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BNC: 14 COCA: 12

that

Word family 
that1 /ðæt/ ●●● S1 W1 determiner , pronoun  
1  (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/)XX used to refer to a person, thing, idea etc that has already been mentioned or is already known about 那，那个〔指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等〕
 ‘You never cared about me.’ ‘That’s not true.’
“你从不关心我。”“那不是事实。”
 I wish you wouldn’t say things like that.
我希望你不要那么说。
 What did you do with those sandwiches?
那些三明治你怎么处理了？
 Victoria Street? That’s where my sister lives.
维多利亚街？我的姐姐就住在那儿。
 Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins who came to dinner?
你还记得那位来这儿吃过晚饭的好人霍斯金斯先生吗？
 I’ve got that pain in my back again.
我的背又疼起来了。
 He killed a man once and that’s why he had to leave Ireland.
他曾杀死过一个人，这就是他不得不离开爱尔兰的原因。
 ‘We’ve been cheated, ’ she said. Those were her exact words.
“我们被骗了。”她说。这是她的原话。
 ‘I have to go, ’ she said, and with that (=after saying that) she hung up the phone.
“我得走了。”说完她就把电话挂了。
2  /ðət/ used after a noun as a relative pronoun like ‘who’, ‘whom’, or ‘which’ to introduce a clause 〔用于名词后，相当于who，whom 或 which 一类的关系代词，以引出从句〕
 There are lots of things that I need to buy before the trip.
去旅行之前我需要买很多东西。
 the people that live next door
住在隔壁的人
 They’ve got a machine that prints names on badges.
他们有一台机器，可以在徽章上印上名字。
 the greatest boxer that ever lived
有史以来最伟大的拳击手
 Who was it that said ‘The Law’s an Ass’?
“法律是狗屁”这句话是谁说的？
 The day that my father died, I was on holiday in Greece.
我父亲去世的那天，我正在希腊度假。
5 GRAMMAR 语法
That is often left out when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause. 关系从句中，that用作动词宾语时，常省略
They have not kept the promises they made (= that they made ).
他们没能践行诺言。
That can only be used as a relative pronoun to specify a person or thing, not to add extra information. When adding extra information, use who or which . that用作关系代词时，只特指人或事物，不是补充内容。补充内容用who或which
She had to look after her husband, who was ill.
她得照顾生病的丈夫。
n Grammar
In everyday English, that is often omitted when it is the object of the relative clause: 关系从句中，that用作动词宾语时，常省略
I like the clothes that she wears.
I like the clothes she wears.
You do not omit that when it is the subject of the clause:
The family that lives downstairs is Polish.
✗Don’t say: The family lives downstairs is Polish.
3  (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) formalXX used to refer to a particular person or thing of the general type that has just been mentioned 那，那个，那种〔用于指某类人或事物所属的大类〕
4  those who people who …的人，那些…的人
5  at that ADDused after adding a piece of information which emphasizes and increases what you have just said 此外，而且〔用于强调并增加内容〕
Examples from the Corpus
at that• Party managers arrived at that conclusion because that is the way they had treated their own party for the past eight years.• That would mean they've taken something like ten miles at that point.• None of these four and five-year-olds could read at that stage.• It contained at that time 23 houses.• This was not so easy at that time as the crewing arrangements were very much of a closed shop.• An intelligent computer-based agent will have determined that you will be on that flight at that time, in that seat.• Lifeguards at that time reported that the whale appeared lethargic and did not attempt to swim away once freed from the kelp.• So personal growth at that time was in high leaps forward rather than in little trickles.
6  that is (to say) MEANINGused to give more exact information about something or to correct a statement 亦即，那就是说，换句话说
Examples from the Corpus
that is (to say)• Could you describe the current selling collection hanging out there in a gallery that is also your front room?• But it is not a dream that is likely to come true, though perhaps not for the obvious reason.• You won't convince me that the answer to that is necessary for your enquiry.• I look to the current discussions, and also to the United States, to give the ground that is needed.• First, that is not so.• Scientific knowledge is not proven knowledge, but it does represent knowledge that is probably true.• A standard of service that is second to none, with a speed and quality guarantee for all repairs.• One solution would be to change the shape of the TV screen -- that is, to make it wider.• Uncomplicated computer interface that is truly easy to use.
 SPOKEN PHRASES
n USAGE: That, who, which
You use that as a relative pronoun when saying which person or thing you are talking about:
This is the friend that I told you about.
They didn't have the book that I wanted.
That can be omitted:
This is the friend I told you about.
