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TOEFL BNC: 1867 COCA: 1520

lean

Word family 
ldoce_197_blean1 /liːn/ ●●○ S3 verb (past tensepst and past participlepp leaned or leant /lent/ especially British EnglishBrE)   → lien
1  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]BEND to move or bend your body in a particular direction 屈身；倾斜身体
lean forward/back/over etc
 They were leaning forward, facing each other.
他们面对面身体前倾。
 Lean back and enjoy the ride.
身体往后靠，尽情享受乘车旅行的乐趣吧。
 She leant towards him and listened.
她探过身子去听他说。
→5  See picture of LEAN 倚靠 →4  See picture of 见图 lean
2  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]SUPPORT/HOLD UP to support yourself in a sloping position against a wall or other surface 倚，靠
lean against/on
 He was leaning on the bridge, watching the boats go by.
他靠在桥上，看着船来船往。
3  [intransitiveI, transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep] to put something in a sloping position where it is supported, or to be in that position 使斜靠；斜靠在…
lean (something) against/on something
 A huge mirror was leaning against the wall.
一面巨大的镜子斜靠在墙上。
 He leant his bicycle against the fence.
他把自行车斜靠在篱笆上。
4  [intransitiveI]BEND to slope or bend from an upright position 倾斜；弯曲
 trees leaning in the wind
在风中东倒西歪的树木
5 lean on somebody phrasal verbphr v 
a) DEPEND/IT DEPENDSto depend on someone for support and encouragement, especially at a difficult time 〔尤指在困难时刻〕依靠，倚赖
 The couple lean on each other for support.
夫妻俩互相扶持。
b) informalPERSUADE to try to influence someone, especially by threatening them 〔尤指通过恐吓对某人〕施加压力
 He won’t pay unless you lean on him.
你不吓吓他，他是不会付钱的。
6 lean towards something phrasal verbphr v SUPPORT A PERSON, GROUP, OR PLANto tend to support, or begin to support, a particular set of opinions, beliefs etc 倾向于，向…倾斜
 Canada, the UK and Japan leant towards the US view.
加拿大、英国和日本都倾向于支持美国的看法。
Examples from the Corpus
lean towards • The tendency in the Council is therefore always to lean towards a choice of legal base requiring unanimous voting.• Mr Bush was also said to be leaning towards choosing deputies for both the Defence department and the State department.• Mr Bush was also said to be leaning towards choosing deputies for both the Defence Department and the State Department.• It is leaning towards Gore, but still vulnerable to a Bush offensive.• I lean towards her to see if I have heard right.• She did not move; her intent gaze made her look as if she were leaning towards him softly.• Her ears are so stretched by ornaments that they flap as she leans towards me.• As she sits down, Honey leans towards Spike and whispers.
Examples from the Corpus
lean• I leant across to her and asked whether I should pay the Rao directly and if so how much.• Petey, leaning against a post, looked pissed off.• First the old man dead on the beach, leaning against the railing.• Joe was leaning against the school wall, smoking a cigarette.• He opened the gate, walked up the drive, and stopped, staring at the bicycle leaning against the wall.• I leaned back on the pillows and closed my eyes.• He was leaning down, his spear arm back, the gleaming bronze blade wavering as it came towards her.• He leant forward on the table, emphasising the points with a thin finger.• All of the trees were leaning in the wind.• Joe leaned on the gate and watched as they drove away.• She leaned on the railings and looked out at the sea.• David was driving and Shaun was leaning over.• And she leans so far forward to his match that even clear across the room I could see down her blouse.• She leaned the ladder against the house and climbed up to the window.• Soldiers leaned their M-16 rifles up against their tables as they ate.• It's sometimes considered bad manners to lean your elbows on the table when you're eating.
lean forward/back/over etc• There, wearing his mailbag and leaning over her desk, was Harold Newland, the postman.• I lean back into my own corner of the porch swing and hold on to myself.• But this man could very well lean forward just as Mrs Fanning had done downstairs.• Mrs Crump cried to herself, leaning forward now on a Pisan scale.• He leant forward on the table, emphasising the points with a thin finger.• So he peered, leaning forward to catch a whiff of scent, listening to the man's quiet muttering.• Graham felt himself leaning forward, wanting to catch her reply.
lean against/on• They were leaning against a parked car, waiting for a table together.• He was leaning against a tree with his eyes closed.• The powerful aggregates industry is already leaning on him hard to prevent him from doing so.• They were seated on the far side, some in chairs, some leaning on the desk.• First the old man dead on the beach, leaning against the railing.• Dieter Bartsch's Norsemen were not leaning on their oars.
Related topics: Food
lean2 adjectiveadj  
1  THIN PERSONthin in a healthy and attractive way 苗条的，瘦而健美的
 He was lean, tall, and muscular.
他身材瘦高，肌肉结实。
► see thesaurus at thin
2. DFlean meat does not have much fat on it 〔肉〕瘦的，脂肪少的 OPP fatty
3. EFFICIENTa lean organization, company etc uses only as much money and as many people as it needs, so that nothing is wasted 〔组织、公司等〕节俭的，精简的
4  PROBLEMa lean period is a very difficult time because there is not enough money, business etc 收益差的；不景气的
 His wife was a source of constant support during the lean years.
在不景气的那些年里，妻子一直在支持他。
—leanness noun [uncountableU]
Examples from the Corpus
lean• He was tragic looking, lean.• a lean and athletic man• At seventy-two my grandfather was lean and strong and I expected him to live forever.• He's a very handsome man: tall, lean and tanned with thick blond hair.• In this age of lean corporations, more workers are expected to work overtime.• For what seemed an age, she studied his features, strong lean features which she had come to know so well.• A company with severe cash flow problems may have no choice but to run a lean inventory operation.• Operating efficiency ratios show that Technosystems runs a lean operation, with all ratios above the industry averages.• She had a runner's lean physique and an overall healthy glow.• It is lean production at its meanest.• a lean year for business
lean years• Nothing came along immediately and ahead were a couple of lean years.• The Richmond Meet is clearly thriving - but how did it manage to survive the lean years?• Although two lean years by his standard followed, Davis, 34, still reached two world semi-finals.• She was, after all the lean years, fairly bursting with plans.• There the religious instruction started by his father, who for all the lean years had been his schoolteacher, continued.• She had gone through seven lean years; this was evidently one of her full ones.• The gamble seemed worthwhile as the lean years were few.• Those were lean years, without money for trips to the cinema.
From Longman Business Dictionary
leanlean /liːn/ adjectiveadj
1COMMERCEusing the most effective methods and the fewest employees possible
In the struggle to turn the company into a lean commercial outfit, some lines have been discontinued altogether.
2MANUFACTURING lean manufacturing uses methods and techniques to produce goods as cheaply as possible, for example by using as few workers as possible and using JUST-IN-TIME methods, where parts are delivered only when they are needed
American companies are learning the tricks of lean manufacture.
3COMMERCEa lean period is a very difficult time because there is not enough money, business etc
a lean year for business
Many Welsh tourist attractions are having a very lean time.
—leanness noun [uncountableU]
To achieve the necessary leanness, many more jobs will have to be lost in the defence industry across Europe.
Origin lean1
Old English hleonian
 lean2
Old English hlæne
lean1 verblean2 adjectiveadj
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL BNC: 1867 COCA: 1520
lean

