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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 335 COCA: 296

community

Word family 
com·mu·ni·ty /kəˈmjuːnəti/ ●●● S1 W1 noun (plural communities)  
1  PEOPLE[countableC]SOCIETY the people who live in the same area, town etc 〔同住一地的人所构成的〕社区
 The new arts centre will serve the whole community.
这座新的艺术中心将为整个社区服务。
 community education programmes
社区教育计划
community relations/affairs/needs etc
 We meet once a month to discuss community problems.
我们一个月碰头一次讨论社区问题。
community groups/leaders etc
 Community leaders met to discuss the proposed golf course.
社区领导人见面讨论拟建高尔夫球场一事。
community spirit (=the desire to be friendly with and help other people who live in the same community) 社区精神〔指同一社区内友好互助的精神〕
2  [countableC]GROUP OF PEOPLE a group of people who have the same interests, religion, race etc 〔由有着相同兴趣、宗教信仰等的人构成的〕群体，团体
 different ethnic communities
不同的少数民族团体
the gay/black/Asian etc community
 the gay community in San Francisco
旧金山的同性恋群体
the business/academic/scientific etc community 商业界/学术界/科学界等
3  the community SOCIETYsociety and the people in it 社会；公众
 The trend is towards reintegrating mentally ill people into the community.
目前的趋势是将精神病人重新融入社会。
the international community (=all the countries of the world) 国际社会
 The president appealed to the international community for aid for the flood victims.
总统呼吁国际社会向水灾灾民提供援助。
Examples from the Corpus
the international community• A range of international treaties makes governments, armed groups and the international community responsible for putting these rights into practice.• But the international community was either blind or prepared to condone what we went through.• The Convention on Climate Change has become one of the most important treaties concluded by the international community.• In Dakar the international community will review its collective failure.• A clear warning from the international community about Dubrovnik is long overdue.• Prof Wilkinson points out that the international community might not decry unilateralist intervention provided that it approves of the outcome.
4. sense of community the feeling that you belong to a community 社区[团体]归属感
Examples from the Corpus
sense of community• Today's crowded world militates against a sense of community.• These were, first, what human psychic needs does a sense of community arise to satisfy?• Collectively taking care of our elderly provides a sense of community in our otherwise competitive economy.• A sense of community is a source of satisfaction that appeals to many.• There is an indescribable sense of community here.• The results highlighted the attachment people feel to their area and the strong sense of community spirit.• In turn, that sense of community is what is expected to make New Traditional neighborhoods desirable in this age of isolation.• To bring about this sense of community, Eliot includes historical and contemporary Londoners of various social classes.
5  PLANTS/ANIMALS[countableC]LIVE SOMEWHERE a group of plants or animals that live in the same environment 〔动植物的〕群落
 Communities of otters are slowly returning to British rivers.
水獭群慢慢地回到英国的河流里。
n GRAMMAR: Singular or plural verb?
Community is usually followed by a singular verb:
The whole community gets involved in planning the festival.
In British English, you can also use a plural verb:
The whole community get involved in planning the festival.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: the people who live in the same area, town etc
adjectives
the local community
Our school is the centre of the local community.
the whole community
The committee meets to discuss issues that affect the whole community.
a small/large community
75% of the population live in small communities of fewer than 450 people.
the wider community (=the community of which a small group is a part)
The sports centre is available to both the university and the wider community.
a rural community (=a community in a country area)
There is a need for better public transport for people in rural communities.
a village community
Outside the capital, most people live in village communities.
a farming community
a small farming community of about 1,000 inhabitants
a mining community
She was brought up in a small mining community in North Wales.
a close/close-knit/tight-knit community (=where all the people know each other)
I live in a close-knit community where there's lots of support.
a thriving community (=a community which is successful)
In the past the village was a thriving community with a number of shops.
community + NOUN
a community centre British EnglishBrE, community center American EnglishAmE (=where people can go for social events, classes etc)
A community centre is the ideal place for local residents to get together to discuss crime prevention.
a community group
Community groups do not have enough say over what is built in their neighbourhoods.
a community leader
Community leaders meet regularly to discuss local problems.
community services (=providing schools, health facilities, roads etc)
Some tax goes towards paying for your community services.
community relations
Poor community relations are more common in urban areas than in the rest of the country.
