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half

Word family 
half1 /hɑːf $ hæf/ ●●● S1 W1 predeterminer , pronoun , adjective [only before noun]  
1  50% 百分之五十SHARE exactly or about 50% (½) of an amount, time, distance, number etc 一半的，半
half of
 Over half of the children live in one-parent families.
这些孩子有一半多生活在单亲家庭。
 Only half the guests had arrived by seven o’clock.
7点钟前只来了一半客人。
 If you look at our members, at least half are women.
看看我们的会员，至少有一半是女性。
half a mile/pound/hour etc
 half a pound of butter
半磅黄油
 It’s about half a mile down the road.
沿这条路走大约半英里就到了。
 She drank half a bottle of wine.
她喝了半瓶酒。
 half a million dollars
50万美元
a half hour/mile etc
 You can’t just waltz in a half hour late.
你不可以迟到半小时才大摇大摆地进来。
 It’s about a half mile down the road.
沿这条路走大约半英里就到了。
 a half day excursion to the island
去岛上的半日游
 He demanded a half share of the money.
他要求分得一半的钱。
half the price/size/length etc
 It’s only half the size of a normal violin.
它只有普通小提琴的一半大。
 They offered to pay half the cost of repairs.
他们提出支付一半的修理费用。
2  most of 大部分MOST the largest part of something 一大半
half of
 We missed half of what he said because someone was talking.
因为有人讲话，他大半的话我们都没听到。
 She seems to be asleep half the time.
她似乎多半时间都在睡觉。
 Getting covered in mud is half the fun.
很大一部分乐趣在于浑身沾满泥巴。
3  TIME 时间half past one/two/three etc especially British EnglishBrE (also half one/two/three etc British EnglishBrE spoken)TMC 30 minutes after the hour mentioned 1点半/2点半/3点半等
 I got home at about half past one.
我1点半左右到家的。
 I rang at about half six.
我是6点半左右打电话的。
 We’ll be there by seven or half past (=half past seven).
我们会在7点或7点半前到那儿。
Examples from the Corpus
half past one/two/three etc• They'd all been given leaflets about it at half past three.• She arrived at the Herald building at half past three, and walked past the uniformed commissionaire to the lift.• The return journey was supposed to start at half past three but there would always be a few people missing.• At half past three he wanted to die, or to kill somebody.• It was half past three in the morning.• At half past one the men got up and checked their equipment, gathering several sticks as well.• At half past two this morning my wife died.
4  half a dozen 
a) HMNsix 半打，六个
 half a dozen eggs
六只蛋
b) LOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNTa small number of people or things 几个
 There were half a dozen other people in front of me.
我前面还有其他几个人。
Examples from the Corpus
half a dozen• Sunday night he was wild on at least a half dozen.• Customer-driven systems also allow individuals to meet their needs in a holistic way, without applying to half a dozen different programs.• He found half a dozen fishermen seated under the palm trees at the foot of the Co-operative quay.• I still do half a dozen or so of these scarlet cross-overs a year, to this day.• Inside the cafe there were half a dozen other people.• Perhaps half a dozen were Hispanic, and the rest, black.• About half a dozen women and children had appeared and were standing, holding hands, watching me.
5  half a/the chance a small opportunity to do something, especially one which someone would take eagerly 一丁点机会
Examples from the Corpus
given half a chance• It's the trees they go for, given half a chance.• It sounded the sort of voice which might start offering gynaecological details if given half a chance.• That's nothing on how good they could be, given half a chance.• Unlike the others, the goat is a ruminant, and will eat almost anything given half a chance.• Many teenagers today would live in their trainers, given half a chance, but try to discourage this.• If the people are given half a chance there is hope for a return to it's colourful and vibrant past.• As McKinsey laments, given half a chance they revert to old habits.
6  half an eye/ear if you have half an eye on something, or if you are listening with half an ear, you are giving only part of your attention to it 心不在焉[不全神贯注]地看/听
Examples from the Corpus
half an eye/ear• He told me this and that, but I listened with only half an ear.• Anyone with half an eye could see Susan's antagonism towards her.• With only half an ear for Grigoriev's response, Rostov stared across the room.• She always had half an eye for him; sometimes I thought she watched him as a tamer does a tiger.• Always half an ear, half a mind.• Of course, no government with half an eye on re-election would ever legalise anything it didn't have to.• Allen kept half an eye on the path as he worked.• He has half an eye on where the gun went.
7  be half the battle spokenDIFFICULT used to say that when you have done the most difficult part of an activity, the rest is easy 成功了一大半
Examples from the Corpus
be half the battle• And as the Reidys said, finding a family-friendly company is half the battle.• Media mavens contend that the visual comparison of the two men side by side is half the battle.• Relishing the state is half the battle towards a good life, for everyone.