They didn't have the book I wanted.
You use who or which when adding extra information about the person or thing:
She looked after her husband, who was ill.
她得照顾生病的丈夫。
I did it myself, which was difficult.
In clauses like this, who or which can not be omitted. ✗Don’t say: She looked after her husband, that was ill.
You use who when talking about a person:
There's the man who I saw yesterday.
Don't use which about people. ✗Don’t say: She looked after her husband, which was ill.
You can also use that when talking about a person. That is used about both people and things:
There's the man that I saw yesterday.
In clauses like this, both that and who can be omitted:
There's the man I saw yesterday.
Examples from the Corpus
that• Look at those men in that car. What on earth are they doing?• That last test was a lot easier than this one.• When are you going to give me that money you owe me?• No, I wanted that one over there.• He met Bobby Jones on Monday of that week.• I saw that woman again today.
with that• It has very little - nothing - to do with that.• Be careful with that audio recording.• All with that Donahue sense of nice-guys-can-do-this attitude.• Stick with that idea of hearing the lovely sounds of good golf.• There's nothing wrong with that, Miss Honey.• Though an opponent of the more rigid scholastics, Weigel sought a reconciliation of modern philosophy with that of Aristotle.• Most of us live with that possibility because it is part of the human condition to know that disaster can strike.• There is an aesthetic, if we can dignify it with that word, which distinguishes blood sports from each other.
that of• His own experience is different from that of his friends.
that2 /ðət/ ●●● S1 W1 conjunction  
1  INTRODUCEused after verbs, nouns, and adjectives to introduce a clause which shows what someone says or thinks, or states a fact or reason 〔用于动词、名词或形容词后引导一个从句，表示某人所说或所想，或陈述一个事实或理由〕
2  used after a phrase with ‘so’ or ‘such’ to introduce a clause that shows the result of something 以至于〔用于与so或such连用的短语之后，引导表示结果的从句〕
3  used to introduce a clause that refers to a fact, when describing it 〔用于引导一个从句描述某个事实〕
4  formalTO/IN ORDER TO in order that something may happen or someone may do something 使得
5  literaryWANT used to express a wish for something to happen or be true, especially when this is not possible 真希望，但愿
→ so (that) at so2(2)
Examples from the Corpus
that• Oh, that Glenda were alive to see this.• We pray that he may recover soon.• That he talked about it to reporters surprises me.• Joe said that his girlfriend is coming to visit.• I think Vic feels threatened by the fact that I'm smarter than he is.• I can't believe that she told you.
that3 /ðæt/ ●●● S1 W2 adverbadv [+adj/adverbadv]  
1  spokenAMOUNT used to say how big, how much etc, especially when you are showing the size, amount etc with your hands 那么〔大、多等〕〔尤指通过手势比画来表示大小、数量等〕
2  [usually in negatives] spoken as much as in the present situation or as much as has been stated 那么，那样
3  not (all) that long/many etc spokenVERY used to mean fairly short, only a few etc 没有那么长/那么多等〔表示相当短、仅一点点等〕
Examples from the Corpus
not (all) that long/many etc• So there is not that long a wait.• McPhail, 20, is making a run for the board not that long after having graduated from the system himself.• I was told the rules, there were not that many and most were sensible.• Thankfully there were not that many in cars.• He doesn't recognize the name, not that many people seem to know his or that of his publisher.• Well, maybe not that many things.• And not that many women really feel comfortable going for the jugular.• He would do the job himself if he had the time-and had the job not that many years ago.
4  British EnglishBrE spoken informalLOT/VERY MUCH used to emphasize how big, bad, much etc something is 那么〔用于强调程度〕
Examples from the Corpus
that• In actual fact the two fish are not that alike.• They won't be in that early.• But most existing transparent magnets - which are usually made of iron borate - are not actually all that magnetic.
Origin that1
Old English thæt
that1 determiner →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→n USAGE1 →SPOKEN PHRASES1that2 conjunction →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2that3 adverbadv
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 14 COCA: 12
BNC: 14 COCA: 12
BNC: 14 COCA: 12
that
Using a telephone: answer, busy, call...
Ways of explaining or clarifying: after all, as, as a matter of fact...
General words used to describe size: by, disproportionate, double...
Very and very much: very, particularly, deeply...

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