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BNC: 90 COCA: 76

how

Word family 
how /haʊ/ ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv  
1  used to ask or talk about the way in which something happens or is done 怎样，如何
 How do you spell your name?
你的名字怎么拼写？
 How can I help you?
我怎么帮你？
 I’d like to help in some way, but I’m not sure how.
我想帮点忙，可不知道该怎么做。
 He explained how the system worked.
他讲解了该系统是如何运转的。
 We both used to work at the airport – that’s how we met.
我们俩都曾经在机场工作过，我们就是这么认识的。
how to do something
 I don’t know how to get to your house.
我不知道怎么去你家。
 Alan showed me how to load the gun.
艾伦教我怎么给枪装上子弹。
 advice on how best (=the best way) to invest your money
如何以最好方式进行投资的建议
 They had a number of suggestions as to how the service could be improved.
他们有一些关于如何改进服务的建议。
 This still leaves the question of how local services should be funded.
这仍然没有解决如何为地方公共服务业提供资金的问题。
how on earth/in the world etc (=used for emphasis when you are surprised, angry etc) 到底[究竟]如何〔在惊讶、愤怒等时用于强调〕
 How on earth did you find out?
你到底是怎么发现的？
2  used to ask or talk about the amount, size, degree etc of something 〔数量、大小、程度等〕多少
 How big is the state of Louisiana?
路易斯安那州有多大？
 How many kids do they have now?
他们现在有几个孩子？
 How long have you been learning English?
你学英语多久了？
 Do you know how old it is?
你知道它年代有多久远吗？
 They couldn’t tell exactly how far away the bridge was.
他们说不清那座桥确切有多远。
 She wondered how much Angela already knew.
她想搞清楚安杰拉已经知道了多少。
how much? (=used to ask the price of something) 多少钱？〔用于询问价格〕
 How much are the tickets?
这些票多少钱？
3  spoken
a) used to ask about someone’s health, especially when you meet them 怎么样？〔尤用于见面时询问健康状况〕
 ‘Hi Laurie, how are you?’ ‘Fine, thanks. How are you?’
“嘿，劳里，你好吗？”“挺好，谢谢，你呢？”
 Has Ros had the baby yet? How is she?
罗斯生孩子了吗？她怎么样了？
 ‘How’s your ankle this morning?’ ‘Better, thanks.’
“今天上午你的脚踝情况如何？”“好些了，谢谢。”
b) used when you meet someone, to ask for news about their life, work etc 怎么样〔用于询问生活、工作情况等〕
 So how’s it going at work these days? Still enjoying it?
近来工作怎么样？仍然干得很开心吗？
 ‘How are things with you?’ ‘Fine.’
“你过得好吗？”“挺好的。”
 How are you doing?
你过得好吗？
4  used to ask someone about their opinion or experience of something 怎么样〔用于询问看法、经历〕
5  used after certain adjectives or verbs to refer to an event or situation 〔用于某些形容词或动词之后，指某一事件或情形〕
6  VERY[+adj/adverbadv] used to emphasize the quality you are mentioning 多么，何等〔加强语气〕
7  old-fashioned or written used to say that something happens to a very great degree 〔表示程度大〕
 SPOKEN PHRASES → how dare you at dare1(2)
5 GRAMMAR 语法
How much is used before comparative adjectives to ask or talk about a difference. how much用于形容词的比较级形式前，以询问或谈论差异
They realize how much better off they are than previous generations.
他们认识到自己的生活要比先辈们好得多。
However, before an ordinary adjective, use how, not ‘how much’. 然而，形容词原形之前要用how，而不用how much
We all know how important ( NOT 不说 how much important ) a balanced diet is.
我们都知道膳食均衡非常重要。
Do not use how with ‘look like/feel like/be like’ to ask for or talk about a description of someone or something. Use what . 询问或描述人或物的情况时，不要把how和look like/feel like/be like连用，而要用what
What does she look like?
她长什么样？
Do not use how with ‘think’ to ask or talk about someone’s opinion. Use what . 询问或描述观点时，不要把how和think连用，而要用what
What do you think of your present employer?
你觉得你现在的老板怎么样？
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with how
You use how before an ordinary adjective:
We all know how important exercise is.
我们都知道膳食均衡非常重要。
✗Don’t say: We all know how much important exercise is.
You use how much before a comparative adjective:
They realize how much better life is.
✗Don’t say: They realize how better life is.
 USAGE: How or what?
nYou use what with look/feel/be like to ask for or give a description:
What does she look like?
她长什么样？
✗Don’t say: How does she look like?
You use what with think to ask or talk about someone's opinion: 询问或描述观点时，不要把how和think连用，而要用what
nWhat do you think of him?
✗Don't say: How do you think of him?
Examples from the Corpus
how• How are the kids going to get home?• How are you feeling this morning?• He was surprised at how bitter Sabina sounded.• How do I get to North Bend?• How do I look in glasses?• How do you get your CD player to work?• How do you like the painting, Chuck?• How do you turn the printer on?• How does American English differ from British?• Everyone was talking about how great the workshop was.• Have you seen how incredibly messy Fong's room is?• How long are you going to be here?• How many people does each cabin sleep?• How much do they charge for a haircut?• We don't know how she managed to escape.• How should I dress for this job interview?• She told me how to get to the Johnson's house.• My dad's teaching me how to use email.• How was your trip?
how to do something• Find out how to decorate your own Easter eggs on pages 30-31.• For details on how to install the program, see the instructions on the right.• I don't know how to load this thing.• My father taught me how to make and mend fishing nets• I'll teach you how to tie your shoes.• Could you show me how to work the photocopier?
how much?• No one knew how much a dollar was really worth.• When he turned away from the water, though, he was surprised how much darker it got.• She could see how much he enjoyed not having Omar here.• How much is this jacket?• With a standing order you tell your branch exactly how much is to be paid and when.• Every broadcaster tries to determine how much programs are worth to the advertiser.• Sadly for Les, it also reminded us how much sharper Bob Monkhouse was as host.• How much time do you think it will take?• Its all about money, how much we have how much we make and what we spend it one.• Find out exactly how much you will be charged, and how much the worker is paid.
How are things• Till now they had fenced gently. How are things?• Wojupto?: How are things?• Ha-Ha. How are things at your end?• Connections. How are things connected to each other?• Q.. People are talking about how Houghton may be losing its prominent authors. How are things now?• I ask, How are things so different here?• Provincetown! How are things up that way?
Origin how
Old English hu
how adverbadv →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→USAGE1 →SPOKEN PHRASES1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 90 COCA: 76
BNC: 90 COCA: 76
BNC: 90 COCA: 76

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