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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2473 COCA: 1970

witness

Word family 
Related topics: Law
wit·ness1 /ˈwɪtnəs/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun  
1  crime/accident 罪案/意外事故SEE [countableC] someone who sees a crime or an accident and can describe what happened 〔罪案或事故的〕目击者
 Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward.
警方呼吁目击者站出来。
witness to
 One witness to the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk.
事故的一名目击者说司机似乎喝醉了。
 an eye witness (=someone who sees an event) to the robbery
抢劫案的一名目击者
→ eyewitness
2  in a court of law 在法庭上 [countableC]SCT someone who appears in a court of law to say what they know about a crime or other event 〔法庭上的〕证人 → testify
key/star/principal witness
 the key witness in the case against the brothers
起诉那几兄弟一案中的关键证人
 The defence is expected to call them as witnesses.
预计辩方会传召他们作为证人。
witness for the prosecution/defence (also prosecution/defence witness) (=someone the prosecution or defence lawyers choose as a witness in order to help prove their case) 控方/辩方证人
→ expert witness
3  signing a document 签署文件 [countableC]SCL someone who is present when an official document is signed, and who signs it too, to say that they saw it being signed 〔签署正式文件的〕见证人，连署人
witness to
 a witness to a will
遗嘱的见证人
4  be witness to something formalSEE to be present when something happens, and watch it happening 是某事的目击者
 We were witness to the worst excesses of the military.
我们目击了最恶劣的军队暴行。
Examples from the Corpus
be witness to something• A branch of science, organic chemistry, is witness to their complexity.• We have been witness to the rapid transformation of the neighborhood.• Over a period of just months I was witness to the rapid transformation of a group of peasant women into industrial workers.• At this point I was witness to an extraordinary, moving and almost frightening scene.• Community nurses are witnesses to the everyday health of the population.• Without elaborating, Palermo said commission members would only be witnesses to any accords.• The four pharmaceutical best-sellers are witness to the poor folk who have nothing better to do than watch all-night television.• The crowd believed they were witnesses to an incident of police brutality.• We are witnesses to an obsessive, unwavering process of sorting, labelling, deconstruction and destruction.
5. christian belief 基督教信仰 [countableC, uncountableU] American EnglishAmERRC a public statement of strong Christian belief, or someone who makes such a statement 见证〔表示笃信基督教的公开声明〕；见证人〔作这种见证的人〕
→ bear witness at bear1(15)
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: someone who appears in a court of law to say what they know about a crime or other event
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + witness
a key witness (=a very important witness)
Rupert is expected to be a key witness at the trial.
a star witness (=an important witness who says things that help one side a lot)
The judge ruled that the state’s star witness had lied on the stand.
a principal witness (=a main witness)
The principal witness was too ill to testify.
an expert witness (=someone who has special knowledge, for example of medicine, and who talks about it in court)
The jury had to choose between the conflicting testimonies of expert witnesses.
a character witness (=a witness who says that the person being tried is a good person)
He said he would gladly be a character witness for her.
a prosecution witness
During the trial, over thirty prosecution witnesses were called.
a defence witness
A defence witness said that Carter was not holding a gun when the shot was fired.
phrases
a witness for the prosecution/defence
Witnesses for the prosecution have not sounded convincing.
verbs
call a witness (=require a witness to speak in court)
She was the final witness to be called.
question a witness
They were not permitted to question government witnesses.
cross-examine a witness (=ask them questions about what they have said)
His attorney cross-examined the witness.
appear as a witness
He appeared as an expert witness at several government enquiries.
a witness testifies (=makes a statement)
We had two witnesses who testified that they had seen him hitting his wife.
a witness gives evidence
Child witnesses gave evidence using closed circuit television cameras.
witness + NOUN
the witness box/stand (=where the witness sits when speaking in court)
He spent three hours in the witness stand.
the statement/testimony of a witness (=what a witness says)
The testimony of one witness led to his conviction.
Examples from the Corpus
