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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1095 COCA: 1281

target

Word family 
Related topics: Military, Sport
tar·get1 /ˈtɑːɡɪt $ ˈtɑːr-/ ●●● S2 W2 AWL noun [countableC]  
1  aim 目标RESULT something that you are trying to achieve, such as a total, an amount, or a time 目标；指标 SYN goal
sales/attainment/growth etc targets
 demanding financial targets
很高的财务指标
target of
 the target of a one-third reduction in road accidents
道路交通事故减少三分之一的目标
target for
 Higher degrees in English are a target for foreign students.
获得英语高等学位是外国学生的目标。
 There is no target date for completion of the new project.
这个新的项目何时完工没有预定日期。
 The government may fail to meet (=achieve) its target of recycling 25% of domestic waste.
政府可能达不到回收利用25%的生活垃圾的目标。
 Jiang set annual growth targets of 8–9%.
江确定了8%至9%的年增长目标。
on target (=likely to achieve a target) 有可能实现目标
 The company says that growth of 10% is on target.
公司声称10%的增长目标可望实现。
► see thesaurus at aim
2  object of attack 攻击对象PMATTACK an object, person, or place that is deliberately chosen to be attacked 目标，对象
target for/of
 Railway stations are prime targets (=very likely targets) for bombs.
火车站是炸弹袭击的主要目标。
easy/soft target
 Cars without security devices are an easy target for the thief.
没有防盗装置的汽车很容易成为小偷下手的目标。
3  object of an action 行动的目标 the person or place that is most directly affected by an action, especially a bad one 对象；受影响的人[地方]
target for/of
 The area has become a prime target for supermarket development.
该地区成了发展超市的首选之地。
 The country is a target of criticism for its human rights record.
该国因其人权记录而成为批评的对象。
4  shooting 射击DS something that you practise shooting at, especially a round board with circles on it 〔射击的〕靶子
 The area is used by the army for target practice.
这个地方被军队用来练习打靶。
5  target audience/group/area etc Sa limited group, area etc that a plan, idea etc is aimed at 目标受众/群体/区域等
 Our target audience is men aged between 18 and 35.
我们的目标受众是18到35岁之间的男性。
Examples from the Corpus
target audience/group/area etc• The other major target group is those hospitalised with infectious illnesses.• The approach involves identifying variations in the functioning of target areas and relating those variations to known differences in cortical function.• Providing prevention materials to state health departments will ensure that target groups have ready access to such materials.• The key is to analyze the target audience, Half said.• We know the terrain in the target area is complicated, rugged.• Most of its students are the provincial poor, the target audience of leftist guerrilla groups.• The target areas were both moderate. income tracts of South Phoenix. 4.• It is worth reiterating here the point that the media offer a means of influencing your target audiences.
6. target language the language that you are learning or that you are translating into 目标语言，目的语；译入语
Examples from the Corpus
target language• This creates additional problems of target language suitability, problems which have yet to be solved.• You can use a camera in the classroom to let learners see and hear themselves communicating in the target language.• Differential grammar enables us to determine some of the main grammatical difficulties involved in learning the target language.• Module 1 is designed for beginners ie those with no prior knowledge of the target language.• For this reason, spoken language interpreters are specifically trained to reject the effects of their utterance of the target language.• Decide from the very beginning that your aim is to use the target language as much as possible in the sessions.• This can happen when the target language has a grammatical category which the source language lacks.• Is the contact of the learner with the target language group likely to be intermittent rather than extensive?
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: something that you are trying to achieve, such as a total, an amount, or a time
verbs
meet a target (=achieve what you want to achieve)
The government wants to meet its target of building three million new homes by 2020.
reach/achieve/hit a target (=meet it)
They achieved their target with just days to spare.
set a target
The company has set ambitious business targets.
exceed a target (=achieve more than you wanted to)
We have exceeded our target of £200,000.
fall short of a target (=achieve less than you wanted to)
Car production at the plant has fallen short of its target by 5%.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + target
ambitious/high
The targets they have set themselves are hugely ambitious.
modest (=not very high)
The Kyoto Protocol set fairly modest targets for reductions in greenhouse gases.
achievable/realistic
The target is achievable, but only by hard work.
a financial target
Both businesses exceeded their financial targets.
a sales target
I’m confident we will meet our sales target by the end of the year.
a growth target
The company’s growth targets have been achieved for the last three years.
target + NOUN
a target date
There is no target date set for completion of the new project.
a target figure
The government has set a target figure of 6.2%
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: an object, person, or place that is deliberately chosen to be attacked
adjectives
a prime target (=the most suitable or most likely to be chosen)
Sporting events could become a prime target for terrorists.
the main target
The rebel-held town is one of the main targets for U S troops.
an easy/soft target
Some criminals now regard churches as easy targets.
a sitting target (=someone who is easy to attack)
In the open, the soldiers are sitting targets.
somebody’s intended target
The gunman missed his intended target.
a military target
The group insists that its bombs were directed against military targets.
a civilian target
The army denied it had attacked civilian targets.
a legitimate target (=one that it is fair to attack)
The rebels claimed that trains carrying soldiers are a legitimate target.
verbs
attack a target
They have attacked military targets such as army camps and airfields.
hit a target
Not every bomb hit its target.
miss a target
All of the missiles missed their target and no-one was killed.
