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IELTS BNC: 383 COCA: 551

industry

Word family 
Related topics: Industry, Business
in·dus·try /ˈɪndəstri/ ●●● S2 W1 noun (plural industries)  
1  [uncountableU]TI
a) the large-scale production of goods or of substances such as coal and steel 工业，制造业
 This type of software is widely used in industry.
这种软件广泛应用于工业。
 workers in manufacturing industry
制造业工人
b) TIthe people who work in industry 工业从业人员
 an agreement that will be welcomed by both sides of industry (=employers and workers)
将受到劳资双方欢迎的协定
2  [countableC]TI businesses that produce a particular type of thing or provide a particular service 〔某一〕行业
 I work in the oil industry.
我在石油行业工作。
 Italy’s thriving tourist industry
意大利蓬勃发展的旅游业
3  [uncountableU] formal the fact of working hard 勤劳，勤奋
 Gould is a man of great industry.
古尔德是一个很勤劳的人。
4  [singular]BWORK THAT somebody DOES an area of work which has grown too large – used to show disapproval 范围，领域，界〔指规模过大，含贬义〕
 another book from the Shakespeare industry
庞杂的莎士比亚研究领域的又一部专著
 COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + industry
an important/major industry 重要/主要产业
Agriculture is still a major industry in Scotland.
在苏格兰农业仍是主要产业。
a thriving industry (=one that is doing very well) 兴盛的行业
Software development soon became a thriving industry in the area.
软件开发很快成了该地区兴旺的行业。
a growing industry 增长的行业
Tourism is a growing industry in many parts of the developing world.
旅游业是许多发展中国家迅速增长的行业。
a declining industry (=one that is doing badly) 衰落的行业
Coal and steel are declining industries in Britain.
英国的煤炭业和炼钢业在走下坡路。
manufacturing industry (=industries in which goods are produced in factories) 制造业
The last twenty years has seen a decline in manufacturing industry.
制造业在过去的20年里衰退了。
a service industry (=businesses that provide a service, such as banking and tourism) 服务行业
Most of the new jobs are in service industries.
新的工作岗位大部分都在服务行业。
heavy industry (=industries that involve the production of large goods) 重工业
Shipbuilding and other heavy industry developed in the north of Britain.
造船及其他重工业在英国北部发展起来。
light industry (=industries that involve the production of small goods) 轻工业
Jobs in light industry are increasing.
轻工业的工作岗位在增加。
modern industry 现代工业
Modern industry needs to be in places where there are good transport links.
现代工业需要地处交通便捷的地方。
a traditional industry (=an industry that has been in a particular area for a long time) 传统工业
The shipyards, the traditional industry in the northeast, had closed.
这些属于东北部传统工业的造船厂关闭了。
the coal/car/textile etc industry 煤炭工业/汽车工业/纺织工业等
The town was very dependant on the car industry.
该城镇很依赖汽车工业。
the agricultural/fishing industry 农业/渔业
nThere has been a decline in Britain’s fishing industry.
the tourist/travel industry 旅游业
nThe tourist industry earns billions of dollars per year.
the leisure/entertainment industry 休闲产业/娱乐业
nComputer technology has revolutionized the entertainment industry.
the film/music industry (=the work of producing films or music) 电影业/音乐产业
nShe would really like to work in the music industry.
verbs
an industry grows/expands 行业发展
The clothing industry grew rapidly during the 1960s.
世纪60年代制衣业快速发展。
an industry declines (=becomes less successful) 行业衰落
The shipping industry declined after World War II.
第二次世界大战后航运业衰落了。
develop an industry 发展某一行业
More investment is needed to develop new industries such as tourism.
发展诸如旅游业等新兴产业需要更多的投资。
damage an industry 损害某一行业
Financial scandals have damaged the industry in recent years.
近年来财务丑闻损害了这一行业。
nationalize an industry (=make it owned by the state) 将某行业国有化
nThe rail industry was nationalized in the 1950s, with disastrous results.
privatize an industry (=make it privately owned, rather than owned by the state) 将某行业私有化
nThe water industry was privatized in the 1980s.
regulate an industry (=control an industry so that it does not make unfair profits) 监管某行业
nA new agency was created to regulate the telecommunications industry.
industry + NOUN
an industry leader (=one of the most successful companies in a particular industry) 行业领头羊，行业领头企业
We are now a mature company and an industry leader.