witness• The congressman was called as a witness for the prosecution today.• He is not entirely worthless as a witness.• In court, a witness said he had seen O'Grady punch the woman in the face.• Moreover, a witness had obligations.• Scores of equally distinguished witnesses gave similar testimony.• The Court agreed with the Special Commissioner over the admissibility of the evidence of the taxpayer's expert witness.• Police are appealing for witnesses to an arson attack on an apartment block.• The witness was asked to identify the defendant in the courtroom.• The witnesses would say later that the searingly brilliant white flash seemed to last for several seconds.• Evidence depends upon witnesses and, to some extent, their credibility is dependent upon their performance in the witness box.
witness to• His brother was a witness to the will.• One witness to the accident said that the driver appeared to be drunk.
key/star/principal witness• Rupert is expected to be a key witness at the judge-only trial due to open in Dublin on April 24.• And he said there was now further evidence to discredit a principal witness in the case as a liar and a cheat.• The police switched to regarding her as completely innocent and she became the star witness.• Most of the key witnesses have long since skipped the country.• The prosecution dropped the charges in 1976, announcing that the principal witness was too ill to ever testify.• What took place has to be reconstructed with the principal witness for the prosecution being unavailable.
Related topics: Law
witness2 ●●○ verb  
1  crime/accident 罪案/意外事故 [transitiveT]SCPSEE to see something happen, especially a crime or accident 目击，亲眼看见〔尤指罪案或事故〕
 Several residents claim to have witnessed the attack.
几位居民称目击了袭击事件。
► see thesaurus at notice, see
2  experience STH 经历某事 [transitiveT]EXPERIENCE to experience important events or changes 亲身经历〔重要的事件或变化〕
 Priests have witnessed an increase in religious intolerance.
牧师们亲身感受到宗教偏执在日益加重。
3  time/place 时间/地点 [transitiveT] if a time or place witnesses an event, the event happens during that time or in that place 是发生〔某事件〕的时间[地点]
 Recent years have witnessed the collapse of the steel industry.
近几年钢铁产业崩溃了。
4  official document 正式文件 [transitiveT]SCL if you witness the signing of an official document, you are there when it is signed, and sign it yourself to prove this 在〔正式文件〕上签名，连署
 Will you witness my signature?
你愿意在我的签字旁连署吗？
5  witness something  (also ..., as witnessed by something) used to introduce an example that proves something you have just mentioned 以…作证〔用于给刚提及的事举例〕
 Bad economic times can result in political dictatorships. Witness Germany in the 1930s.
经济不景气时代可能导致政治独裁，20世纪30年代的德国便是证明。
6. religion 宗教 [intransitiveI]RRC to speak publicly about your Christian beliefs 作见证〔公开表示笃信基督教〕 → testify
Examples from the Corpus
witness• The crash was witnessed by millions of viewers who were watching the race on TV.• The crash was witnessed by scores of holiday weekenders along the beach.• Meanwhile, on the passenger front, the four-mile Sanderstead-Elmers End line witnessed funereal acts on 13 May 1983.• He has seen World Series and traveled to witness Opening Day in a handful of major-league cities.• A stock index does not oscillate with such frightening amplitude as we have witnessed recently unless to announce some tectonic change ahead.• How often we have witnessed such hubris, and how loudly we have guffawed.• Police are appealing for information from anyone who witnessed the attack.• I witnessed the Coventry versus Ipswich match recently.• It is not legal unless the pastor witnesses the marriage license.• But Bobby just sat there with a wolfish grin as guests moved in to witness the spectacle.
witness ... signature• She simply produced the documents, Mr. O'Brien signed and she witnessed his signature.• I witnessed Kennedy's signature on the Friday.
From Longman Business Dictionary
witnesswit·ness1 /ˈwɪtnəs/ noun [countableC]LAW
1someone in a court of law who tells the court what they saw or what they know about a crime
The government’s case rested on one key (=important) witness.
I was asked to testify as a defense witness (=acting to defend the person accused of committing a crime).
the main prosecution witness (=acting to show that the accused person is guilty)
→ expert witness
2someone who is present when an official paper is signed and who also signs it to prove this
witness to
You will need two witnesses to the signing of the document.
witnesswitness2 verb [transitiveT]LAW
to be present when someone signs an official document, and to sign it yourself to show this
Will you witness my signature?
Origin witness1
Old English witnes “knowledge, account, witness”, from wit; → WIT
wit·ness1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1witness2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2473 COCA: 1970
witness