Examples from the Corpus
target• I set myself a target of learning 20 new words each week.• The GIA continued its attacks on civilian targets.• Hiring at the three previous centers took about twice as long as the company's 60-day target, Norden said.• It has been given the lowest efficiency target in the country by the Government's new Passenger's Charter.• Now, by budget resolutions, it establishes targets in May and final ceilings in September.• The bomb missed its target by several kilometres.• The company will reach its target of 12% growth this year.• The Communist Party has become the main target for critical attack among left wing intellectuals.• The company, named for a friend who died from an infection, would search for new targets for antibiotics.• How can they achieve maximum or target levels of profits or sales without precise information concerning their revenues and costs?• The government is struggling to reach its original target of $23 billion in spending cuts.• We produced 16,000 cars this year, but our target was 17,500.• Our target is the release of all political prisoners.• Holding a US passport makes these tourists a prime target for terrorists.• He set the wage levels, the production targets, the safety standards, and he really planned the whole industry.• The commonly used roads are the targets of heavy fire.• But just into the third there was movement around the target area.• The Institution has been the target of terrorist attack several times.• When the plane gets to the target area, it drops the missile and returns to base.• Kay was the target of a noisy demonstration in which 54 people were arrested.• The target for the appeal is £20,000, all of which will go to children's charities.
on target• Our year-end results were right on target.
easy/soft target• Young people are an easy target.• Well, the reader may say, he's small fry, an easy target.• Which, though he didn't know it, made her an easy target.• But to the criminal she's was just an easy target.• Every so often a rabbit would make a desperate, lung-bursting bid for freedom, only to provide an easy target for the twelve-bores.• So we opt for cheap grace, and easy targets, instead.• It was a natural and easy target for newspapers.
prime target• The area is a prime target for redevelopment.• The law and order section is a prime target for every kind of scam.• Although nationally distributed boxes do not change fronts often, the regional ones do, making them a prime target for collectors.• They are, therefore, a prime target for advertisers trying to reach an affluent market.• These factors, however, made the camps prime targets for enemy attack and bombardment.• The prime target market, then, is seen to be pre-retirement.• It was clear the police were looking for reporters, that they were prime targets.
target practice• Prisoners taken were blinded, mutilated, dragged behind the hooves of horses and used as target practice by archers.• Firstly in a country full of guns it doesn't do to stand there asking to become target practice.• For the cynics of the world, Philip Gould is easy target practice.• He knew that on these streets young kids with guns used people on the sidewalks for target practice.• It ensured that no trigger-happy missile controller would fail to observe the safety precautions and attempt a little target practice.• It is merely target practice using live targets.• After sundown, a bit of target practice on the estate, using his collection of sophisticated weapons.• A downtown establishment has always made for satisfying target practice.
Related topics: Military
target2 ●○○ AWL verb [transitiveT]  
1  RESULTto make something have an effect on a particular limited group or area 以…为目标，以…为对象
 The advertisement was designed to target a mass audience.
这个广告是针对大众的。
target something on/at somebody/something
 a new benefit targeted on low-income families
一项针对低收入家庭的新的福利
 The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.
该计划的目的是提高各年龄层妇女的健康水平。
2  PMATTACKto aim something at a target 把…对准，把…瞄向
target something on/at somebody/something
 The missiles are targeted at several key military sites.
这些导弹瞄准了几个主要的军事地点。
3  CHOOSEto choose a particular person or place to do something to, especially to attack them or criticize them 把…选为目标〔尤为了攻击或批评〕
Examples from the Corpus
target• These and other economic development proposals have emphasized targeting and leveraging to get maximum use of the federal dollars.• Warshaw says Waxman and other critics have charged that police are targeting black neighborhoods.• For example, they tried to link training placement to jobs, or to target construction jobs on local people.• The company may then target its efforts on these preferred locations.• Ireland is more ruthless still in targeting public health care.
From Longman Business Dictionary
targettar·get1 /ˈtɑːgətˈtɑːr-/ noun [countableC]
1an organization, industry, government etc that is deliberately chosen to have something done to it
target of
There was persistent speculation that the company could be the target of a takeover bid.
Computers are helping choose targets for direct-mail and telephone campaigns.
Europe will be the main target for rising South African coal exports.
→ takeover target
2a result such as a total, an amount, or a time which you aim to achieve
Dealers are under pressure to meet sales targets.
Bonuses were introduced for employees who met production targets.
The federal funds rate slipped to 7% from its target level of 8%.
3on target on the way to achieving a result
The export business is booming and the U.S. business is right on target.
4target customer/group/area etcMARKETING a limited group of people or area that a plan, idea etc is aimed at
Who is the target audience for this book?
These advertisements are aimed mainly at our target customers.
targettarget2 verb [transitiveT]
1to aim products, programmes of work, etc at a particular area or group of people
target something on something
We will target funds on areas of research where breakthroughs are imminent.
target something at something
The booklet is targeted at people approaching retirement.
2to choose someone or something for a particular type of treatment
The main markets targeted for development have been those of the US and Western Europe.
—targeted adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
Investing relatively small amounts in targeted areas can bring big profits.
a targeted advertising campaign
Origin target1
(1200-1300) Old French targette, from targe “small shield”
tar·get1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2target2 verb
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