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤heavily嚴重傾斜▸➤lightly輕微傾斜▸➤slightly微微傾斜▸➤casually, comfortably, lazily, nonchalantly隨意地／舒適地／懶洋洋地／漠然地斜靠◇Kate leaned comfortably against the wall.凱特舒適地靠在牆上。➤eagerly急切地傾身➤confidentially, conspiratorially神秘兮兮地傾身▸➤weakly, wearily虛弱地／疲倦地斜靠➤precariously搖搖晃晃地靠▸➤close, near靠近◇He leaned closer, lowering his voice.他壓低聲音，靠得更近了。➤across, down, forward, out, over向對面／向下／向前／向外／向下方傾斜◇She leaned forward eagerly to listen to him.她急切地探身向前聽他說。➤away, back, backwards/backward向別處傾斜；向後傾斜◇He leaned back in his chair.他向後靠在椅子上。➤sideways向一邊傾斜PREPOSITION➤across向對面傾斜◇She was leaning confidentially across the table.她神神秘秘地從桌上探過身來。➤against倚靠在⋯上◇She leaned her head against his shoulder.她把頭靠在他的肩膀上。➤from從⋯探出◇Women and children leaned from the windows of the surrounding tenements.婦女和孩子們從周圍房屋的窗口探出身來。➤into探身進入◇He leaned into the open doorway.他把身子探進敞開的門裏。➤on靠着◇The old man was leaning heavily on a stick.老人正吃力地拄着拐杖。➤out of探出◇She leaned precariously out of the window.她把身子探出窗外，真危險。➤over俯身靠着◇She leaned casually over the railings.她隨意地俯身靠在欄杆上。➤through從中探出◇The taxi driver leaned through his window.出租車司機從車窗探出頭來。➤to斜向⋯◇She leaned to one side.她歪向一邊。➤towards/toward向⋯傾斜◇He leaned towards / toward her.他傾身靠向她。
lean

