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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989

mass

Word family 
Related topics: Physics
mass1 /mæs/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun  
1  large amount 大量
a) [countableC]HPLOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT a large amount of a substance which does not have a definite or regular shape 团，块，堆
 The food had congealed into a sticky mass.
那食物结成了黏糊糊的一团。
mass of
 a high mass of rock
一块高大的岩石
b) [countableC usually singular]LOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT a large amount or quantity of something 大量，大宗
mass of
 a huge mass of data
大量资料
c) masses of something British EnglishBrE informalLOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT a large amount of something, or a lot of people or things 许多的某物，大量的人［物］
 Masses of books covered every surface in the room.
许多许多的书摊满了整个房间。
2  crowd 人群 [singular]CROWD a large crowd 一大群
mass of
 There was a mass of people around the club entrance.
俱乐部门口聚集着一大群人。
 The road was blocked by a solid mass of protesters.
道路被密密麻麻的抗议者阻塞了。
► see thesaurus at group
3  the masses PERSON/PEOPLEall the ordinary people in society who do not have power or influence 民众，平民
 The trains provided cheap travel for the masses.
火车为大众提供了廉价的出行方式。
Examples from the Corpus
the masses• Donald Reid Cabral took over, but he had almost no following among the masses.• Just as long, that is, as the masses do not mind interminable delays.• The BeBox is not ready for the masses.• Lenin's position depended on the support of the masses.• Divorced from any clear patronage, western artists were free to look inwards and to ignore the tastes of the masses.• By contrast, the large zebra lives on the masses of low quality stem material.• Henry Ford made automobiles affordable to the masses.• Television has brought cheap entertainment to the masses.• The representatives of the middle classes were quite prepared to leave the movies to the masses.• Except on weekends, when the masses come to see them.• Whatever can not be shared with the masses is taboo to me.
4  the mass of people/the population/workers etc PERSON/PEOPLEmost of the people in a group or society 人民/人口/工人等中的大多数 SYN the majority
 The war is strongly supported by the mass of the population.
这场战争得到了大多数人的有力支持。
Examples from the Corpus
the mass of people/the population/workers etc• For the mass of the population, indeed, the shift of interest arguably went in the other direction.• Such feelings developed very much within the context of the lived experience of the mass of the population.
5  church ceremony 教堂仪式 (also Mass)
a) [countableC, uncountableU] the main ceremony in some Christian churches, especially the Roman Catholic Church, which celebrates the last meal that Jesus Christ ate 〔尤指天主教的〕弥撒
 What time do you go to mass?
你什么时间去望弥撒？
morning/evening/midnight etc Mass
 Will I see you at morning Mass?
我能在早上做弥撒时见到你吗？
say/celebrate Mass (=perform this ceremony as a priest) 主持弥撒
→ High Mass
b) [countableC] a piece of music written to be performed at the ceremony of mass 弥撒曲
 Mozart’s Mass in C minor
莫扎特的《C小调弥撒曲》
6  science 科学 [uncountableU] technicalHP the amount of material in something 质量
 The Sun makes up 99.9% of the mass of our solar system.
太阳占太阳系质量的99.9%。
→ critical mass
Examples from the Corpus
mass• A mass of people stood before the courthouse.• A mass of bodies scrambled over the shelves, everybody was shouting at one another and books were being thrown in all directions.• Aerobic exercise and reduced-calorie diets produce weight loss, but reduce the resting metabolic rate because they do not maintain muscle mass.• The bus station was a seething mass of people.• Balustraded verandas surmounted each level, and a succession of towers projected from the mass of the building.• What would he say of the masses of modern art that you have to plug in in order to fully appreciate?• The mass is apparently about right, and the Z o has appeared at just the right frequency.• Soon afterwards, as in the Western Middle Ages, there were masses of peasant serfs, and great feudal States.
solid mass• The drained curd, now a solid mass, is turned out of the muslin and the really hard work of milling begins.• To the Gaijin rear Jotan's five hundred were a solid mass cutting off the line of retreat.• The hygroscopic mixture got damp; when the humidity went down again it caked into an intractable solid mass.• Walls can be cut half-way down or at either side to form dividing slabs rather than solid masses.• It was wild, looking at the solid mass of people and then looking.
say/celebrate Mass• Having made that decision, he found he could once again say Mass.• Ask him to be so kind as to come here and say Mass tomorrow morning.• One such male priest conducted a ritual of purification of a church after a woman priest had celebrated Mass there.• Why tear the church apart sO you can see the priest say Mass?• Catholic community that celebrated Mass each Sunday in a chapel on the campus of Georgetown University.• I wasn't able to say Mass.• From about the twelfth century and until the Council, every priest was expected to say Mass separately each day.
mass2 ●●○ W3 adjectiveadj [only before noun]  
PERSON/PEOPLEinvolving or intended for a very large number of people 民众的，群众的；大量的
 a mass protest
大规模的抗议
 weapons of mass destruction
大规模杀伤性武器
 the problem of mass unemployment
大批人失业的问题
mass marketing/entertainment etc
 a mass marketing campaign
大规模营销活动
 Email has made mass mailings possible at the touch of a button.
有了电子邮件，点击一个按钮就可以群发邮件。
Examples from the Corpus
mass• Annie has a degree in mass communications.• mass destruction• Frankish soldiers commit a terrible mass execution of defiant Saxons at Verden.• a mass grave• Today, just a few years after musical compact discs hit the mass market, the long box is history.• Daily newspapers are now becoming popular, providing the first phase of what will later become known as the mass media.• The mass payback continues to improve with each additional mission.• In spite of local differences, modern mass society was beginning to appear.• Air travel was growing rapidly, while the role of mass transit on the ground was shrinking almost everywhere.• At the Pavilion in Bournemouth there was a mass walk out of about 200 disgusted people.
mass marketing/entertainment etc• What had arrived now really was mass entertainment.• It provided a vocabulary for the mass marketing of hippies.• In the process it invented mass entertainment, the 10-lane freeway and smog.
mass3 verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]  
TOGETHERto come together, or to make people or things come together, in a large group （使）聚集，（使）集结，（使）集中 SYN gather
mass (something) behind/along/in etc something
 Western reports say that troops have been massing in the region since December.
西方的报道说自12月起军队就在这个地区集结了。
 grey clouds massing behind the mountains
在群山之后积聚的灰色云团
 Both countries have massed troops along the border.
两国都在边界一带集结了军队。
Examples from the Corpus
mass• The animals which fought there gave little heed to defence; they massed around them and tried to engulf them.• Large numbers of women massed behind a single women's rights issue.• Most of our archers were massing in the gatehouse, shooting at those trying to force an entry.• According to some reports both countries then began massing troops in the region.
Origin mass1
1. (1300-1400) French masse, from Latin massa, from Greek maza
2. (800-900) Vulgar Latin missa “sending away at the end of a religious service”, from Latin mittere “to send”
mass1 nounmass2 adjectiveadjmass3 verb
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989
mass