8  half a minute/moment/second etc spokenSHORT TIME a very short time 一会儿
Examples from the Corpus
half a minute/moment/second etc• Add bean sprouts and cook another half minute.• I pulled to the curb for half a minute.• Poole and Bowman studied the screen in silence for half a minute.• The fireball that came with the flash lasted for half a second and enveloped the whole stumbling figure.• The fireball is visible for about half a minute before the object exits from the atmosphere with its original speed virtually undiminished.• After one and a half minutes the aircraft began to overshoot, correctly making an initial turn to the west.• Report repeated two and a half second ticking sounds from plane.
9  only half the story SECRETan explanation that is not complete, used especially to say that someone is trying to keep something secret 只是〔事件的〕部分真相
Examples from the Corpus
only half the story• How could you side with them after hearing only half the story?• But numbers on economic growth that look so wonderful for the emerging world tell only half the story.• But this is only half the story.• Obviously, television has heightened awareness of the sport, but that is only half the story.• Of course, what Dooley did at the water fountain was only half the story!• If only half the stories are true, this is some one who attracts trouble.• The red notebook, of course, is only half the story, as any sensitive reader will understand.• But that was only half the story of what was on General Kent's mind, and Harry would see that immediately.
10  have half a mind to do something spoken used to say that you would like to do something but you probably will not do it 有点想做某事〔但很可能不做〕
Examples from the Corpus
have half a mind to do something• I have half a mind to just go home.• I have half a mind to make you take this right back.• I have half a mind to tell her what I really think of her.
11  half measures EFFECTIVEactions or methods that are not strong enough, and so are not effective in dealing with a difficult problem 〔处理难题〕不彻底的办法[行动]
Examples from the Corpus
half measures• I suppose I was never contented with half measures.• Learn your trade fully, do the job properly - no half measures.• The only alternative to Lloyd George's lies were Asquith's half measures.• There's no half measures to playing this way.• Half measures will not fix America's health-care problems.
12. half a loaf (is better than none) something that is less than what you wanted or asked for, but that you might accept because it is better than nothing 有总比没有好，聊胜于无
5 GRAMMAR 语法
Use a plural verb after half (of) if you are referring to a number of people or things. 如果指若干人或事物，half (of)后要用复数动词
Barely half the citizens bother to vote.
只有半数公民愿意投票。
Use a singular verb if you are referring to an amount or thing. 如果指某一数量或事物，要用单数动词
Half the food was wasted.
一半的食物浪费了。
You do not usually say ‘the half’. 一般不说the half
Over half of Britain’s ancient woodland has been destroyed.
英国超过一半的古林地已遭毁坏。
The only time you say ‘the half’ is when you are referring to a particular half. 只有在指特定的一半时，才可以用the half
I’ve only read half of the story (NOT 不说 the half of the story).
这故事我才看了一半。
Do not say ‘half of hour’. Say half an hour or, especially in spoken American English, a half hour. 不要说 half of hour，而要说 half an hour 或者 a half hour (尤在美语口语中使用)。
the first half of the book
这本书的前半部分
Do not say ‘one and half’, ‘two and half’ etc. Say one and a half , two and a half etc. 不要说 one and half, two and half 等，而要说 one and a half, two and a half 等
She is two and a half years old.
她两岁半。
These phrases are followed by a plural noun, not a singular noun. 这样的短语后要用复数名词，而不要用单数名词
one and a half days (NOT 不说 one and a half day)
一天半
n Grammar
Numbers with half
You say one and a half, two and a half etc: 她两岁半。
She is two and a half.
✗Don’t say: one and half | two and half
The phrases one and a half, two and a half etc are followed by a plural noun:
We were there for one and a half days.
✗Don’t say: We were there for one and a half day.
Singular or plural verb?
You can use half (of) with a plural noun and a plural verb:
Only half the citizens vote.
You can use half (of) with an uncountable noun and a singular verb:
Half the food was wasted.
一半的食物浪费了。
Word order
You say half (of) the:
I’ve only read half the story.
这故事我才看了一半。
✗Don’t say: I’ve only read the half story.
Examples from the Corpus
half the price/size/length etc• But the Boxster is about much more than just raw acceleration, which you can get for half the price elsewhere.• Tabloid a page half the size of a broadsheet.• This accommodation offers tremendous value and half the price of comparable Motels.• The whale was about thirty feet long, half the length of Hsu Fu, and would have weighed about seven tons.• This is a brown crustacean, half the size of the end of a pencil, that is extremely difficult to eradicate.• The forelimbs are less than half the length of the hind limbs, which suggests an obligatory bipedal posture.• It was half the size of the one he had just left, he noticed, unusually observant.• The general thinking was it would be about half the size of what it announced, about 20,000.
half the fun• It always fails, but that's half the fun.• Nigel was left with just one woman in his life to torment, which was only half the fun.• But any truly individual room has to evolve slowly; this is half the fun and certainly half the charm.• At each stage, half the fun comes from sharing the trials and triumphs with friends who are undergoing the same experiences.• Judd said half the fun of being with girls was when he was doing the chasing.• Still, half the fun of this run is the anticipation.• Luck has always played a key role in doing the pools, but half the fun was thinking that skill mattered.
