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IELTS BNC: 439 COCA: 608

difficult

Word family 
dif·fi·cult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj  
1  DIFFICULThard to do, understand, or deal with 困难的，不易解决的 OPP easy
 a difficult question
难解的问题
 an immensely difficult task
极为艰巨的任务
 Was the exam very difficult?
这次考试很难吗？
 It’s difficult to see how more savings can be made.
想要进一步节约看来是很难了。
difficult (for somebody) to understand/find/obtain etc
 That’s rather difficult for me to explain.
我很难作出解释。
 He’s finding it difficult to get a job.
他发现找工作很难。
2  PROBLEMinvolving a lot of problems and causing a lot of trouble or worry 有困难的，有问题的，有麻烦的
 a difficult situation
难办的局面
 Things are a bit difficult at home at the moment.
目前家里的事情有点麻烦。
 There could be difficult times ahead.
往后可能会遇到困难的时候。
make life/things difficult for somebody (=cause problems for someone) 使某人日子难过；刁难某人
 She’s doing everything she can to make life difficult for him.
她想方设法让他日子难过。
3  BAD-TEMPEREDsomeone who is difficult never seems pleased or satisfied 难以取悦的，不易相处的，不易满足的 SYN awkward
 Don’t be so difficult!
别这么挑剔！
 a difficult customer
苛刻的顾客
 THESAURUS
difficult not easy to do, understand, or deal with 困难的,不易的
a difficult question
难题
The homework was really difficult.
家庭作业真的很难。
It is difficult to see how peace can be achieved in the region.
这个地区要想实现和平看来很难。
hard difficult. Hard is less formal than difficult and is very common in spoken English 困难的〔不如difficult正式,常见于英语口语〕
The test was really hard.
测验真的很难。
a hard decision
艰难的决定
It was hard to forgive him.
很难原谅他。
tough very difficult, because you have to use a lot of effort, or because it affects you emotionally 艰难的〔因需要很大的努力,或因情感上受影响〕
a tough race
艰苦的竞赛
Doctors have to make tough decisions about who to treat first.
医生必须作出先治疗谁的艰难决定。
nThe team faces some tough competition.
nLife is tough sometimes.
tricky difficult because it is complicated and full of problems 难对付的
She had helped him out of a tricky situation.
她帮助他脱离了困境。
Merging the two companies was bound to be tricky.
合并两家公司肯定不好办。
awkward rather difficult to deal with – used especially when something could be embarrassing 棘手的〔尤指令人尴尬〕
You’ve put me in a very awkward position.
你让我处于一个非常尴尬的境地。
nIt was getting dark and foggy, which made the rescue even more awkward.
challenging difficult in an interesting or enjoyable way 有挑战性的
I wanted a job that was more challenging.
我想要一份更具挑战性的工作。
a challenging piece of music
一首有挑战性的乐曲
demanding difficult and tiring, because it takes a lot of effort 要求高的,费力的
Being a nurse in a busy hospital is a demanding job.
在忙碌的医院当护士是很累人的工作。
nit can be very demanding bringing up young children.
daunting if something seems daunting, you think that it will be difficult and you do not feel confident about being able to do it 让人望而生畏的
a daunting challenge
一项令人生畏的挑战
The task seemed a little daunting at first.
任务一开始似乎有点令人望而却步。
delicate needing to be dealt with carefully or sensitively, especially in order to avoid offending people or causing problems 微妙的,需要谨慎处理的
This is a very delicate subject, and it can be difficult to talk about it with your parents.
这是个很微妙的话题,很难和父母讲。
nHe thanked me for the way in which this delicate matter had been handled.
COLLOCATIONS CHECK
difficult question/decision/situation/problem etc
hard question/decision/test
tough question/decision/job/game/race
