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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2466 COCA: 2321

disaster

Word family
di·sas·ter /dɪˈzɑːstə $ dɪˈzæstər/ ●●● S3 W3 noun [countableC, uncountableU]  
1 DISASTERa sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering 灾难,灾祸 catastrophe
 One hundred and twenty people died in China’s worst air disaster.
120人在中国这起最惨烈的空难事故中丧生。
 the economic consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster
切尔诺贝利核灾难给经济带来的后果
disaster for
 The oil spill was a disaster for Alaskan sea animals.
石油泄漏对阿拉斯加的海洋动物是一场灾难。
 The 1987 hurricane was the worst natural disaster to hit England for decades.
1987年的飓风是英格兰数十年来遭遇的最为严重的自然灾害。
 Their expedition nearly ended in disaster, when one of the climbers slid off the mountain.
一名登山者从山上滑落,他们的探险活动险些以灾难告终。
 The drought could spell disaster for wildlife.
干旱可能会对野生生物造成灾难。
 Disaster struck when two men were killed during their parachute jumps.
灾难突然降临,两名男子在跳伞过程中丧生。
 The peace process was on the brink of disaster.
和平进程到了灾难的边缘。
 Luckily the pilot saw the other plane just in time, and a disaster was narrowly averted.
幸好驾驶员及时看到了另一架飞机,侥幸避免了一场灾难。
see thesaurus at accident
2 FAILsomething that is very bad or a failure, especially when this is very annoying or disappointing 灾难,不幸,彻底失败
something is a complete/total/disaster
 Because of the weather, the parade was a total disaster.
由于天气不好,游行活动彻底搞砸了。
 The evening was an unmitigated disaster (=a complete failure).
这一晚完全是一场灾难。
disaster for
 The cuts in funding will be a disaster for the schools.
削减经费对学校来说将是灾难性的。
 Five small boys on skis is a recipe for disaster (=is very likely to end badly).
五个小男孩一起玩滑雪迟早要出事。
nCOLLOCATIONSMeaning 1: a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + disaster
a natural disaster (=caused by nature)
In recent years there has been an increase in weather-related natural disasters.
an ecological/environmental disaster (=causing great damage to nature)
This region is facing an ecological disaster as a result of toxic waste.
an air/rail disaster (=an air or rail accident)
The crash was the worst rail disaster in Pakistan’s history.
a nuclear disaster (=an accident involving nuclear power or weapons)
A conflict could get out of hand and degenerate into nuclear disaster.
a terrible disaster
It was a terrible disaster which carried away a large part of the hillside.
verbs
a disaster strikes (=happens suddenly)
Congress often gives millions of dollars in foreign aid when natural disasters strike.
prevent/avert a disaster
They called for an international programme to prevent the disaster happening again.
disaster + NOUN
a disaster area/zone (=area where a disaster has happened)
Military planes flew food supplies to the disaster area.
disaster relief (=money, food, clothes etc for people in a disaster area)
an emergency appeal for disaster relief
a disaster victim (=someone who is suffering because of a disaster)
Aid is being given to the disaster victims.
nTHESAURUS
disaster a sudden event such as an accident, or a natural event such as a flood or storm, which causes great damage or suffering
200 people died in the train disaster.
The earthquake was the worst natural disaster to hit India for over 50 years.
catastrophe a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, damage, suffering, or death over a wide area of the world
A large comet hitting the Earth would be a catastrophe.
We don’t want another nuclear catastrophe like Chernobyl.
Scientists say that the oil spill is an ecological catastrophe.
tragedy a very sad event, that shocks people because it involves death
It was a tragedy that he died so young.
the AIDS tragedy in Africa
debacle an event or situation that is a complete failure and is very embarrassing
The opening ceremony turned into a debacle.
The team is hoping to do better this game, after last week’s debacle against the Chicago Bears.
natural disasters
earthquake a sudden shaking of the Earth’s surface that often causes a lot of damage
A powerful earthquake struck the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.
It was the biggest earthquake to hit the Pacific Northwest for 52 years.
flood a very large amount of water that covers an area that is usually dry
Bangladesh has been hit by a series of devastating floods (=very bad floods).
The crisis began with floods that covered one third of the countryside.
drought a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live
The country experienced its worst drought this century.
In East Africa, three years of drought have left 10 million people in urgent need of food and water.
famine a situation in which a large number of people have little or no food for a long time and many people die
Poor harvests led to famine.
4,000,000 people are threatened by famine in northern Ethiopia.
hurricane a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water – used about storms in the North Atlantic Ocean
extreme weather such as hurricanes
Hurricane Andrew left southern Florida in ruins.
typhoon a violent tropical storm – used about storms in the Western Pacific Ocean
A typhoon has hit the Philippines, lifting roofs off houses and uprooting trees.
tsunami a very large wave, caused by extreme conditions such as an earthquake, which can cause a lot of damage when it reaches land
Thousands of people were killed in the tsunami.
Many Pacific earthquakes have generated tsunamis.
nCOLLOCATIONSMeaning 2: something that is very bad or a failure, especially when this is very annoying or disappointing
adjectives
a complete/total disaster
Last Saturday’s game was a complete disaster for our team.
a financial/economic/military etc disaster
The project was a financial disaster.
a national disaster
The Labour Party called the new government 'a national disaster'.
a personal disaster
I’d taken some professional risks and survived a few personal disasters.
an unmitigated disaster (=a complete failure)
The $24,000,000 movie was an unmitigated disaster.
a potential disaster (=one that could happen)
Always save a backup copy of your work to avoid potential disasters.
an impending disaster (=one that is going to happen soon)
She had a sense of impending disaster.
verbs
end in disaster
By the late 1990s his career had ended in disaster.
spell disaster (=cause something to end badly or fail)
Bad luck and the recession spelt disaster for her business.
phrases
be on the brink of disaster (=be almost ending in a very bad way)
Once again the peace process was on the brink of disaster.
be a recipe for disaster (=be a situation that is very likely to end badly)
If you get married too young, it’s a recipe for disaster.
something is a disaster waiting to happen (=used to say that something is bad and will fail)
The government’s educational reforms are a disaster waiting to happen.
Examples from the Corpus
From Longman Business Dictionary
disasterdi·sas·ter /dɪˈzɑːstədɪˈzæstər/ noun [countableC, uncountableU]
1a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering
100 people died in the mining disaster.
Hurricane Katrina was the worst natural disaster ever to hit New Orleans.
2a complete failure
Disaster could strike if the company is outbid by many of its expected rivals for the franchise.
What is good news for shoppers can be a disaster for share- holders.
Origin disaster
(1500-1600) French désastre, from Italian disastro, from astro star (from the idea of luck coming from the stars)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2466 COCA: 2321
disaster

