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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2840 COCA: 3066

conviction

Word family 
Related topics: Law
con·vic·tion /kənˈvɪkʃən/ ●○○ noun  
1  [countableC]BELIEVE a very strong belief or opinion 坚定的信仰[主张]
religious/political etc convictions
 a woman of strong political convictions
一位有坚定政治信念的妇女
deep/strong conviction
 The Dotens have a deep conviction that marriage is for life.
多滕夫妇深信婚姻是一辈子的事。
conviction that
 The students possess the conviction that they can make a difference to their community.
学生们坚信他们能为社区带来变化。
2  [uncountableU]BELIEVE the feeling of being sure about something and having no doubts 深信；坚信；肯定
with/without conviction
 He was able to say with conviction that he had changed.
他可以肯定地说，他变了。
 ‘No, ’ she said, without conviction.
“不。”她迟疑地说道。
 It was a reasonable explanation, but his voice lacked conviction.
这解释合情合理，只是他的语气不坚定。
 It took her so much effort to speak that what she said carried great conviction (=showed she felt sure of what she said).
她费了很大的劲在说，因此说出来的话显得很确定。
3  [countableC, uncountableU]SCTGUILTY a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty 定罪，判罪 OPP acquittal
 They had no previous convictions.
他们没有前科。
 Applicants are checked for criminal convictions.
申请人接受审查是否有过犯罪记录。
conviction for
 This was her third conviction for theft.
这是她第三次被判犯盗窃罪。
 the trial and conviction of Jimmy Malone
对吉米•马隆的审讯及定罪
→ have the courage of your convictions at courage(2)
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + conviction
a criminal conviction
Jason already had a criminal conviction for theft.
a murder/manslaughter/fraud etc conviction
He lost his job following a drugs conviction.
a previous/prior conviction (=a crime someone was found guilty of in the past)
The man had five previous convictions for being drunk and disorderly.
a wrongful conviction (=a guilty verdict that was wrong)
The trial led to the men's wrongful conviction.
verbs
have a conviction for something
You must declare whether you have any convictions.
lead to a conviction
They offered a reward for information leading to the conviction of the killer.
obtain/secure a conviction (=make someone be found guilty)
The prosecution had obtained a conviction based on false evidence.
appeal against conviction (=ask a court of law to change it)
The men intend to appeal against their convictions.
quash/overturn a conviction (=officially say that it was wrong)
The Court of Appeal quashed their convictions.
uphold a conviction (=officially say that it was right)
The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal.
Examples from the Corpus
conviction• The trial and conviction of Jimmy Malone took over three months.• The fact that they do not believe with any great conviction the theories underlying the shocks, makes their task even harder.• He sells his company and he sells himself marketing his own deeply held convictions.• Then, with more conviction, she pronounced my name.• It does not follow that increases in crime accompanied by increased numbers of convictions necessarily entails more people being incarcerated.• Mrs. Warren and her husband appealed the conviction.• Americans held the conviction that anyone could become rich if they worked hard.• He only had one tiny conviction for shoplifting so far, and felt sure that wouldn't be held against him.
conviction that• He brought to his office a conviction that a bishop had a dual responsibility to serve both church and monarchy.• She just appeared and moved in with the clear conviction that we were still a family.• There is now a growing conviction that the religious sources for a new public ethos have to be mobilised again.• He was poor himself but passionate in his conviction that Modigliani deserved a sponsor.• The pentecostal conviction that everyone has the responsibility to spread the word did the rest.• Male speaker Anybody with strong convictions that what he is doing is right is bound to stir up controversy.• The consensus will last only so long as most lawyers accept the convictions that support it.
carried ... conviction• I tried to argue, Holmes, but somehow my words carried insufficient conviction.
conviction for• a conviction for driving while drunk
From Longman Business Dictionary
convictioncon·vic·tion /kənˈvɪkʃən/ nounLAW
1[countableC] a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime
Smith, who had no previous motoring convictions, had been rushing home to see his family when he hit another car.
conviction for
He had a conviction for burglary in South Africa.
2[uncountableU] the process of proving someone guilty in a court of law
Even when crimes are known to the police, only a small proportion lead to arrest, conviction and sentence.
legal safeguards against wrongful conviction
con·vic·tion noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2840 COCA: 3066
conviction