tricky question/situation/position/moment
awkward question/situation/position/moment
challenging job
demanding work/schedule/course
daunting task/challenge/prospect
delicate subject/matter/issue
Examples from the Corpus
difficult• To be a member of more than two or three real teams at the same time is difficult.• Stop being difficult!• When Darren was a little boy, he was very difficult at times.• This is made more difficult by the speed at which new stores are now built.• I'd like to thank the staff for working very hard in these difficult conditions.• Heavy snow will mean difficult driving conditions in some areas.• My mother's illness makes it difficult for her to walk.• The reading exercise was very difficult for most of the children.• a difficult job• Felipe takes me to the coast too but it is a bit difficult now that I can not see.• That's a good question, but it's a difficult one to answer.• Officials say they are in the difficult position of having to implement a law they strongly.• In its good fortune, Sears may illustrate several keys to thriving in a difficult retail environment.• Things at home have been very difficult since my father died.• My wife and I have gone through some difficult times.• The difficulty with habits is that they are difficult to change.• It's very difficult to find people who are willing to do the job.• Until now, patients often found it difficult to get information about their rights.• According to industry officials, a new breed of digital phone transmits in computer code that is much more difficult to intercept.• The insects are so small that they are difficult to see without using a microscope.• Being almost the colour of the rocks, the Harpies are difficult to spot before they move.• Campbell has the reputation of being difficult to work with.• More difficult would be patients with a deep seated psychological problem which would require more than three months' treatment.
finding it difficult• Adrian was finding it difficult to concentrate.• His long, inexplicable silence had resulted in her feeling such misery that she was finding it difficult to eat or sleep.• The World Bank is finding it difficult to improve its image.• I am finding it difficult to keep up this diary knowing you are away.• He's finding it difficult to picture.• His daughter, however, is still finding it difficult to recover from her traumatic assault in New York.• And with good reason: the signs are that Saatchi is finding it difficult to sell the management consultancy division alone.• But most of them were also finding it difficult to stop smiling.
make life/things difficult for somebody• Having to adopt the fast-track method made life difficult for all three.• Cabins were 71 steps down, making life difficult for disabled passengers.• The lack of economic statistics has made life difficult for economists and money managers for the past few weeks.• He made things difficult for her in a way he hadn't done with me.• But it made things difficult for me, at times.• Is the guy trying to make life difficult for music critics, or what?• She is making life difficult for Tommy and himself.• Inside the towns they make life difficult for you.
Origin difficult
(1300-1400) difficulty
dif·fi·cult adjectiveadj →THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 439 COCA: 608
difficult

