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BNC: 876 COCA: 1327

river

Word family 
Related topics: Geography, Geology
riv·er /ˈrɪvə $ -ər/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countableC]  
1  SGa natural and continuous flow of water in a long line across a country into the sea 江，河 → stream
 the Mississippi River
密西西比河
 the River Thames
泰晤士河
on a river
 There were several boats on the river.
河上有几条小船。
along a river
 We went for a walk along the river.
我们沿着河边散步。
up/down (a) river
 a ship sailing up river
逆流而上的船
 They drifted slowly down river.
他们慢慢地顺流而下。
across a river
 a bridge across the river
跨河的一座桥
→4  See picture of 见图 river →4  See picture on 见图 Page A4 Country 乡间
5Be careful about word order with river names – you say the River Thames, the River Nile, the River Amazon etc, but the Hudson River, the Mississippi River etc.
要注意河流名称的词序 – 可以说 the River Thames， the River Nile， the River Amazon etc， 但以下河流要说成 the Hudson River， the Mississippi River etc。
2  LIQUIDa large amount of moving liquid 巨流
river of
 a river of hot lava flowing from the volcano
从火山涌出的炽热熔岩流
→ sell somebody down the river at sell1
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with river
in the river
You use in the river to talk about things that happen in the water:
In summer we swim in the river.
There was something floating in the river.
on the river
You use on the river to talk about things that happen on the surface of a river or very close to the edge of a river:
We went boating on the river.
There’s a nice pub on the river.
along the river
You use along the river to talk about things that happen on land next to a river:
They strolled along the river.
There are houses built all along the river.
n USAGE: Word order with names of rivers
In Britain and Europe, the name usually comes after the word ‘river’. You usually say:
the River Thames
泰晤士河
,
the River Seine
,
the River Rhone
,
the River Nile
,
the River Ganges
.
In the US and outside Europe, the name usually comes before the word ‘river’. You usually say:
the Yangtze River
,
the Amazon River
,
the Congo River
,
the Hudson River
,
the Mississippi River
密西西比河
,
the Colorado River
.
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
a river flows 河水流淌
The River Avon flows through the town of Stratford.
埃文河流经斯特拉特福小镇。
a river runs (=it flows in a particular direction) 河水流淌
the place where the river runs into the sea
这条河的入海口
a river winds (=it turns and curves, rather than going in a straight line) 河流蜿蜒
He could see the river winding across the plain.
他看见河流蜿蜒穿过平原。
a river floods 河水泛滥
nThere are fears that the river could flood.
a river dries up 河水干涸
nFurther downstream the river has dried up completely several times in recent years.
a river narrows (=it becomes narrower) 河道变窄
nThe river narrows at this point.
a river rises somewhere formal (=it starts there) 河流发源于某地
nThe River Euphrates rises in Turkey and flows through Syria.
cross a river 过河
nCross the river by the road bridge and then turn right.
ford a river (=cross a river on foot, in a vehicle, or on a horse, without using a bridge) 涉水过河
nThe water was shallow enough for us to be able to ford the river.
navigate a river (=travel along a river in a boat) 沿河航行
nThe narrow cliffs once made the river dangerous to navigate.
adjectives
wide/broad 宽的
We crossed the wide River Rhone the following morning.
第二天早上，我们渡过了宽阔的罗讷河。
long 长的
The Severn is the longest river in Britain.
塞文河是英国最长的河流。
swollen/high (=containing more water than usual) 上涨的
After the rains, the river was swollen.
雨后河水上涨。
nThe river was high and running quite swiftly.
fast-flowing 湍急的
The child fell into a fast-flowing river.
那个孩子掉进了湍急的河水中。
a mighty river (=very big and impressive) 浩荡的河流
Cairo sits at the mouth of the mighty river Nile.
开罗位于浩荡的尼罗河的河口。
a river is navigable (=people are able to travel along it in a boat) 河流可通航
nThe river is navigable in the winter months.
river + NOUN
the river bank 河岸
Crowds lined the river banks to watch the boat race.
人群站在河两岸观看划船比赛。
a river bed (=the bottom of a river) 河床
nThey walked along a dry river bed.
a river valley 河谷
nThey came to a wide river valley.
phrases
the banks of a river (=the land near a river) 河（两）岸
He bought a house on the banks of the River Wye.
他在瓦伊河岸边买了一栋房子。
the mouth of a river (=where it joins the sea) 河口
The Statue of Liberty stands at the mouth of the Hudson River.
自由女神像坐落在哈得孙河河口。
the source of a river (=the place where it starts) 河的源头
nWhere exactly is the source of the River Ganges?
the upper/lower etc reaches of a river (=the upper, lower etc parts) 河的上游/下游等
nWe sailed down the lower reaches of the river.
a bend in a river 河的弯道
nHe rounded a bend in the river and saw Flora sitting there.
a river is in spate British EnglishBrE (=it is very full and the water is flowing very quickly) 河水猛涨
nThe snow had just melted and the rivers were in spate.
n THESAURUS
river a line of water that flows into the sea
They crossed the river by ferry.
the River Tweed
the Yangtze river
tributary a stream or river that flows into a larger river
The River Trombetas is a tributary of the River Amazon.
estuary the wide part of a river where it goes into the sea
plans to build a big new airport on the Thames estuary
canal a long passage dug into the ground and filled with water, either for boats to travel along, or to take water to a place
Venice’s famous canals
a canal boat
delta an area of low land where a river spreads into many smaller rivers near the sea
the Nile delta
a small river
stream a small narrow river
a cool mountain stream
brook literary a small stream
There was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along between green banks.
creek a narrow area of sea that goes into the land, or a small river
The River Fal with its many creeks was a perfect place for smugglers.
The kids hunted for crabs in the muddy creek.
parts of a river
mouth the part of a river where it joins the sea
Havre-Marat was a port at the mouth of the River Seine.
bank land along the side of a river
the river bank
He owns a chateau on the banks of the River Loire.
source the place where a river or stream starts
The source of the River Nile was discovered by a British explorer, John Speke.
Examples from the Corpus
river• In the dry season, the wonderfully cool river water is a stunning blue-green in the deep pools below the falls.• The toll includes drowned livestock, ruined wheat crops and boats torn from their moorings on rivers around the north state.• The other rivers from the Pennines are roughly the same size.• Transnational oil and mining companies pollute rivers and finance grossly disruptive mines.• He lit one of his Gauloise cigarettes, sat back in his chair, and stared at the river in silence.• A passenger sitting next to me flung a coin into the river with great enthusiasm.• The river was dangerous here, still gnawing at the rim of the path.
across a river• Former railroad rights of way cut across river bottoms that used to be littered with bustling towns.• He claimed later to have invented a method of transporting armed men across rivers using pontoons for shoes.
river of• The cut caused a small river of blood to flow down his arm.
Origin river
(1200-1300) Old French rivere, from Latin riparius “of a river bank”, from ripa “bank, shore”
riv·er noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n USAGE1
→COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

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