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BNC: 598 COCA: 713

poor

Word family 
Related topics: Illness & disability
poor /pɔː $ pʊr/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj (comparativecomp poorer, superlativesupl poorest)   → paw, pour, pore
1  no money 没有钱POOR
a) having very little money and not many possessions 贫穷的，贫困的 OPP rich
 Her family were so poor they couldn’t afford to buy her new clothes.
她家穷得甚至买不起新衣服给她。
 an area where poor people lived
穷人居住区
 one of the poorest countries in the world
世界上最贫穷的国家之一
 a poor part of Chicago (=where a lot of poor people live)
芝加哥的一个贫民区
 My grandparents grew up dirt poor (=very poor).
我的祖父母在赤贫的环境里长大。
desperately/extremely poor
 Many of the families are desperately poor.
其中许多家庭极度贫困。
b) the poor [plural]POOR people who are poor 穷人，贫民
 It’s the government’s responsibility to help the poor.
接济穷人是政府的责任。
the rural/urban/working poor
 tax relief for the working poor
针对贫困打工族的减税
2  not good 不好的BAD not as good as it could be or should be 不佳的，差的，次等的，低劣的
 The soil in this area is very poor.
这一地区土壤很贫瘠。
 poor rates of pay
很低的薪酬
 He blames himself for the team’s poor performance.
他因球队的不佳表现而自责。
of poor quality (=not made well or not made of good materials) 品质差的
 The jacket was of very poor quality.
这件夹克质量非常差。
poor hearing/eyesight/memory
 Her hearing is poor, so speak fairly loudly.
她的听力不好，所以你要说得很大声才行。
make/do a poor job of doing something
 The builders did a really poor job of fixing our roof.
那些建筑工人为我们修房顶，活儿干得很糟糕。
► see thesaurus at bad
3  sympathy 同情 [only before noun] spokenUNLUCKY used to show sympathy for someone because they are so unlucky, unhappy etc 可怜的；不幸的；令人同情的
 Poor kid, he’s had a rough day.
可怜的孩子，今天他真倒霉。
 You poor thing, you’ve had a hard time of it, haven’t you?
可怜的东西，你过得很苦，是不是？
 Poor old Ted was sick for weeks.
可怜的老特德病了几个星期。
4  not good at STH 不善于某事的BAD AT not good at doing something 不善于…的，对…不熟练的，差的
 a poor public speaker
拙于演讲的人
poor at
 He’s poor at sports.
他不擅长体育运动。
5  health 健康MIILL someone whose health is poor is ill or weak for a long period of time 〔身体〕虚弱的，衰弱的
 My parents are both in rather poor health.
我父母的身体都很不好。
6  poor in something NOT HAVElacking something that is needed 缺乏某物的
Examples from the Corpus
poor in something• The country is poor in natural resources.
7  a poor second/third etc LOSE A GAME, COMPETITION, OR WARthe act of finishing a race, competition etc a long way behind the person ahead of you 〔在比赛中〕被远远抛在后面的第二名/第三名等
Examples from the Corpus
come (in) a poor second/third etc• It is true though, that where waters are absolutely saturated with maggots, even bread comes a poor second.• In the real world political initiatives come a poor second to security considerations.• All in all marriage was a pragmatic affair and individual desires came a poor second to the harmony of the group.• The passenger has always come a poor second to the operational integrity of the system.• The Socialists would come a poor second with 26.5%; the Communists could expect no more than 7%.
8  the poor man’s somebody used to say that someone is like a very famous performer, writer etc but is not as good as they are 蹩脚的某人〔表示某人像某著名艺人、作家等，但相形见绌〕
9  the poor man’s something used to say that something can be used for the same purpose as something else, and is much cheaper 便宜的代用品
Examples from the Corpus
the poor man’s something• No one could have been more sympathetic to the detail of the poor man's need, or more capable of vicarious imagination.
10  poor relation British EnglishBrEFAIL someone or something that is not treated as well as other members of a group or is much less successful than they are 同类中较次者
Examples from the Corpus
poor of• In the considered opinion of many experts this poor relation of the industry will probably take 80% of the market by volume.
→ be in bad/poor taste at taste1(4), poorly1
n COLLOCATIONS
adverbs
extremely poor
His parents were extremely poor.
desperately poor (=so poor that it causes great suffering)
Half the population remains desperately poor.
dirt poor American EnglishAmE informal (=extremely poor)
We were dirt poor back then.
adjectives
the rural poor (=poor people who live in the countryside)
Difficult economic conditions have driven millions of the rural poor to cities.
the urban poor (=poor people who live in towns and cities)
The condition of the urban poor could no longer be ignored.
the working poor (=poor people who have jobs, rather than unemployed people)
These tax-cut proposals are targeted at the working poor.
 THESAURUS
poor having very little money and not many possessions – used about people or places 〔人或地方〕贫穷的
Many families were too poor to pay for education.
许多家庭穷得付不起学费。
poor countries
贫困国家
hard up/broke (also skint British EnglishBrE) [not before noun] informal having very little money, especially for a short period of time. Skint is more informal than the other words 〔尤指短期内〕拮据的,手头紧的〔skint 与其他词相比更不正式〕
I’m a bit hard up at the moment
现在我手头有点紧。
We were so broke we couldn’t afford to go out to the cinema.
我们穷得没钱去看电影。
ndeveloping [only before noun] a developing country is poor and has very little industry
The disease is found mainly in developing countries.