我们现在是一家成熟的公司和行业领头羊。
industry experts (=people who know a lot about a particular industry) 行业专家
nIndustry experts expect house prices to rise.
industry analysts (=people who study a particular industry to see how it is developing) 行业分析师
nIndustry analysts are expecting profits to improve in the second half of the year.
phrases
a captain of industry (=someone who runs a large company and has a lot of influence) 业界巨头
He rose to be a great captain of industry.
他成为了不起的业界巨头。
trade and industry (=producing goods, and buying and selling them) 贸易和工业
He works for the Department of Trade and Industry.
他在工业与贸易署工作。
Examples from the Corpus
industry• the airline industry• Wages in the clothing industry were found to be lower than in any other sector.• Government money was poured into the economy in order to encourage industry.• The Ruhr valley has always been the centre of German heavy industry.• She was looking for a management position in industry.• The chemicals are widely used in industry as refrigerants.• Ireland is now a European center for light industry, like computer assembly.• Manufacturing industry was virtually wiped out in the UK during the 1980s.• The region has tried to attract new industry in order to reduce unemployment.• She has demonstrated a great deal of industry in finishing the project on time.• The government encourages the development of industry with tax breaks.• Many people moved from Asia to work in the British textile industry, where jobs were plentiful.• Miami's tourist industry
From Longman Business Dictionary
industryin·dus·try /ˈɪndəstri/ noun (plural industries)
1[uncountableU]MANUFACTURING the production of RAW MATERIALs (=basic materials used in manufacturing) and of goods
Growth in productivity has dropped, and the competitiveness of industry has declined.
2[uncountableU] the people and organizations that work in industry
an agreement that will be welcomed by both sides of industry (=employers and workers).
3[countableC]MANUFACTURINGCOMMERCEECONOMICS business that produce a particular type of thing or provide a particular service
He joined ICI after working in the retailing and banking industries.
the aircraft industry
the oil industry
→ basic industry → capital-intensive industry → cottage industry → declining industry → essential industry → extractive industry → growth industry → heavy industry → heritage industry → high-tech industry → infant industry → knowledge industry → labour-intensive industry → leisure industry → light industry → low-tech industry → manufacturing industry → mature industry → primary industry → regulated industry → secondary industry → service industry → smokestack industry → strategic industry → sunrise industry → sunset industry → tertiary industry
Origin industry
(1400-1500) Old French industrie “skill, work involving skill”, from Latin industria “willingness to work hard”
in·dus·try noun →COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 383 COCA: 551
industry

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + INDUSTRY | INDUSTRY + VERB | INDUSTRY + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤booming, growing, thriving繁榮的行業；發展的行業◇one of the fastest-growing industries in the world世界上發展最快的產業之一➤important, key, major重要工業；關鍵產業；主要產業▸➤declining衰落的產業▸➤high-tech, modern, sunrise (BrE) 高科技／現代／朝陽產業▸➤sunset, traditional夕陽／傳統產業▸➤cottage家庭手工業◇Weaving and knitting are traditional cottage industries.織布和編織都是傳統的家庭手工業。