noun¹

1bad event/situation災難ADJECTIVE | VERB + DISASTER | DISASTER + VERB | DISASTER + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEawful, big, catastrophic, devastating, enormous, great, horrible, huge, large-scale, major, massive, terrible, worst可怕的災難;大災禍;毀滅性的災難;最嚴重的災難the biggest disaster in the history of the industry該行業歷史上最大的災難deadly (NAmE) 致命的災難the deadliest natural disaster in US history美國歷史上最致命的自然災害imminent, impending, looming即將來臨的/近在眼前的/正在逼近的災難Everyone had the feeling that disaster was imminent.每個人都感覺到災難在逼近。It seemed that nothing could prevent the impending disaster.似乎沒有什麼可以阻止這場迫在眉睫的災難。possible, potential可能的/潛在的災難certain某種災難It would spell certain economic disaster for our local community.這會給我們當地社區帶來某種經濟災難。coming, future即將來臨的/未來可能發生的災難He called for a full investigation to help prevent future disasters.他要求展開全面調查,以防止未來可能發生的災難。unforeseen始料未及的災難the unforeseen disaster that has just been thrust upon us落在我們頭上的始料未及的災難unprecedented空前的災難This is an unprecedented natural disaster.這是一場空前的自然災害。global, national全球性災難;國家的災難natural自然災害earthquakes, floods and other natural disasters地震、洪水及其他自然災害man-made人禍air, ecological, environmental, flood, flooding, hurricane, military, mine, mining, nuclear, rail, tsunami空難;生態災難;環境災難;洪災;颶風災難;軍事災難;礦難;核災難;鐵路事故;海嘯災難fears of a nuclear disaster對核災難的恐懼human, humanitarian人類的/人道主義災難the world's worst humanitarian disaster世界上最嚴重的人道主義災難economic, financial, social經濟/金融/社會災難Their departure spells social disaster for the region.他們的離開給這一地區帶來了社會災難。personal個人災難unfolding愈演愈烈的災難the unfolding storm disaster in the South南方愈演愈烈的暴風雨災害costly代價高昂的災難Hurricane Katrina was the costliest natural disaster in history.卡特里娜颶風是有史以來代價最為慘重的自然災害。VERB + DISASTERbring, cause, create, lead to導致災禍;釀成災難;引發災難One person's mistakes can bring disaster to someone else.一個人的錯誤可能禍及他人。attempts to find out what caused the disaster尋找災難原因的努力mean, spell意味着/招致災難Just one mistake can mean disaster.一個錯誤便會引發一場災難。The drought spelled economic disaster for the country.乾旱在該國引發了經濟災難。avert, avoid, prevent, save sb/sth from, stave off, ward off避免災難;防止災難;使⋯免於遭災A major disaster was averted only just in time.一場大災難被及時避免了。What can be done to ward off environmental disaster?如何避免環境災難?anticipate, foresee, predict預測/預見/預言災難Independent analysts in the market predicted disaster.市場中的獨立分析師預測會有災難。court, invite招致災難It's courting disaster to go into the mountains without proper weatherproof clothing.進山卻不攜帶些防風雨的衣物,簡直是自找苦吃。be heading for走向災難his firm belief that the whole world was heading for disaster他堅信整個世界正走向災難face面臨災難In the last match of the series England were facing disaster.在系列賽的最後一場比賽中,英格蘭隊面對的是災難。experience, suffer遭受災難There are many who have suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives.有許多人遭受過個人不幸,但仍重建了自己的生活。handle處理災難No government could have handled a disaster of this magnitude effectively.當時無論哪個政府,都無法有效地處理如此大的災難。