noun¹

 1large amount/number of sth大量ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤enormous, great, huge, large, vast巨大的一團；龐大的一團▸➤broad大量；大宗；大多數◇Their policies appeal to the broad mass of the population.他們的政策受到廣大民眾的歡迎。➤shapeless無形的一堆◇When I washed the sweater, it just turned into a shapeless mass.這件毛衣我洗了以後就不成形了。➤compact, dense, solid密實的一堆；緊密的一團；結實的一塊➤land陸塊◇the first women to cross Antarctica's land mass on foot首次徒步穿越南極大陸的女性➤chaotic亂糟糟的一堆◇a chaotic mass of ideas亂糟糟的一堆想法➤swirling打旋的一團◇a swirling mass of shadows一團打着旋的影子➤tangled纏結不清的一團◇a tangled mass of hair一團亂髮PREPOSITION➤mass of一團⋯◇a dense mass of smoke一團濃煙➤masses of (informal) 大量的⋯◇There were masses of people at the concert.音樂會上人山人海。PHRASES➤the huddled masses, the unwashed masses (= large numbers of poor people) 飢寒交迫的民眾；貧苦之眾◇the image of America with arms open wide to the world's huddled masses向全世界飢寒交迫的人們敞開懷抱的美國形象
mass

noun²

 2Mass Christian ceremony基督教儀式ADJECTIVE | VERB + MASS | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤Catholic, requiem天主教／安魂彌撒➤midnight, Sunday午夜／主日彌撒VERB + MASS➤attend, go to, hear參加／去做／聆聽彌撒◇She never failed to attend Sunday Mass.她從未缺席主日彌撒。➤celebrate, offer, say主持彌撒；做彌撒◇The local priest celebrates Mass in the church.當地牧師在教堂主持彌撒。PREPOSITION➤mass for為⋯做的彌撒◇a requiem mass for the sailors who drowned為淹死的水手舉行的安魂彌撒
mass

noun³

 3 (technical術語) quantity of material質量ADJECTIVE | VERB + MASS ADJECTIVE➤atomic, molecular原子／分子質量➤body, bone, muscle身重；骨量；肌肉質量◇Calcium deficiency can lead to low bone mass in adolescent girls.鈣缺乏可能導致少女骨量低。➤critical足夠的數量◇The product has to be good enough to achieve a critical mass of customers. (figurative) 產品必須足夠好才能吸引到足夠數量的顧客。VERB + MASS➤measure測質量➤add, gain增加質量◇Bodybuilders trying to gain muscle mass eat a lot of protein.想要增加肌肉質量的健身者需要攝入大量蛋白質。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989
mass verb
⇨ meet 1mass noun
⇨ general public (cheap transport for the masses) ⇨ pile (a mass of snow and rocks) ⇨ weight (the mass of a planet)mass adj.
⇨ wide 1
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989

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