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IELTS BNC: 2353 COCA: 2337

spending

Word family 
spend·ing /ˈspendɪŋ/ ●●○ noun [uncountableU]  
SPEND MONEYthe amount of money spent, especially by a government or organization 〔尤指政府或组织的〕支出，开销，花费 SYN expenditure
government/public/defence etc spending
 a plan to increase military spending
增加军费的计划
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + spending
public/government/state spending
The government is determined to keep public spending under control.
They called for increased government spending on education.
federal spending
He said his goal could be reached by slashing federal spending.
consumer spending (=spending by members of the public)
There are some signs that consumer spending is beginning to pick up.
defence/welfare/education etc spending (=spending on defence etc)
Further cuts in defence spending are being considered.
campaign spending
Should there be stricter limits on campaign spending?
verbs
increase/raise spending
He has increased public spending and raised taxes.
cut/reduce spending
The alternative is to cut spending.
n THESAURUS
spending the amount of money that is spent, especially by a government or other organization
Company spending on staff benefits has been cut dramatically in recent years.
There has been a huge increase in government spending.
military spending
expenditure formal the amount of money that a government, organization, or person spends during a particular period of time – used especially in official documents or reports
British defence expenditure was consistently high during this period.
military expenditure
Expenditure on advertising has gone down.
costs the money that a person or organization has to spend on heating, rent, wages etc
What are your annual fuel costs?
Falling sales have forced companies to cut costs.
expenses the money that you spend on things that you need, for example on food, rent, and travel
Living expenses are much higher in New York.
I kept a record of all my travel expenses so that I could claim them back.
outgoings the money that someone has to spend regularly on rent, bills, food etc for their home or business
The outgoings on a house this size are very high.
outlay the amount of money that someone must spend when they first start a new business or activity
The initial outlay on machinery was quite high.
overheads British EnglishBrE, overhead American EnglishAmE the money that a business spends regularly on rent, insurance, and other things that are needed to keep the business operating
In London, small businesses often have high overheads.
Examples from the Corpus
spending• By 1979, local-government current spending and manpower was at its highest level.• Government must decide at the same time how much to spend and how to pay for spending.• The committee called for greater emphasis on language at all educational levels, with increased spending on staffing, accommodation and other resources.• But whatever the explanation, there can be little doubt that local spending became a target for central control.• The largest allocation went on defence, at 21.3 percent of recurrent spending.• Home shopping as a whole accounts for only 3% of retail spending.• Such critics want bolder measures to cut taxation and state spending.
government/public/defence etc spending• Rockefeller believed society could be bettered by public spending and public architecture.• The variations in local government spending on single issues of some political contention are even more marked.• That massive government spending has helped the construction industry survive the downturn.• But the public continues to equate new public spending with profligacy and corruption. 10.• Actually, estimates for the ratio of public spending to National Income vary widely, depending on the definitions used for each item.• But if this was to be achieved then public spending - as a proportion of national wealth - had to come down.• Nevertheless, the share of national income going to government spending on goods and services is now falling.• Geoffrey Howe wanted public spending economies.
From Longman Business Dictionary
spendingspend·ing /ˈspendɪŋ/ noun [uncountableU]ACCOUNTINGECONOMICSFINANCE
the amount of money spent, especially by a government or organization
The slump in high street spending could reduce imports.
a rise in consumer spending
Spending cuts are being imposed to keep the currency stable.
The Dallas-based firm says it plans capital spending of $650m.
the need to control public spending (=money spent by the government)
spending on
Spending on goods and services is down.
→ deficit spending → discretionary spending
spend·ing noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
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Syllable
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See also: spend

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