noun¹

 1for a crime罪行ADJECTIVE | VERB + CONVICTION | CONVICTION + VERB | CONVICTION + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤earlier, previous, prior (NAmE) 先前的判罪；前科▸➤spent (BrE) 失效的判決◇You are not obliged to acknowledge spent convictions.你沒有義務承認已經失效的判決。➤successful (especially BrE) 成功的定罪▸➤unsafe, wrongful依據不可靠證據所作的／不公正的判決◇Keeping this information from the jury could result in a wrongful conviction.對陪審團隱瞞這一信息會導致錯誤的判決。➤criminal刑事定罪▸➤drug, murder, etc.毒品罪、謀殺罪等VERB + CONVICTION➤have被判罪◇He has three criminal convictions.他曾 3 次被判刑事罪。➤lead to導致定罪◇A reward is offered for information leading to the conviction of the attacker.懸賞尋找可將攻擊者定罪的信息。➤obtain, secure, win得以定罪◇They need strong evidence to secure a conviction.要想定罪，他們需要強有力的證據。➤escape逃脫定罪◇He believes that too many defendants are escaping conviction by claiming that they are insane.他認為有很多被告通過聲稱精神失常而逃脫定罪。➤appeal, appeal against (BrE) 不服判決而提起上訴◇He appealed against his conviction for murder.他不服謀殺的判決，提起上訴。◇Her lawyer said that she plans to appeal her conviction.她的律師說，她打算就針對她的判決提起上訴。➤overturn, quash, reverse (NAmE) 推翻原判；撤銷判決▸➤affirm, uphold維持原判CONVICTION + VERB➤be based on定罪依據⋯◇a conviction based on very slim evidence證據不足的情況下作出的定罪CONVICTION + NOUN➤rate定罪率◇The conviction rate for rape is low.強姦的定罪率較低。PREPOSITION➤on conviction一經定罪◇His sentence on conviction would be life imprisonment.他一經定罪，將被判無期徒刑。➤conviction against對⋯的判決◇The court overturned the conviction against her.法院推翻了對她的判決。➤conviction for判以⋯罪◇a conviction for murder判以謀殺罪PHRASES➤the rate of conviction定罪率
conviction

noun²

 2belief/appearance of belief信念ADJECTIVE | VERB + CONVICTION | CONVICTION + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤absolute, complete, total, unshakable, utter絕對深信；完全確信；不可動搖的信念▸➤deep, deeply held, firm, fundamental, great, passionate, real, strong深信；不可動搖的信念；基本的信念；偉大的信仰；強烈的信念◇It is my firm conviction that nothing will change until we address the root causes of the problem.我堅信，除非我們治理問題的根源，否則什麼也不會改變。◇There was no great conviction in his voice.他的聲音顯示出他的信念並不堅定。➤growing越來越強的信念▸➤personal個人的信念▸➤inner內心的信念▸➤ideological, moral, political, religious, theological意識形態的／道德／政治／宗教／神學信仰▸➤Catholic, Christian, etc.天主教、基督教等信仰VERB + CONVICTION➤have, hold深信◇She had this absolute conviction that what she liked others would like.她絕對相信只要她喜歡的別人也會喜歡。➤share有相同的信念◇They share a deep conviction that their views on world matters are still vitally important.他們都堅信他們對世界大事的看法依然極其重要。➤express表達信念➤carry具有說服力◇Her explanation failed to carry conviction (= failed to sound convincing) in the face of the facts.在事實面前，她的解釋沒有說服力。➤reflect反映信念◇The American Constitution reflects certain religious convictions.美國憲法反映了某些宗教信念。➤shake動搖信念◇Nothing could shake her conviction that she could not be beaten.她深信自己不會被打敗，什麼都不能動搖她的這一信念。➤reinforce, strengthen加強信念◇These experiences reinforced my conviction that music helps learning.這些經歷增強了我的信念：音樂有助於學習。➤lack缺乏說服力◇Her arguments lacked conviction.她的論據缺乏說服力。CONVICTION + NOUN➤politics (BrE) 基於個人信念的政治◇the demise of consensus and the rise of conviction politics共識政治的終結與基於個人信念的政治的興起PREPOSITION➤with conviction, without conviction確信；不確信◇'Not true!' she said with conviction.“這不是真的！”她深信不疑地說。➤conviction about對⋯的確信◇He had a strong personal conviction about the power of the printed word.他個人堅信印刷文字的力量。PHRASES➤have the courage of your convictions (= to be brave enough to do what you feel to be right) 有勇氣做自己認為對的事
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2840 COCA: 3066
conviction noun
⇨ faith (carry/lack conviction) ⇨ view 1 (religious convictions)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2840 COCA: 3066
conviction
Judgments, verdicts and official orders: acquit, acquittal, affiliation order...
Opinions and attitudes: opinion, attitude, view...
Thoughts, ideas and beliefs: thought, idea, belief...
Feelings of confidence and pride: confidence, pride, assurance...

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