noun¹

 1person who sees sth目擊者ADJECTIVE | VERB + WITNESS | WITNESS + VERB | WITNESS + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤crucial, key, material, vital (especially BrE) 起決定作用的見證人；關鍵的目擊證人；重要證人◇As the last person to see her alive, he was a material witness in the case.作為她死前最後一個見過她的人，他成為本案的重要目擊證人。➤independent (especially BrE) 獨立見證人▸➤credible, reliable可靠的見證人▸➤unreliable不可靠的見證人➤silent (figurative) 沉默的見證人◇The ancient temples bear silent witness to the passing dynasties.這些古剎默默見證了歷代的興亡。VERB + WITNESS➤appeal for (especially BrE) 呼籲目擊者作證◇The police are appealing for witnesses.警方呼籲目擊者出來作證。➤trace找到目擊者◇Police have so far failed to trace any witnesses to the attack.到目前為止，警方還沒有找到這次襲擊的目擊者。WITNESS + VERB➤come forward目擊證人出庭◇Two witnesses came forward with evidence.兩個目擊者出庭作證。➤report目擊者舉報◇Witnesses reported that the suspect was a white male.目擊者舉報說，嫌疑犯是一名白人男子。WITNESS + NOUN➤account, statement (especially BrE) 目擊者的描述PREPOSITION➤according to witness根據目擊者的描述◇According to witnesses, the thief escaped through the bedroom window.根據目擊者的描述，小偷是從卧室的窗戶逃走的。➤witness to⋯的目擊者◇a witness to murder謀殺案目擊者
witness

noun²

 2in a court of law法庭ADJECTIVE | VERB + WITNESS | WITNESS + VERB | WITNESS + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤chief, main, principal, star (especially NAmE) 主要證人◇the prosecution's chief witness原告的主要證人➤potential可能的證人▸➤reluctant, unwilling不情願作證的證人▸➤hostile敵意證人▸➤defence/defense, prosecution辯方／控方證人▸➤federal, state, state's (all NAmE) 聯邦證人；公訴方證人▸➤expert專家證人▸➤character品格證人▸➤civilian, police (BrE) 平民／警方證人VERB + WITNESS➤call, subpoena, summon (especially BrE) 傳喚證人◇The defence called their first witness.被告傳喚他們的第一個證人。➤be called as, be subpoenaed as, be summoned as (especially BrE) 被傳喚做證人◇He was subpoenaed as a witness in a bankruptcy case.在一起破產案中，他被傳喚做證人。➤appear as作為證人出庭◇She appeared as a character witness.她是作為品格證人出庭的。➤swear in使證人宣誓▸➤cross-examine, examine, interrogate, interview, question盤問證人；訊問證人；質詢證人▸➤hear聽取證詞▸➤discredit證實證人不可信▸➤intimidate, threaten恐嚇／威脅證人◇A judicial investigation was ordered, but witnesses were threatened and none would testify.司法調查令已經下達，但是證人受到威脅，都不願意出庭作證。➤protect保護證人WITNESS + VERB➤be sworn in, take the stand證人作證宣誓／出庭作證◇The next witness took the stand.下一個證人出庭作證。➤give evidence, testify證人作證▸➤state sth證人陳述⋯▸➤identify sb證人指認某人◇She was the only witness to identify Peters as the attacker.她是指認彼得斯為攻擊者的唯一證人。WITNESS + NOUN➤box, stand (NAmE) 證人席▸➤summons (BrE) 證人傳票➤testimony (especially NAmE) 證人證詞➤intimidation, tampering (especially NAmE) 威脅證人罪；干擾證人罪◇The jury convicted him on two counts of witness tampering.陪審團給他定了兩項干擾證人罪。➤protection證人保護◇She went into a witness protection program. (NAmE) 她成為證人保護計劃的保護對象。◇He was placed on a witness protection scheme. (BrE) 他被納入了證人保護計劃。PHRASES➤a witness for the defence/defense, a witness for the prosecution辯方／控方證人
witness