➤domestic, local國內／地方工業➤global全球產業◇the global textile industry全球紡織業➤private, privatized私營產業▸➤nationalized, state-owned, state-run國有化／國有／國營產業▸➤heavy重工業➤light輕工業➤strategic戰略性產業◇strategic industries such as the extraction of oil and natural gas石油和天然氣開採等戰略性產業➤manufacturing, service製造業；服務業◇the shift away from manufacturing to service industry從製造業向服務業的轉移➤primary, secondary, tertiary第一／第二／第三產業▸➤labour-intensive/labor-intensive勞動密集型產業▸➤building, construction建築業▸➤engineering (especially BrE) 機器製造業▸➤shipbuilding造船業▸➤chemical, coal, electrical, electricity, energy, gas, mining, nuclear, oil, steel化學／煤炭／電氣／電力／能源／燃氣／採礦／核能／石油／鋼鐵工業▸➤agricultural, fishing, food, timber農業；漁業；食品業；木材工業▸➤pharmaceutical製藥業➤health-care, medical (especially NAmE) 衞生保健業；醫療業➤biotech生物技術產業▸➤auto, automobile, automotive, car, motor汽車工業▸➤computer, electronics計算機工業；電子產業➤telecom, telecommunications, telecoms (especially BrE) 電信業▸➤fashion, textile時裝業；紡織業▸➤advertising廣告業▸➤insurance保險業▸➤entertainment, film, movie, music, record, recording娛樂業；電影業；音樂產業；唱片業▸➤tourism, tourist旅遊業▸➤catering, hospitality, leisure (all especially BrE) 餐飲業；酒店餐飲業；休閒娛樂業➤hotel酒店業➤banking, financial銀行業；金融業➤aerospace, airline, aviation航空航天業；航空業➤publishing出版業➤tobacco煙草工業VERB + INDUSTRY➤benefit, develop, encourage, help, stimulate, support 有益於／發展／鼓勵／幫助／刺激／支持產業◇The government decided to encourage industries based on biotechnology.政府決定鼓勵發展以生物技術為基礎的產業。◇government measures to stimulate new industry政府刺激新興產業的措施➤run down (BrE) 逐漸收縮產業◇Running down the nuclear industry will result in heavy job losses.收縮核工業將會導致大量失業。➤damage, hurt損害產業◇They claim that a commercial port would damage the local tourist industry.他們聲稱建立商業港口會損害當地的旅遊業。➤cripple, destroy, devastate嚴重削弱／破壞／毀滅工業▸➤nationalize將工業國有化➤privatize將工業私有化▸➤deregulate, regulate解除對產業的管控；管控產業▸➤protect保護工業◇trade barriers erected to protect domestic industry為保護國內工業而設置的貿易壁壘➤subsidize補貼工業◇The state's timber industry is heavily subsidized.該州的木材工業得到大量補貼。➤interfere in, interfere with干預工業◇The government has interfered in industry, with disastrous results, by attempting to alter economic trends.政府試圖通過改變經濟發展趨勢而干預工業，結果造成了災難性的後果。➤be involved in, be involved with投身於工業◇More than 140 000 people are directly involved in the industry.直接從事這一行業的人超過了 14 萬。➤revolutionize, transform變革／改革產業▸➤enter, go into進入產業◇students training to enter the banking industry接受培訓準備進入銀行業的學生◇She decided to leave teaching and go into industry.她決定放棄教書，投身實業。INDUSTRY + VERB➤boom, develop, expand, grow, grow up, spring up工業繁榮／發展／擴張／成長／壯大／湧現◇New light industries are constantly springing up.新型輕工業不斷湧現。◇The tourist industry is still expanding rapidly.旅遊業仍然在快速擴張。➤decline, struggle產業衰落／舉步維艱➤experience sth, face sth產業經歷⋯／面臨⋯◇industries which are experiencing substantial growth正在經歷強勁增長的產業◇The industry is facing major challenges.該行業面臨重大挑戰。➤produce sth工業生產⋯INDUSTRY + NOUN➤executive, leader行業主管／領袖➤expert, insider行業專家；行內人士➤analyst, observer工業分析家／觀察家▸➤standard行業標準◇They hope that the disk drive will become an industry standard.他們希望這種磁盤驅動器能成為一個行業標準。PREPOSITION➤in industry, within industry在行業中；在行業內◇In the computer industry, change comes about very rapidly.計算機這一行更新換代非常迅速。PHRASES➤a captain of industry, commerce and industry產業巨頭；工商業◇The banks lend money to commerce and industry.銀行貸款給工商業。➤regulation of (an) industry（某一）行業的管理◇proposals for regulation of the water industry供水業管理建議➤the revival of (an) industry（某一）行業的復興◇the revival of the British film industry英國電影業的復興➤a sector of industry工業領域➤industry and trade, trade and industry工業與貿易◇the Department of Trade and Industry (in the UK) 工貿部
IELTS BNC: 383 COCA: 551
industry noun
⇨ industry (the steel industry) ⇨ production (heavy industry) industry

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for business 2 另见business条第2义industry ♦︎ trade ♦︎ business ♦︎ serviceThese are all words for a type of activity that involves producing goods or providing services. 这些词均表示行业、工商业、服务业。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be in a particular industry / trade / business / service◆the book / tourist / car / catering / hotel / construction industry / trade / business◆the timber / fur / wool / wine / motor / building industry / trade◆the energy / oil / food / computer / advertising / insurance / entertainment / music / film / hospitality industry / business◆computer / insurance / catering services◆to work in a particular industry / trade / business / service◆to enter / dominate the industry / trade / business■ industry [countable] the people and activities involved in producing a particular thing, or in providing a particular service 行业◆Thousands of jobs were lost in the steel industry.