overcome, survive克服災難;從災難中幸存It was a miracle any of the passengers or crew survived the disaster.在這場災難中若有任何乘客或機組人員生還,那簡直就是個奇跡。end in, result in以災難告終The show ended in disaster when the tent collapsed.帳篷倒塌,演出以災難收場。DISASTER + VERBhappen, occur, strike, take place災難發生;災難降臨Will we ever find out why the disaster occurred?我們會找出災難發生的原因嗎?Everything was going fine. Then, without warning, disaster struck.一切進展順利。然後,在沒有任何警示的情況下,災難降臨了。When disaster struck, no one was prepared.災難來臨時,人們都手足無措。unfold災難愈演愈烈Europe's worst environmental disaster is unfolding at this very moment.歐洲最嚴重的環境災難此時正愈演愈烈。befall sb/sth, hit sb/sth, strike (sb/sth)災難降臨到⋯;災難襲擊⋯the economic disaster that befell the country整個國家遭遇的經濟災難affect sb/sth災難影響到⋯communities affected by disasters受災的社區loom, threaten災難逼近/威脅We could all see that disaster loomed for the company.我們都看得出來災難正向該公司逼近。ensue災難隨之發生His prediction was not heeded, and disaster ensued.沒人理會他的預測,結果災難發生了。DISASTER + NOUNarea, scene, site, zone災區Only rescue workers are allowed into the disaster area.只允許救援人員進入災難現場。The area has been declared a disaster zone.該地區被宣佈為受災地區。aid, assistance, relief, response救災援助;救災物資;災害應對counties eligible for federal disaster assistance有資格接受聯邦救災援助的縣The disaster relief operation will continue over the summer.救災援助整個夏天都將繼續。recovery (especially NAmE) 災後重建The majority of enterprises aren't spending very much on disaster recovery at all.多數企業沒有在災後重建上投入很多資金。plan, planning (both especially NAmE) 災難應急方案We have a disaster plan in place before every mission.每次執行任務前我們都會預先制訂災難應急方案。preparation, preparedness (both especially NAmE) 防災準備the planning and implementation of disaster preparedness防災方案及其實施management災害管理They had no real experience in disaster management.他們沒有實際的災害管理經驗。declaration (NAmE) 宣佈處於災難狀態This morning I signed a disaster declaration for the state.今天上午我簽署了宣佈該州進入災難狀態的公告。fund救災資金the governor's disaster fund州長的救災資金victim災民scenario災難場景It has become a financial disaster scenario.這成了一個金融災難預案。film, flick (informal) , movie (especially NAmE) 災難影片
a Hollywood disaster movie一部好萊塢災難片PREPOSITIONin a/the disaster在災難中In a disaster everyone needs to keep calm.災難中每個人都需要保持鎮靜。PHRASESa disaster waiting to happen潛藏的災禍Any one of these nuclear plants may be a disaster waiting to happen.這些核電廠中的任何一個都可能會成為災難隱患。in the aftermath of a disaster災難之後In the aftermath of the disaster people were too shocked to give a clear picture of what had happened.災難過後人們心有餘悸,無法清晰地描述所發生的一切。a recipe for disaster禍患Letting her organize the party is a recipe for disaster (= sth that is likely to go badly wrong).讓她來組織聚會只會把事情搞砸。a walking disaster, a walking disaster area (both figurative, especially BrE) 活脫脫像場災難;活脫脫像個災區I am a walking disaster when it comes to paperwork.我做文書工作總是搞得一塌糊塗。a victim of a disaster災難受害者an organization which provides help for the victims of the disaster向災民提供幫助的組織
disaster