verb

 ●lean on sb/sthADVERB➤heavily嚴重依賴⋯◇Britain leans heavily on Europe for trade.在貿易上英國嚴重依賴歐洲。
TOEFL BNC: 1867 COCA: 1520
lean verb
⇨ lean 1 (lean back in your chair) ⇨ lean 2 (lean sth against the wall)lean adj.
⇨ thinlean1

verb

 lean back in your chair 仰靠在椅背上lean sth against the wall 把某物斜靠在墙上lean ♦︎ tilt ♦︎ tip ♦︎ angle ♦︎ slant ♦︎ slope ♦︎ bankThese are all words that can be used when sb/sth moves or is moved so that they are/it is not straight or upright. 这些词均表示倾斜、倾侧。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lean / tilt / tip / angle / slant / slope (sth) towards / away from sth◆to lean / angle / slant (sth) across sth◆to tilt / tip / angle / slant / slope (sth) up / down◆to lean / tilt / tip (sth) forwards / back / backwards / to one side◆to lean / tilt / tip / angle / slant / slope / bank (sth) slightly◆to tilt / tip / angle your head■ lean (leaned, leaned; BrE also leant, leant) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (of a person) to bend from an upright position, especially with the upper half of the body; (of sth that usually stands upright) to be in a position that is not vertical （尤指人的上身）前倾，后仰，屈身；（通常直立的物体）倾斜◆I leaned back in my chair.我仰靠在椅背上。◆A man was leaning out of the window.有个男人正把身子探出窗外。◆He leaned closer, lowering his voice.他俯过身来，并压低了声音。◆The tower is leaning dangerously.那座塔倾斜得很危险。■ tilt [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to move so that one end or side is higher than the other; to move sth into this position （使）倾斜；倾侧◆The seat tilts forward, when you press this lever.按下这个控制柄，座位就会向前倾斜。◆His hat was tilted slightly at an angle.他的帽子戴得有点歪。◆She tilted her head back and looked up at me.她仰起头来看着我。■ tip (-pp-) [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to move so that one end or side is higher than the other; to move sth into this position （使）倾斜；倾倒◆Suddenly the boat tipped to one side.那条船突然向一边倾斜。◆She tipped her head back and laughed loudly.她头一仰，哈哈大笑起来。◆He tipped the wheelbarrow on its side.他把手推车向一侧倾斜放置。NOTE 辨析 Tilt or tip? Tilt is usually used for movements that are smaller, gentler or more controlled than tip. * tilt所指的倾斜动作通常比tip小且轻柔，或更受控◆The train tilts to one side when it goes round bends.火车转弯时车身会向一侧倾斜。◆The train tips to one side when it goes round bends. ◆While trying to sit down, I tipped the tray and my entire dinner went onto the rug.我要坐下时把托盘弄歪了，饭全都洒在了小地毯上。◆While trying to sit down, I tilted the tray and my entire dinner went onto the rug. ■ angle [transitive] to move or place sth so that it is not straight or not directly facing sb/sth 倾斜移动；倾斜放置◆He angled his chair so that he could sit and watch her.他转动了一下椅子的角度，以便能够坐着观察她。   see also angle ⇨ angle noun ■ slant slɑːnt; NAmE slænt [transitive, intransitive] (used with an adverb or preposition 与副词或介词连用) to place sth at an angle; to move in a direction that is not horizontal or vertical 使倾斜；使歪斜；倾斜移动◆Slant your skis a little more to the left.把滑雪板再稍微向左歪一点。◆ (literary) The sun slanted through the window.阳光斜照进窗户。■ slope [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (of sth that usually stands upright) to be at an angle rather than being straight or vertical （通常直立的物体）倾斜◆His handwriting slopes backwards.他写的字向左斜。◆It was a very old house with sloping walls.这座房子很旧，墙都歪了。   see also slope ⇨ angle noun , slope ⇨ slope verb ■ bank [intransitive, transitive](of a plane) to travel with one side higher than the other when turning; to make a plane do this （飞机转弯时）倾斜飞行；使倾斜飞行◆The plane banked steeply to the left.飞机向左侧高度倾斜。◆The pilot banked the plane to give passengers a better look at the mountain.飞行员驾驶飞机倾斜飞行，以便让乘客更好地观看那座山。lean2

