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IELTS BNC: 633 COCA: 597
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source ♦︎ cause ♦︎ origin ♦︎ root ♦︎ starting point ♦︎ beginningsThese are all words for the point that sth starts from. 這些詞均表示來源、起源、起因。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) common source / cause / origin / roots / starting point◆a possible / natural source / cause / origin / starting point◆the real source / cause / origin / roots / beginnings◆the true / obscure source / cause / origin / beginnings◆a / an known / unknown source / cause / origin◆to have a source / a cause / origins / roots / a starting point / beginnings◆to identify the source / cause / origin / starting point / beginnings of sth◆to find the source / cause / origin / root / starting point of sth◆to locate / discover / investigate / trace the source / cause / origin / roots of sth■ source [countable] a place, person or thing that you get sth from 來源；出處◆We need to obtain more energy from renewable sources.我們需要從可再生資源中獲取更多能源。◆Your local library will be a useful source of information.你們當地的圖書館將是很好的資料來源。◆The tiny window was the only source of light.那扇小窗戶是唯一的光源。■ cause [countable] the thing or person that makes sth happen 原因；起因◆Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.失業是貧困的主要原因。◆There was discussion about the fire and its likely cause.對那場火災及其可能的起因有過討論。◆He died of natural causes.他是自然死亡的。  see also cause ⇨ cause verb ■ origin [countable, uncountable] ( origins [plural]) (especially written) the point from which sth starts; the first or early ideas, signs or stages of sth 起源；源頭；原始階段◆The origin of the word remains obscure.該詞的來源尚不清楚。◆Most coughs are viral in origin (= caused by a virus).咳嗽大多是由病毒引發的。◆Bottles are labelled by country of origin.那些瓶子上貼有原産國標簽。◆The TV series examines the origins of life on earth.這個電視系列節目探究地球上生命的起源。◆This particular custom has its origins in Wales.這種特殊風俗起源於威爾士。■ root [countable] (especially written) the main cause of sth, such as a problem or difficult situation; the origin or basis of sth （問題、困境等的）根源；起源；根基◆We have to get to the root of the problem.我們必須找到問題的根源。◆What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.他的一切憂慮源於一種不安全感。◆What would you say was the root cause of the problem?你認爲問題的根本原因是什麽？◆The two languages share a common root.這兩種語言同源。◆Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.弗拉門科舞曲起源於阿拉伯音樂。NOTE 辨析 Origins or root?In some cases you can use either word. 在有些情況下這兩個詞可以通用◆The custom has its origins / roots in Wales.這種風俗起源於威爾士。Both words can mean 'cause' but in slightly different ways: use root to talk about the cause of a problem. 二者都可表示原因、起因，但用法稍有區别。root指問題的起因◆We have to get to the origin of the problem. Use origin to talk about when, where and how sth started. * origin指某事在何時、何地及如何開始◆the origin of life / species / the universe生命／物種／宇宙的起源◆the roots of life/species/the universe The word roots can often suggest an emotional or cultural attachment; the word origins is more scientific. It is usual to talk about sb's social origins (= the social class they came from and the jobs their parents did) but their cultural roots (= the beliefs and customs of people in the family or place that they came from). * roots常有感情或文化色彩，origins則更具科學性。通常說某人的social origins（社會出身），但說他們的cultural roots（文化根源）。   see also origin , roots ⇨ family 3 ■ ˈstarting point [countable] a thing, idea or set of facts that can be used to begin a discussion or process （討論或過程的）起點，基礎◆The TV documentary served as a useful starting point for our discussion.這部電視紀錄片成了我們討論的有益起點。◆They reached the same conclusion from different starting points.他們的結論殊途同歸。ⓘ Starting point is often used after positive adjectives such as convenient, good, suitable and useful. * starting point常用在有積極意義的形容詞後面，如convenient、good、suitable和useful。■ beginnings [plural] (especially written) the first or early ideas, signs or stages of sth 原始構想；初始階段◆Did democracy have its beginnings in ancient Greece?民主制度創始於古希臘嗎？◆From these small beginnings it grew into the vast company we know today.這公司從這些小本生意起步，發展成爲我們今天所知道的大公司。ⓘ Beginnings is usually used in the phrase sth had its beginnings in... or to describe how sth has changed from beginnings that were humble, modest, simple or small. * beginnings通常用在短語sth had its beginnings in ...中，或用humble、modest、simple或small修飾，表示事物如何發展起來。

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