the developing world
deprived [usually before noun] much poorer than other people in a country, and not having the things that are necessary for a comfortable or happy life – used about people and areas 〔人和地区〕贫困的
The charity works with deprived children in the inner city.
这一慈善机构专门帮助贫民区的贫困儿童。
one of the most deprived areas of London
伦敦最穷的地区之一
disadvantaged especially written used about groups of people in society who have much less chance of being successful because they are poor 〔社会群体〕贫困的〔指因贫穷而缺乏成功的机会〕
An increase in the minimum wage would help the most disadvantaged Americans.
提高最低工资能帮助最贫困的美国人。
needy having very little money, and so needing help – used about groups of people 〔群体〕贫穷的,生活艰苦的
More help should be given to needy families.
应该对贫困家庭提供更多的帮助。
We offer scholarships for needy students.
我们向贫困学生提供奖学金。
destitute especially written having no money or possessions and nowhere to live – used when someone is in a very bad situation 贫困的〔尤用于某人陷于困境时〕
Her family was left destitute after her father died.
她父亲去世后全家人的生活就陷入了贫困。
ndestitute refugees
impoverished formal impoverished people and places are very poor 穷困的
out-of-work miners and their impoverished families
失业的矿工及其贫困的家庭
The children come from impoverished neighbourhoods.
这些儿童来自贫穷街区。
none of the world’s most impoverished countries
poverty-stricken written extremely poor 极贫穷的
poverty-stricken areas
赤贫地区
They were left poverty-stricken.
他们一贫如洗。
penniless especially literary having no money 身无分文的
She died penniless.
她死时身无分文。
a penniless student
贫困学生
COLLOCATIONS CHECK 常用搭配
deprived area/children/homes/background
disadvantaged groups/children/students/background
needy children/students/families
impoverished families/areas/countries
poverty-stricken areas/countries/people
Examples from the Corpus
poor• Attendance at the meeting was poor.• Her chances of recovery are poor.• Her mother grew up dirt poor among migrant workers in Alabama.• Poor baby. Come here and let me give you a cuddle.• The land around here is poor because of years of intensive farming.• People who live in poor countries have a much lower life expectancy.• She was born in a poor district of Chicago in 1925.• Elaine comes from a poor family.• The poor girl gets blamed for everything that goes wrong.• For the long term, today's crisis is obviously a poor guide.• The soil is very poor in minerals and needs some fertilizer.• These examinations are probably a poor instrument for measuring the quality of medical education because they concentrate on factual retention.• Should children attempt to read in poor light?• a poor math student• These cuts will hit the poorest members of society.• I often think of poor Mrs Carrow now.• a poor neighborhood• I hear poor old Steve broke his ankle.• In fact poor people have more at stake in preserving the resources they depend on.• We budgeted an improvement to 1991's poor results in anticipation of a recovery in the economy which never materialised.• The poor, sick, bereaved, came knocking at the door.• His memory is poor, so you may need to repeat things.• Most herbs grow fairly well in dry, poor soil.• The Scotts are so poor they can barely afford milk and bread.• They were so poor they couldn't afford to buy shoes for their children.• Some Democrats believed they lost the election because many poor women didn't turn out to vote.
make/do a poor job of doing something• The script does a poor job of explaining the complicated sociopolitical machinations that many believe will accompany the end-time.
Poor old• Those who do should go here. Poor old Babelfish wasn't much help.• She always preferred men in the house. Poor old Hilda - lost out there, as in everything else!• But the Globe burnt right down to the ground in an hour. Poor old John Heminges just stood there and cried.• Very low. Poor old Matt.• She hoped that she did not appear to others like a worthy cause. Poor old Meredith, all on her own.• Poor old Phil hasn't been on a date in years.• You can tell by the way she falls upon these offerings. Poor old thing.
poor at• He's poor at reading.
in ... poor health• Rumors were rampant that the octogenarian was senile and in poor health.• The South and some industrial states have higher index numbers, which means residents there are in poorer health.• Vincent had looked up Sien and been dismayed to find her and the children in poor health and deplorable conditions.• His wife was in poor health and would suffer if he was jailed.• Gerstung was not wealthy, Duncan said, nor was she in unusually poor health for a woman her age.• Who could blame a wife, herself elderly and in poor health, for suggesting suicide to her terminally ill husband?• At 72 and in poor health, he suffered a heart attack while police officers were still searching for clues.• The effects are more severe than oxygen depletion and may result in prolonged poor health in your fish.
Origin poor
(1100-1200) Old French povre, from Latin pauper
poor adjectiveadj →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 598 COCA: 713
BNC: 598 COCA: 713
poor adj.
⇨ poor 1 (poor people/countries) ⇨ poor 2 (poor quality) ⇨ incompetent (a poor swimmer)poor1