Related topics: Sport, Football, Drink
half2 ●●● S1 W2 noun (plural halves /hɑːvz $ hævz/) [countableC]  
1  50% 百分之五十SHARE one of two equal parts of something 一半，二分之一
2  sport 体育运动DS one of the two parts into which a sports event is divided 半场
3  player 运动员DSF a player who plays in the middle part of the field in sports like football, rugby etc 〔足球、橄榄球等的〕中场队员
4  beer 啤酒 British EnglishBrEDFD a half of a pint of beer 半品脱
5  ticket 票 British EnglishBrETT a child’s ticket, for example on a bus or train, that is cheaper than an adult’s ticket 儿童半票
6  a ... and a half informalGOOD/EXCELLENT used when you think that something is very unusual or surprising, or very good …棒极了，…好极了
Examples from the Corpus
a ... and a half• Raymo led him a block and a half south.• Federal employees were again told to stay at home after the city was buried under a foot and a half of snow.• The firehouse is about a mile and a half away from my house.• In the previous half-century it could not have been more than a million and a half in all.• Jones is in a Merseyside clinic after losing a stone and a half in weight over the last seven days.• This phase was to last a year and a half and it was a period of general ineffectuality.• He has been engaged to another girl for over a year and a half.
7  the half of it spokenWORSE used to emphasize that a situation is more difficult, complicated, or unpleasant than people realize 整个情况的一部分〔用于强调比人们所意识到的更难、更复杂或更糟〕
Examples from the Corpus
the half of it• If I told you she was a little flaky, you wouldn't be getting the half of it.• You don't know the half of it.• That, however, as Digby well knew was not the half of it.• Loft is only the half of it, son.• Actually, Josh saw and knew only the half of it.• But that was only the half of it.• But this isn't the half of it.
8. your better half/other half old-fashionedMARRY used humorously to mean your husband, wife, or partner 你的另一半〔幽默用法，指丈夫或妻子〕
9  not do something by halves CAREFULto do something very eagerly and using a lot of care and effort 一丝不苟地做某事，做某事不马虎
Examples from the Corpus
not do something by halves• I'm sure it will be a fantastic wedding. Eva never does anything by halves.• He comes from a family that does not do things by halves.
10  go halves (on something) SHAREto share something, especially the cost of something, equally between two people 〔两人〕平均分摊(某物的费用)；平分，对半分
Examples from the Corpus
go halves (on something)• He generously agrees to go halves on you.• She'd promised to go halves with him if he got anywhere in his negotiations.• Do you want to go halves on a pizza?
11  too clever/rich/good etc by half British EnglishBrE informalANNOY very clever, rich etc in an annoying way 聪明/富有/好等过了头
Examples from the Corpus
too clever/rich/good etc by half• The arithmetic can not be faulted - and may well be judged too clever by half.
12. how the other half lives SSLIFEhow people who are much richer or much poorer than you manage their lives, work, money etc 富人[穷人]是怎样过日子的
Examples from the Corpus
how the other half lives• Ye never knew how the other half lives!• High-ranking public officials should take the bus so they can see how the other half lives.
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
break/cut/tear something in half (=into two equal pieces)
He tore the paper in half.
divide/split something in half
Divide the dough in half.
reduce/cut something by half (=make something 50% smaller or 50% less)
The company has reduced the number of staff by half.
decrease/fall by half (=become 50% less)
Share prices fell by half.
increase/rise by half (=become 50% more)
The number of passengers using the service has increased by half.
adjectives
the top/bottom half
He graduated in the top half of his law school class.
the upper/lower half
The upper half of the door contained a stained glass window.
the northern/southern half
The northern half of the city is generally poorer.
the first/second half
Profits doubled in the first half of the year.
the other half
Half the patients were given the drug and the other half were given a sugar pill.
the last/latter half
He struggled with ill health in the latter half of his life.
phrases
one/two etc and a half
‘How old is she?’ ‘Five and a half.’