community spirit (=wanting to give friendship and support to other people who live in the same community)
There is great community spirit in the village where I live.
community care (=care for the sick, the old etc in their community rather than in hospital)
Several voluntary organizations are involved in providing community care.
community education
Community education includes classes, workshops, and summer schools.
phrases
a member of a community
It's good to feel that you are a member of a community.
a pillar of the community (=a well respected and active member of a community)
The doctor was regarded as a pillar of the local community.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: a group of people who have the same interests, religion, race etc
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + community
the business/scientific/academic etc community
The idea has received intense interest from the business community.
the Jewish/Christian/Muslim etc community
The mosque serves the local Muslim community.
a religious community (=people with a particular religion, who often keep themselves separate from society)
The buildings belong to a strict religious community.
the black/white/Asian etc community
The city has a large Asian community.
an ethnic community (=people of a particular race, usually one that is not white or not the majority in a country)
Most members of ethnic communities in Britain were born here.
the gay community (=people who are homosexual)
This part of the city has a large gay community.
a minority community (=people whose race, religion etc is different from most of the other people in the country)
There should be better provision for the needs of minority communities.
Examples from the Corpus
community• Community leaders met with city officials to discuss the proposed golf course.• More than 10,000 people responded, showing up at community forums and sending messages via the Internet.• Borrego Springs, a desert community, was the hottest place in the nation today.• These areas support diverse communities of birds and animals.• Miami has a large Cuban exile community.• the gay community• New York's Jewish community• It will be even more important for a school to have good communications with parents and the local community.• The murder has shocked the local community.• We arrived on Flag Day, and this proud community put its colors on display.• For the community of disciples the crucifixion was not the end.• Few now seek residential care because of that support in the community.• He was one of the community, he knew everyone, their backgrounds and where their sympathies lay.• In Phoenix the community development block grant was implemented within this context of rapid development.• An arts center will benefit the whole community.
community spirit• Such a community spirit is also reinforced through the shared misfortune of mining disasters.• Extensive travel, fine knowledge in marketing, public relations and community spirit will be helpful.• The results highlighted the attachment people feel to their area and the strong sense of community spirit.• Other factors have contributed to the weakening of community spirit.• Benefit yourself and others and enter into the community spirit for the coming year.• But above all I shall remember the community spirit that emerged.• This community spirit even extends beyond Silver Lake proper.
the business/academic/scientific etc community• Once an explanation has been accepted by the scientific community as a whole, it is very hard to dislodge it.• Leadership also must come from the business community.• Depending on the circumstances, key players came from within the high schools, the colleges, or the business community.• It follows that the academic community and research are directly interrelated.• But reservations such as his were drowned out in the widespread cacophony of support-including from throughout the academic community.• The symbol gets the same message across to your existing employees, to the business community and to the general public.
From Longman Business Dictionary
communitycom·mu·ni·ty /kəˈmjuːnəti/ noun (plural communities) [countableC]
1all the people who live in the same area, city etc
The new arts centre will serve the whole community.
2a group of people who all share the same nationality, religion, or interests
Miami’s black community
3COMMERCE business community the companies, businesses, and businesspeople operating in an area
Edinburgh’s business community
4COMMERCEORGANIZATIONS the business community businesspeople acting as a group in order to influence government or public opinion
The business community isn’t happy with some of the Democratic Party’s proposals.
5the international community all the countries of the world
The international community agreed that industrialised countries should allocate 4% of overall foreign aid to population programmes.
Origin community
(1300-1400) Old French comuneté, from Latin communitas, from communis; → COMMON1
com·mu·ni·ty noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1
→n COLLOCATIONS2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 335 COCA: 296
community