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, look, prove, remain, seem, sound困難；看上去困難；證實困難；仍然困難；似乎困難；聽起來很難▸➤become, get變得困難◇It is getting more and more difficult to find a job.找工作越來越難了。➤make sth使⋯困難◇The fog made driving very difficult.大霧使得開車很困難。➤find sth發覺⋯困難ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極為／頗為／非常困難▸➤exceedingly, extraordinarily, incredibly, particularly極其／分外／難以置信地／尤其困難▸➤doubly倍加困難◇Her disability made taking care of the home and raising a family doubly difficult.她的殘疾令顧家養家難上加難。➤increasingly越來越難▸➤a little, slightly, etc.有點兒／稍有困難▸➤notoriously眾所周知地困難◇Birth rates are notoriously difficult to predict.眾所周知，出生率是很難預測的。
IELTS BNC: 439 COCA: 608
difficult adj.
⇨ difficult 1 (a difficult task) ⇨ difficult 2 (make life difficult for sb) ⇨ perverse (a difficult customer)difficult1

adjective

 a difficult task 艰巨的任务make life difficult for sb 给某人找麻烦perversea difficult customerdifficult ♦︎ hard ♦︎ challenging ♦︎ demanding ♦︎ taxing ♦︎ testingThese words all describe sth that is not easy and requires a lot of effort or skill to do. 这些词均表示费力的、难做的、艰巨的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆difficult / hard / challenging / demanding / taxing for sb◆difficult / hard to do sth◆difficult / hard to believe / see / tell / say◆a difficult / hard / challenging / demanding / taxing / testing time / week / year◆difficult / hard / challenging / demanding / taxing work◆a difficult / hard / challenging / demanding / taxing job◆a difficult / hard / challenging / demanding task / target◆a difficult / hard / challenging / taxing / testing question◆very / quite difficult / hard / challenging / demanding / taxing / testing◆physically difficult / hard / challenging / demanding / taxing◆emotionally difficult / challenging / demanding / taxing◆technically difficult / challenging / demanding◆mentally / intellectually challenging / demanding / taxing■ difficult not easy; needing effort or skill to do or understand 困难的；费力的；难做的；难解的◆It's really difficult to read your writing.你的笔迹真是难以辨认。◆It can be difficult for young people to find jobs around here.年轻人要在这附近找到工作可能有困难。◆We didn't realize how difficult it was going to be.我们当时并没有意识到这将会有多难。◆Senior lawyers handle the most difficult cases.资深律师负责处理最棘手的案子。OPP easy , simple ⇨ easy 1   see also difficulty ⇨ problem ■ hard difficult 困难的；费力的；难做的；难解的◆I always found languages quite hard at school.上学时我总觉得语言很难学。◆It was one of the hardest things I ever did.这是我做过的最难的事情之一。◆It must be hard for her, bringing up four children on her own.她一人抚养四个孩子一定很困难。◆It's hard to believe she's only nine years old.很难相信她只有九岁。◆'When will the job be finished?' 'It's hard to say.'“这活儿什么时候能干完？”“难说。”◆I find his attitude quite hard to take (= difficult to accept).他的态度让我难以接受。OPP easy ⇨ easy 1 NOTE 辨析 Difficult or hard? Hard is slightly less formal than difficult. It is used particularly in the structure hard to believe/say/find/take/come by, etc., although difficult can also be used in any of these examples. 与difficult相比，hard略为不正式，尤用于hard to believe/say/find/take/come by等结构。当然，difficult也可用于这些结构。■ challenging (approving) difficult in an interesting way that tests your ability 挑战性的；考验能力的◆I have had a challenging and rewarding career as a teacher.我从事过富有挑战性且非常有意义的教师职业。◆We have changed the programme to make it more academically challenging.我们已经修改了这个课程，使其更具学术挑战性。  see also challenge ⇨ problem ■ demanding difficult to do or deal with and needing a lot of effort, skill or patience 费力的；需要技能（或耐性）的◆It is a technically demanding piece of music to play.演奏这段音乐需要有高超的技艺。◆This event is considered one of the most demanding in the sporting calendar.这项比赛是全年体育赛事中最具挑战性的项目之一。OPP undemanding ⇨ easy 1 ■ taxing (often used in negative statements 常用于否定陈述) difficult to do and needing a lot of mental or physical effort 费力的；伤脑筋的；繁重的◆This shouldn't be too taxing for you.这对于你来说不至于太费劲。◆There was nothing intellectually taxing about the excercise.这项练习很简单，根本不用费脑筋。■ testing difficult to deal with and needing particular strength or abilities 棘手的；繁重的；伤脑筋的◆This has been a testing time for us all.对我们大家来说，这是一段难熬的时间。NOTE 辨析 Demanding, taxing or testing? Demanding is the strongest of these words and describes tasks and experiences. It is often used with more or most or an adverb such as physically, mentally or emotionally that says in what way the activity is difficult. Taxing is used especially in negative statements and to talk about problems or tasks that need (or do not need) mental effort. Testing describes experiences but not tasks and is used particularly with time, week or year. 这三个词中demanding语气最强，指任务或经历艰难，常与more、most或physically、mentally、emotionally等副词连用，表示某方面有困难。taxing尤用于否定陈述，表示问题或任务需要（或不需要）费脑筋。testing用于形容经历而非任务，尤与time、week或year连用。difficult2