Examples from the Corpus
half• After an hour and a half, you too may find yourself chanting, Save us Jackie, save us.• Especially since I said to David about a week and a half ago and then.• The referee added seven minutes of injury time in a stop-start first half.• The home side went ahead through Thierry Henry in the first half and Nwankwo Kanu in the second.• Slice loin and place on other half of plate; drizzle with oil and sprinkle with basil.• It was even Steven in the second half, but towards the end Gloucester roared into life.
reduce/cut something by half• Deglaze pan with nut-brown ale and reduce liquid by half. 3.• Remove the pears to a bowl, place the saucepan on the heat and reduce the sauce by half.• This eminently reasonable development cut their sales by half.• Our reckoning is that we should cut that by half.• It hopes to reduce consumption by half by the year 2025.• We reduced it by half and like the result very much.
first/second half• The goalless first half finished on a controversial note when Cambridge were denied an advantage after winger Lee Philpott was felled.• During the first half of the 1980s, these cries actually put people to sleep.• I now invite you to complete the enclosed form detailing your sports events for the second half of the year.• While the deals continued, there was a palpably different mood about the show from the second half of the week onwards.• But teams have shot better in the second half against us.• They kept the Niners' defense on the field for almost 21 minutes in the first half, under a searing sky.• It sold 234,000 tons in the first half.• In the second half the work began to change dramatically.
centre half• How long will he go on buying midfield players when what we still need is a centre half?• Noo there wis a centre half.• Although a recognised left back, Jimmy Phillips had experience at centre half with Rangers.• Curtis Fleming has been tried at centre half in two recent Central League games but lacks experience for a key job.• With Beeny in goal and Newsome and Wetherall at centre half did the defence look more assured?• Crewe centre half, Darren Carr got the header as the Hereford defence stood and watched.• Boss Billy Bonds has been impressed in training by the 23-year-old centre half from Partisan Belgrade.• Why did we not buy another younger centre half?
half3 ●●● S2 adverbadv  
1  MIDDLEpartly, but not completely 部分地，不完全地
2  MIXif something is half one thing and half something else, it is a combination of those two things 一半〔表示某事物是两种事物的结合〕
3  EMPHASIZEused to emphasize something bad, to say that it is almost an extremely bad thing 极其，非常〔强调情况很糟〕
4 
5  not half as/so good/interesting etc (as somebody/something) LESSmuch less good, less interesting etc than someone or something else 远不如(某人/某物)好/有趣等
6  not half British EnglishBrE spokenLOT/VERY MUCH used when you want to emphasize an opinion or statement 极其，非常
Examples from the Corpus
not half• Not three, not half a dozen, not a rifle platoon.• Likewise with Relevance: if B wants three bolts, he wants them now not half an hour later.• So he was not half as earnest and solemn as she had thought him.• But I prefer to see the glass as half full, not half empty.• It's not half so mysterious when you've got a horde of parents dragging screaming kids around it.• Yet not half so tiresome as a February expedition across the fens.• The game could really have been over by about 60 mins, if not half time.
7  not half bad spokenGOOD/EXCELLENT an expression meaning good, used especially when you are rather surprised that something is good 相当好，不错〔尤指出乎意料〕
Examples from the Corpus
not half bad• The pizza here isn't half bad.
8  half and half PARTLYpartly one thing and partly another 各占一半
Examples from the Corpus
half and half• It looked like the crowd was about half and half, men and women.• About half and half, Ralph figured.• I thought you were supposed to enjoy it, and it was half and half really.• Mix the hot water, chicken stock and half and half.• Now it's about half and half.• Others prefer to split the drinking and carrying half and half.• Tamsin, being half and half, could have been in any of them.• Yesterday, you were half and half.
Examples from the Corpus
half• But LeRoy, he got one half again as big.• That's 45 percent more than in 1990, but virtually half as many as visited the Paris show.• Miss Russell had a morbid fear of sunlight fading carpets and furnishings, so the curtains were half drawn as usual.• I found him sitting on his bed, half-dressed.• "That's good, " he said dully, putting down his half-eaten sandwich.• By this time the poor charioteer was half fainting with terror, and he let the reins fall.• She half fell, half collapsed against it, unable to stop the tears of fear and anguish pouring down her face.• Her first album is now half finished and is due out later this year.• Her right hand rests on her knee, her left is half hidden in a pocket.• Cold and half naked in the darkened bedroom, Cantor felt the day had taken a shape for the worse.• There was a half-smoked cigarette in the ashtray.• It struck me that there was nothing there half so beautiful as the vision just presented by its derelict predecessor.• The houses were half-submerged by the flood water.
half asleep• He never lost his sense of humor, even when he was half asleep.• The old lady nodded, as if half asleep.• Inside, the Porter was half asleep behind a newspaper.• Most of the time they were half asleep, chatting about the weather.• Corporal L, the Royal Signals Operator, is half asleep in his chair.• Sorcerer felt dazed and half asleep, still dreaming wild dawn dreams.• She stayed on top of him, half asleep still.• It was a hot day, and I think I must have been half asleep when I noticed something very strange.
half1 predeterminer →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2half2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1half3 adverbadv
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