noun³

 3of a signature簽字VERB + WITNESS | WITNESS + VERB | PREPOSITION VERB + WITNESS➤act as作為簽字的見證人WITNESS + VERB➤sign見證人簽字PREPOSITION➤in front of witness當着見證人的面◇The marriage contract is signed in front of witnesses.婚約是當着幾個見證人的面簽訂的。➤witness to⋯的見證人◇Would you be willing to act as a witness to my signature when I sign my will?你願意做我簽署遺囑的見證人嗎？
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2473 COCA: 1970
witness verb
⇨ noticewitness noun
⇨ witness (a witness to the accident) ⇨ bear witness ⇨ confirm verb 1 witness

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for audience 另见audience条witness ♦︎ observer ♦︎ onlooker ♦︎ passer-by ♦︎ bystander ♦︎ eyewitnessThese are all words for a person who sees sth happen. 这些词均表示目击者。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a witness / an observer / an onlooker / a passer-by / a bystander / an eyewitness sees sb / sth◆an observer / an onlooker / a passer-by / a bystander witnesses sth■ witness [countable] a person who sees sth happen and is able to describe it to other people; a person who gives evidence in court 目击者；见证人；证人◆Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。◆a prosecution / defence witness控方／辩方的证人◆She appeared as a witness for the prosecution.她出庭为控方作证。◆Several witnesses testified that there had been two gunmen.几个目击者证实有两名持枪歹徒。  see also witness ⇨ notice verb ■ observer əbˈzɜːvə(r); NAmE əbˈzɜːrvər [countable] a person who sees sth happen 目击者；观看者◆To the casual observer, it would have looked like any other domestic argument.乍看起来，这跟其他家庭纷争没什么区别。◆According to observers, the plane exploded shortly after take-off.据目击者说，飞机起飞后不久就爆炸了。   see also observe ⇨ notice verb ■ onlooker ˈɒnlʊkə(r); NAmE ˈɑːnlʊkər, ˈɔːnlʊkər [countable] a person who watches sth that is happening but is not involved in it 旁观者◆A crowd of onlookers gathered at the scene of the crash.撞车事故现场聚集了一大群围观的人。■ ˌpasser-ˈby (plural passers-by) [countable] a person who is going past sb/sth by chance, especially when sth unexpected happens （尤指发生意外时的）路人，过路的人◆Police asked passers-by if they had witnessed the accident.警察询问路过的人是否目击了这起事故。■ bystander ˈbaɪstændə(r) [countable] a person who is near and can see what is happening when sth such as an accident or fight takes place （事故或打斗的）旁观者◆Three innocent bystanders were killed in the crossfire.三位无辜的旁观者在交火中丧命。■ eyewitness ˈaɪwɪtnəs [countable] a person who has seen a crime or accident and can describe it afterwards （罪案或事故的）目击者，见证人◆One eyewitness saw the gunmen leave the building.一位目击者看见持枪歹徒离开大楼。◆He gave an eyewitness account of the suffering of the refugees.他讲述了亲眼目睹的难民的苦难遭遇。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2473 COCA: 1970

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