verb

 lean back in your chair 仰靠在椅背上lean sth against the wall 把某物斜靠在墙上lean ♦︎ rest ♦︎ stand ♦︎ balance ♦︎ prop ♦︎ steady ♦︎ poiseThese words all mean to put sth in a position where it is supported or does not fall. 这些词均表示倚靠、支撑。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lean / rest / stand / balance / prop (sth) on sth◆to lean / rest / stand / prop / steady (sth) against sth◆to prop / steady / poise yourself somewhere■ lean (leaned, leaned; BrE also leant, leant) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with on or against 总是与on或against连用) (of a person or thing) to put your/its weight against sth for support; to put sth against sth else in a sloping position, so that its weight is supported （人）倚靠 ；（物体）靠置；把⋯靠在⋯上◆She walked slowly, leaning on her son's arm.她靠在儿子的胳膊上缓慢行走。◆A shovel was leaning against the fence.有一把铁铲靠栅栏放着。◆Can I lean my bike against the wall?我能把自行车靠在这墙上吗？■ rest [transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to put sth on or against sth else so that its weight is supported; to be supported in this way 倚；靠；托；（被）支撑◆He rested his chin in his hands.他双手托着下巴。◆Their bikes were resting against the wall.他们的自行车靠在墙上。■ stand [transitive, intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to put sb/sth in an upright position somewhere; (of a thing) to be in an upright position 使直立；把⋯竖着放；（物体）直立◆Stand the ladder up against the wall.把梯子靠墙立好。◆I stood the little girl on a chair so that she could see.我扶小女孩站在椅子上，好让她看得见。◆Books stood in piles in the corner.墙角竖放着一摞摞的书。■ balance [intransitive, transitive] to put your body or sth else into a position where it will stand without falling to either side, even though there is danger of this happening 使保持平衡；立稳◆How long can you balance on one leg?你单腿能站多久？◆She balanced the cup on her knee.她把杯子放稳膝上。▸ balance

noun

 [uncountable] ◆He lost his balance and fell over.他失去了平衡，倒在地上。■ prop (-pp-) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to support an object, especially by leaning it against sth or putting sth under it; to support a person in the same way 把⋯靠在⋯上；垫着支撑◆She propped herself up on one elbow.她单肘撑起身子。◆He lay propped against the pillows.他靠着枕头躺着。◆The door was propped open.门被支着敞开。■ steady [transitive, intransitive] to stop yourself/sb/sth from moving, shaking or falling; to stop moving, shaking or falling （使）平稳，稳住◆She steadied herself against the wall.她靠墙站稳。◆The elevator rocked slightly, steadied, and the doors opened.电梯微微一晃之后稳了下来，接着门开了。   see also steady ⇨ firm adj. ■ poise pɔɪz [intransitive, transitive] to be or hold sth steady in a particular position, especially above sth else 保持（某种姿势）；抓紧；使稳定◆The hawk poised in mid-air ready to swoop.老鹰在半空中盘旋，准备俯冲下来。◆She poised the javelin in her hand before the throw.她把标枪握稳，然后投了出去。
TOEFL BNC: 1867 COCA: 1520
lean
To change your position: balance, bear yourself, bend...
To be in a particular position or place: occupy, set, exist...
To change position: turn, spin, overturn...
To have an opinion or opinions: think, believe in, say...
Thin in an attractive or healthy way: slim, slender, lean...
Words used to describe meat: boneless, bony, flyblown...
Words used to describe businesses and companies: accredited, agile, all-night...
Absent, lost and unavailable: due, away, low...
Crop farming: arable, broadacre, cash crop...
Types of meat: bacon, beef, bushmeat...
Angles: acute angle, adjacent angles, angle...
Slopes and sloping: slope, tilt, incline...

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