an ergativeverb can be either transitive or intransitive, with the sameword used as the object of the transitive form and as the subject of the intransitive form, such as ‘cooked’ in the sentences ‘He cooked the potatoes’ and ‘The potatoes cooked quickly’. 作格的〔作格动词可以及物也可以不及物,即同一个名词既可以作它的宾语也可以作它的主语,如He cooked the potatoes 和 The potatoes cooked quickly 这两个句子中的cooked〕