noun

ADJECTIVE | COMMUNITY + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤large, small大社區；小社區▸➤close, close-knit, tight-knit緊密團結的社區◇a close-knit fishing community成員關係密切的漁民社區➤diverse多樣化的社區▸➤lively, thriving, vibrant活躍的團體；繁榮的社區；充滿活力的社區▸➤global, international全球／國際社會➤local地方社區▸➤broader, wider周邊社區◇the concerns of the local and wider community本地與周邊社區的關切所在➤disadvantaged, low-income, poor, underserved (NAmE) 處於弱勢的／低收入的／貧窮的／服務水平低下的社區▸➤ethnic, expatriate, immigrant, minority民族團體；僑民社區；移民社區；少數民族社區➤indigenous, native (NAmE) 原住民／本地人社區➤faith, religious宗教社區▸➤Asian, black, etc.亞裔、黑人等社區◇the Asian community in Britain英國的亞裔社區➤Christian, Muslim, etc.基督教、穆斯林等團體▸➤farming, mining, etc.農業界、礦業界等▸➤coastal, rural, village沿海／鄉村／農村社區➤urban城市社區▸➤academic, business, intelligence, medical, scientific學術界；商業界；知識界；醫學界；科學界➤gay, lesbian同性戀／女同性戀圈子➤gated, residential, retirement (all NAmE) 封閉式社區；居民區；退休社區➤blogging, online, virtual博客／網上／虛擬社區COMMUNITY + NOUN➤service, work社區服務／工作➤policing社區警務▸➤care (BrE) 社區關懷➤centre/center社區中心➤college, garden, hospital, library, park (all NAmE) 社區學院／花園／醫院／圖書館／公園➤spirit社區精神◇The town has a strong community spirit.該鎮有一種強烈的社區意識。➤relations社區關係▸➤action, development, outreach社區行動／發展／擴展服務➤involvement, participation社區參與▸➤activist, leader, organizer (NAmE) 社區活動家／領袖／組織者➤group, organization社區團體／組織PREPOSITION➤in a/the community, within a/the community在團體內◇divisions within the scientific community科學家群體內的分化PHRASES➤the community as a whole, the community at large整個社區◇an initiative that should benefit the community at large將會造福整個社區的倡議➤a/the community of faith (NAmE) 宗教信仰群體➤a member of the community社區的一員➤part of a community社區的部份➤a pillar of the community (= a strong supporter of the community) , a sense of community社區的支柱；社區意識◇There is a strong sense of community in this town.該鎮有一種強烈的社區意識。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 335 COCA: 296
community noun
⇨ community (the local community) ⇨ culture (the city's Asian community)community

noun

community ♦︎ society ♦︎ population ♦︎ the public ♦︎ the country ♦︎ the nationThese are all words for all the people who live in a country or area. 这些词均表示一个国家或地区的所有人口、国民、民众。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the community / society / the population / the public / the country / the nation at large◆the community / society / the population / the public / the country / the nation as a whole◆the entire community / population / country / nation◆the general community / population / public◆the wider community / society / population / public◆to shock the community / public / country / nation◆the rest of the community / society / the population / the country / the nation◆a section / cross-section of the community / society / the population / the public◆a member of the community / society / the population / the public■ community [singular] all the people who live in a particular local area when talked about as a group 社区；社会◆The local community was shocked by the murders.当地社会对这些谋杀案感到震惊。◆There needs to be more support for the elderly in the community (= in the local area).对社区内的老年人需要提供更多帮助。◆He urged the international community (= the countries of the world as a group) to take decisive action on debt relief.他呼吁国际社会就债务减免问题采取果断行动。■ society [uncountable] people in general, living together in communities 社会（以群体形式生活在一起的人的总称）◆They carried out research into the roles of men and women in today's society.他们就男女在当今社会中扮演的角色展开研究。◆Racism exists at all levels of society.种族主义存在于社会各阶层。■ population [countable + singular or plural verb, uncountable] all the people who live in a particular area, city or country; the total number of people who live somewhere （地区、城市或国家的）人口，人口数量◆One third of the world's population consumes two thirds of the world's resources.世界上三分之一的人口消耗着全球三分之二的资源。◆Muslims make up 55% of the population.穆斯林占人口的55%。◆Japan has a very high population density.日本的人口密度很高。■ the public [singular + singular or plural verb] the ordinary people in a country, especially when compared with politicians or famous people 平民，百姓，民众（尤与政界人物或名人相对）◆The public has the right to know what is contained in the report.民众有权了解报告的内容。◆The palace is now open to the public.这座宫殿现已向公众开放。  see also the general public ⇨ general public ■ the country [singular] all the people of a country 全国人民；国民；全民◆It was the rich, rather than the country as a whole, that benefited from the reforms.是富人，而非全体国民从改革中得益了。◆The issue of the single currency has divided the country.国民对单一货币问题存在分歧。■ the nation [singular] all the people of a country 全国人民；国民；全民◆The entire nation, it seemed, was watching TV.好像全国的人都在看电视。◆The savage murder shocked the nation.残忍的凶杀案震惊全国。NOTE 辨析 The country or the nation?In many cases you can use either word. The country is used slightly more when talking about political and economic issues; the nation is used slightly more when talking about cultural issues. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用。the country略多用于谈及政治和经济问题，the nation略多用于谈及文化问题。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 335 COCA: 296
community
Inhabitants, citizens and citizenship: aboriginal, birthright, the body politic...
Community and the feeling of belonging to a community: absorb, absorption, accept...
Groups of people with shared interests or aims: association, commission, organization...
Groups of people who live together or in the same place: colony, commune, community...
Culture, society and civilization: advanced, civilisation, civilise...
Groups of specific living things: brace, colony, community...

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