钢铁业有数千人失业。◆We need to develop local industries.我们需要发展地方工业。◆Weaving and knitting were traditional cottage industries (= small businesses in which the work is done by people in their homes).编织和针织是传统的家庭手工业。ⓘ Industry is mainly used to talk about the production of goods, especially in factories. When it is used to talk about a service, this is usually one that has become very successful. * industry主要指在工厂里进行的商品生产、制造活动。industry指服务业时，通常指已经很成功的行业◆the film / entertainment / tourist / advertising / insurance industry电影业；娱乐业；旅游业；广告业；保险业   see also industry ⇨ production ■ trade [countable] a particular type of industry or business 行业；职业；生意◆Employment in the building trade is notoriously irregular.建筑业工作的不稳定是尽人皆知的。◆He works in the retail trade (= selling goods in shops).他从事零售工作。ⓘ Trade is used more to talk about activities that do not require a high level of formal education, such as the building/motor/construction trade, or the buying and selling aspect of a particular activity. * trade多指不需要很高教育水平的行业，比如the building/motor/construction trade（建筑业；汽车业；建造业），或者指某一行业中的买卖活动◆the book / retail / car trade图书／零售／汽车贸易 The trade [singular + singular or plural verb] is a particular area of industry or business and the people or companies that are connected with it. * the trade（单数名词，谓语动词可单可复）表示某个行业或业内人士◆They offer discounts to the trade (= to people who are working in the same business).他们给业内人士提供折扣优惠。◆You should advertise in newspapers and trade magazines.你应该在报纸和行业杂志上做广告。   see also trade ⇨ trade noun , trade ⇨ work noun 2 ■ business [countable] a particular type of activity that involves producing, buying, selling or providing goods or services for money 商业；买卖；生意◆She works in the computer business.她从事电脑业。◆Falling prices are wreaking havoc in the oil business.价格下跌使石油业遭受重创。ⓘ Business places the emphasis more on the management activities involved in an industry or service, than on the physical work involved. It is used especially to talk about service industries. * business更强调产业或服务业中的管理活动而非实际的工作，尤指服务业◆the catering / hotel / entertainment / advertising / insurance business餐饮业；酒店业；娱乐业；广告业；保险业It is also used to talk about very large industries that produce or trade in very basic products or raw materials, where it is a slightly more informal choice than industry, used especially in journalism. * business亦可指生产或买卖基础产品或原材料的大型产业，略不如industry正式，尤用于新闻报道中◆the energy / oil / food business能源业；石油业；食品业   see also business ⇨ company , business ⇨ trade ■ service [countable, usually plural] a business whose work involves doing sth for customers but not producing goods 服务性企业；服务业◆They are offering special incentives to the financial services sector.他们给予金融业特别的激励措施。◆The service industries were most affected by the recession.服务业受经济衰退影响最大。ⓘ Services is often used in the plural after an adjective or noun. * service常用复数形式，跟在形容词或名词后面◆computer / catering / financial / insurance / marketing / freight / accommodation services电脑业；餐饮业；金融业；保险业；营销业；货运业；住宿服务 Service is not usually used alone; when it does not follow an adjective or noun in this way, it is generally followed by a word like company, industry or sector. * service通常不单独用，除了跟在形容词或名词后之外，也可以放在company、industry、sector等词的前面。
IELTS BNC: 383 COCA: 551
industry
The process or business of making goods: industry, production, making...
Producers and product names and standards: the ANSI, BS, the BSI...
Describing or relating to factories and producing goods: automated, factory, industrial...
Economy and economics: agronomics, austerity, boom...
General types of business or company: account, acquisition, affiliate...
Hard work and effort: heavy lifting, ask, work...

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