adjective

 a difficult task 艰巨的任务make life difficult for sb 给某人找麻烦perversea difficult customerdifficult ♦︎ tough ♦︎ bad ♦︎ hard ♦︎ adverse ♦︎ rough ♦︎ unfavourable ♦︎ disadvantageousThese words all describe sth that is full of problems or causes a lot of problems. 这些词均表示问题成堆的、麻烦的、不利的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆difficult / tough / bad / hard / unfavourable / disadvantageous for sb◆tough / hard / rough on sb◆unfavourable / disadvantageous to sb◆a difficult / a bad / a hard / an adverse / an unfavourable / a disadvantageous position◆a difficult / a tough / a bad / a hard / a rough / an unfavourable situation◆difficult / tough / bad / hard / adverse / rough / unfavourable conditions◆difficult / tough / adverse / unfavourable circumstances◆a difficult / tough / bad / hard / rough time / day / week / year◆a difficult / tough / hard / rough life / childhood◆a bad / an adverse / an unfavourable / a disadvantageous effect■ difficult involving or causing a lot of problems 问题很多的；造成麻烦的◆The next few months were quite difficult.随后几个月出现了很多问题。◆My boss is making life very difficult for me.老板总是给我找很多麻烦。◆What's the most difficult personal situation you've ever been in?你所经历过的最麻烦的个人困境是什么？◆There was a great deal of difficult terrain to be covered.要穿越许多难以通过的地带。  see also difficulty ⇨ problem ■ tough tʌf involving or causing a lot of problems, especially personal problems （尤指个人的问题）艰难的，棘手的◆She's been having a tough time of it.她最近的日子一直很难熬。◆This will be the toughest test of his leadership yet.这对他的领导工作将是最严峻的考验。◆It's tough out there in the real world.外面的现实世界有很多不如意。ⓘ Tough is a less general word than difficult and is used to talk about personal problems, not physical conditions. * tough不如difficult含义广，用于修饰个人问题而非自然环境◆tough terrain/weather conditions ■ bad full of problems; likely to cause problems in a particular situation 问题成堆的；可能引起麻烦的；不适当的◆Things were bad enough without her interfering.事情本来就够糟糕了，偏偏她又来管闲事。◆The situation couldn't get any worse.形势糟糕透了。◆It was the worst time of my life.那是我人生中最倒霉的一段时间。◆I think it was probably a bad time to ask him.我认为在那个时候问他可能不合适。◆He realized it had been a bad decision.他意识到那是个错误的决定。■ hard full of problems, especially because of bad conditions or a lack of money 艰难的；困苦的；困顿的◆My grandmother had a hard life.我祖母一生艰难。◆Times were hard at the end of the war.战争结束时生活很艰苦。◆Conditions were extremely hard in the camps.营地的生活条件极其恶劣。   see also hardship ⇨ trouble 2 ■ adverse ˈædvɜːs, ədˈvɜːs; NAmE ədˈvɜːrs [usually before noun] (rather formal) negative and unpleasant; having a negative effect on what you are trying to do 不利的；有害的；负面的◆Lack of money will have an adverse effect on the research programme.缺少资金将给这个研究方案带来不利影响。◆Adverse weather conditions meant the rescue had to be abandoned.恶劣天气意味着救援工作只能放弃。◆They have attracted strong adverse criticism.他们已招致强烈的非难。▸ adversely

adverb

◆This move could adversely affect the UK's position in the market.此举可能会损害英国的市场地位。■ rough difficult and unpleasant 艰苦的；困顿的◆He's had a really rough time recently.他最近真是困难重重。◆Life was rough on the streets.流浪街头的生活很艰难。◆They set sail in rough conditions.他们冒着风浪的危险起航了。ⓘ Life or times can be rough if they are full of personal problems or violence; conditions are rough if they are physically difficult. 用rough形容生活或时代，指充满个人问题或暴力；用rough形容环境，指自然环境恶劣。■ unfavourable (BrE) (NAmE unfavorable) ʌnˈfeɪvərəbl (formal) (of conditions or situations) not good and likely to cause problems or make sth more difficult （条件或形势）不利的，有害的◆The conditions were unfavourable for increased crop production.这些条件不利于农作物增产。◆The country's geographical position is highly unfavourable.这个国家的地理位置十分不利。 OPP favourable ⇨ valuable 2 ■ disadvantageous ˌdɪsædvænˈteɪdʒəs (formal) causing sb to be in a worse situation than other people; likely to cause problems 不利的；产生负面影响的◆The deal would not be disadvantageous to your company.这笔交易不会对你公司不利。◆Growing conditions here are disadvantageous.这里的生长条件很不利。OPP advantageous ⇨ valuable 2   see also disadvantage ⇨ disadvantage
IELTS BNC: 439 COCA: 608
difficult
Complicated and difficult to understand: complicated, difficult, complex...
Causing problems and disagreement: difficult, bad, embarrassing...
Difficult to do and involving a lot of effort: difficult, hard, tough...
Difficult or impossible to deal with: difficult, impossible, trying...
Words used to describe someone who is easily annoyed or difficult to please: bad-tempered, irritable, moody...
Not suitable or convenient: unsuitable, inappropriate, inconvenient...

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