noun²

2a failure失敗ADJECTIVE | VERB + DISASTER | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEabsolute, complete, real, total, unmitigated, utter完全的失敗;徹頭徹尾的失敗The play was a complete disaster from beginning to end.這部戲自始至終都很失敗。business, economic, electoral, fashion, financial, political, public relations (abbreviated to PR) , social生意上的/經濟上的/選舉的/時尚方面的/財務上的/政治上的/公共關係上的/社會方面的失敗
the greatest electoral disaster of the century本世紀最失敗的選舉The shirt was a definite fashion disaster.這件襯衫毫無時尚可言。Buying that house turned out to be a financial disaster.買那座房子結果證明是理財上的失敗。VERB + DISASTERprove, turn out to be證明是失敗;結果表明是失敗High-rise buildings proved a social disaster.高層建築證明是個社會災難。become, turn into成為/轉為失敗I can already foresee the night turning into a total disaster.現在我就可以預知這將是一個徹頭徹尾的失敗之夜。PREPOSITIONa disaster for sb/sth對⋯而言是失敗The festival ended up being a financial disaster for the promoters.節日最終對籌辦者而言是財務上的失敗。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2466 COCA: 2321
disaster noun
disaster (Losing your job doesn't have to be a disaster.) crisis (a nuclear disaster) loser2 (a disaster as a manager)
disaster

noun

 See also the entry for disappointment 另见disappointment条disaster ♦︎ failure ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ fiasco ♦︎ debacle ♦︎ flop ♦︎ washoutThese are all words for sth that is very unsuccessful, causes a lot of problems or is disappointing. 这些词均表示失败、糟糕的境况或灾难。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a disaster / failure / catastrophe for sba fiasco / debacle over stha total disaster / failure / catastrophe / fiasco / flop / washouta complete disaster / failure / catastrophe / fiasco / flopa financial disaster / failure / fiasco / debaclean economic disaster / failure / catastropheto prove a disaster / failure / fiasco / flop disaster [countable, uncountable] a very bad situation that causes problems; sth that is very unsuccessful 不幸;祸患;彻底失败的事Losing your job doesn't have to be such a disaster.丢了工作不一定就是大难临头。Disaster struck when the wheel came off.车轮脱落,灾祸就来了。Letting her organize the party is a recipe for disaster (= sth that is likely to go badly wrong).让她来组织这次聚会非坏事不可。The play's first night was a total disaster.这出戏头一晚上就彻底演砸了。 see also disaster crisis failure [countable] something that is not successful 失败The whole thing was a complete failure.整个事情彻底失败了。A team learns from experience, both successes and failures.一个团体应该从成功与失败的经验中学习。The venture proved to be a costly failure.那个经营项目结果证明是一次损失惨重的失败。OPP success success see also failure failure catastrophe kəˈtæstrəfi [countable] an event that causes sb suffering or that causes problems 不幸事件;麻烦The attempt to expand the business was a catastrophe for the firm.拓展业务的尝试使这家公司陷入困境。We've had a few catastrophes with the food for the party.我们为聚会准备食物时遇到了一些困难。 see also catastrophe crisis fiasco fiˈæskəʊ; NAmE fiˈæskoʊ [countable] (rather informal) something that is a complete failure especially because it is badly planned or organized, often in a way that causes embarrassment 难堪的失败,尴尬的结局(尤指筹划不周或组织不力所致)What a fiasco!这结果真丢脸!After the fiasco over the brochures, I decided to take charge of the marketing.经历了广告手册的难堪失败之后,我决定负责市场营销工作。 debacle deɪˈbɑːkl, dɪˈbɑːkl [countable] something that is a complete failure, especially because of disagreements between those involved, in a way that causes embarrassment (尤指内部分歧造成的)彻底失败,崩溃,垮台He should take responsibility for the debacle and resign.他应该对这次惨败负责并辞职。 flop [countable] (informal) something such as a film, party or product, that is not successful, especially because it is not popular or is not bought by many people (电影、聚会或产品等)失败,砸锅The film has been labelled the year's biggest box-office flop.这部电影被称为本年度票房收益最差的影片。The share sale has been a flop with investors.这次股份销售并不受投资者青睐。 OPP hit success see also flop close verb 2 washout ˈwɒʃaʊt; NAmE ˈwɑːʃaʊt, ˈwɔːʃaʊt [countable, usually singular] (informal) an event that is a complete failure, especially because of rain 因雨取消的事;彻底失败的事;泡汤They feared that the wedding was going to be a washout after torrential rain.他们担心倾盆大雨过后这次婚礼将会取消。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2466 COCA: 2321
disaster
Accidents: accident, mishap, calamity...
General words meaning natural disaster: violence, disaster, catastrophe...

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