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IELTS BNC: 2851 COCA: 2599
refugee

noun

refugee ♦︎ immigrant ♦︎ migrant ♦︎ expatriate ♦︎ exile ♦︎ emigrant ♦︎ asylum seeker ♦︎ evacueeThese are all words for sb who has left the place where they lived and is going or has gone to find a new place to live or stay. 这些词均表示移居别处的人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a would-be refugee / immigrant / migrant / emigrant / asylum seeker◆a genuine / bogus refugee / asylum seeker◆an illegal immigrant / migrant / emigrant◆a political refugee / exile / asylum seeker◆an economic refugee / migrant◆refugees / migrants / expatriates / exiles / emigrants / asylum seekers / evacuees return◆immigrant / migrant workers◆a flow / flood of refugees / immigrants / migrants / emigrants◆an influx of refugees / immigrants / migrants■ refugee ˌrefjuˈdʒiː [countable] a person who has been forced to leave their country or home, because there is a war or for political, religious or social reasons （战争、政治、宗教或社会原因造成的）避难者，逃亡者，难民◆There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone.从交战地区撤出的难民源源不断。◆a refugee camp难民营  see also refuge ⇨ shelter ■ immigrant ˈɪmɪgrənt [countable] a person who has come to live permanently in a country that is not their own （外来）移民，侨民◆Illegal immigrants are to be sent back to their country of origin.非法移民将被遣送回原籍国。◆immigrant communities / families / workers侨民社区／家庭／劳工▸ immigrate

verb

 [intransitive] (especially NAmE) ◆About 6.6 million people immigrated to the United States in the 1970s.20世纪70年代大约有660万人移居美国。 OPP emigrate ⇨ leave 2 ▸ immigration

noun

 [uncountable] ◆laws restricting immigration into the US美国限制外来移民的法律◆an immigration officer一名移民局官员■ migrant ˈmaɪgrənt [countable] a person who moves from one place to another, especially in order to find work （为工作）移居者；移民◆They claimed they were political refugees and not economic migrants.他们声称自己是来政治避难的，不是来挣钱的。  see also migrate ⇨ leave 2 ■ expatriate ˌeksˈpætriət; NAmE ˌeksˈpeɪtriət [countable] a person living in a country that is not their own 居住在国外的人；侨民◆FUSAC is a magazine for American expatriates in Paris.FUSAC是一份给居住在巴黎的美国侨民看的杂志。ⓘ In informal language, expatriate is sometimes shortened to expat. 在非正式用语中，expatriate有时缩写为expat◆There are more than two million British expats down under (= in Australia).澳大利亚有超过200万的英国侨民。 ▸ expatriate

adjective

 [only before noun] ◆expatriate Britons in Spain居住在西班牙的英国人◆expatriate workers外籍劳工NOTE 辨析 Immigrant or expatriate?An immigrant has gone to live permanently in another country; an expatriate usually intends to return after a few months or years. * immigrant指永久定居他国的移民，expatriate指通常打算数月或数年后返回祖国的侨民。■ exile ˈeksaɪl, ˈegzaɪl [countable] (rather formal) a person who chooses or is forced to live away from their own country 流亡国外者；被流放者；背井离乡者◆A general amnesty was granted, allowing political exiles to return freely.颁布了大赦令，允许政治流亡者自由返回。◆a tax exile (= a rich person who moves to another country where taxes are lower) 迁居低税国家的富人   see also exile ⇨ expel verb ■ emigrant ˈemɪgrənt [countable] (rather formal) a person who leaves their country to live permanently in another 永久移居外国的人；移民；侨民◆My grandparents were Italian emigrants who settled in New York in the 1920s.我的祖父母是20世纪20年代定居纽约的意大利移民。  see also emigrate ⇨ leave 2 NOTE 辨析 Immigrant or emigrant? Immigrant is used to talk about people coming to a country, especially when this is being considered as a current political or social issue; emigrant is used to talk about people leaving a country, especially when this is being considered in a historical context. * immigrant立足于迁入国的角度，此类迁居尤被视为当下的政治或社会问题；emigrant立足于迁出国的角度，此类迁居尤被视为一种历史事件。■ aˈsylum seeker əˈsaɪləm [countable] a person who has left their own country, usually because they were in danger for political reasons, and who is asking for protection from the government of another country 寻求庇护权的人（通常因政治原因人身安全受威胁而离开自己国家，寻求他国政府庇护）◆Genuine asylum seekers should not be denied entry to the country.真正的寻求庇护者不应被拒绝进入这个国家。  see also asylum ⇨ shelter ■ evacuee ɪˌvækjuˈiː [countable] a person who is sent away from a place because it is dangerous, especially during a war （因为危险，尤指战争）被疏散者，撤离者◆During 1942 evacuee families started to arrive in the town.1942年，撤离的家庭开始抵达这个城镇。  see also evacuate ⇨ evacuate

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