTS BNC: 426 COCA: 253
black
Words used to describe specific colours: alabaster, amber, amethyst...
General words for races and nationalities: Aryan, black, Coloured...
Words used to describe drinks: alcoholic, black, carbonated...
Making you feel sad or upset: sad, unhappy, depressing...
Words used to describe facial expressions: absent, appealing, beatific...
Cruel and unkind: cruel, unkind, evil...
Evil: evil, atrocious, bad...
Colours: apricot, aqua, aquamarine...
Types of clothes and shoes: accessory, a change of clothes/socks/underwear etc, array...
Offensive words for people according to nationality or ethnicity: black, colored, coloured...
To rebel or protest: agitate, black, blacklist...
To change the colour of something: colour, paint, dye...

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