adjective

 poor people/countries 穷人；穷国poor quality 质量差  ➡ See also the entry for bankrupt 另见bankrupt条poor ♦︎ disadvantaged ♦︎ needy ♦︎ impoverished ♦︎ deprived ♦︎ penniless ♦︎ destitute ♦︎ hard upThese words all describe sb/sth that has very little or no money and therefore cannot satisfy their basic needs. 这些词均表示贫穷的、贫困的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达贫穷的程度
disadvantaged➔poor➔penniless
needydestitute
impoverished
deprived
hard up
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived / destitute / hard-up people / families◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived / destitute children◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / penniless / hard-up students◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived groups◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived areas◆poor / disadvantaged / impoverished / deprived regions◆poor / disadvantaged / impoverished countries◆a poor / a disadvantaged / an impoverished / a deprived background◆a poor / an impoverished / a deprived childhood◆very poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived / hard up◆really poor / needy / hard up◆relatively poor / disadvantaged / impoverished / deprived■ poor having very little money; not having enough money for basic needs 贫穷的；贫困的；清贫的◆They were too poor to buy shoes for the kids.他们穷得没钱给孩子买鞋穿。◆They always treated me like a poor relation.他们一直把我当穷亲戚看待。◆We aim to help the poorest families.我们的目的是接济最贫困的家庭。◆It's among the poorer countries of the world.那是世界上较贫困的国家之一。◆ (NAmE, rather informal) I may be dirt poor, but I have my pride.也许我很穷，但我有自尊。 OPP rich , wealthy , affluent ⇨ rich   see also poverty ⇨ poverty ▸ the poor

noun

 [plural] ◆They provided food and shelter for the poor (= people who are poor).他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。■ disadvantaged [usually before noun] having less money and fewer opportunities than most people in society 弱势的；社会地位低的◆socially disadvantaged sections of the community社会中的弱势群体◆the issues facing farmers in disadvantaged rural areas of Europe生活在欧洲贫困乡村的农民所面临的问题▸ the disadvantaged

noun

 [plural] ◆helping the poor and the disadvantaged帮助贫困和弱势人群■ needy poor 贫穷的；贫困的；清贫的◆It's a charity that provides help and comfort for needy children.这是一家为贫困孩子提供帮助和抚慰的慈善机构。 OPP wealthy ⇨ rich   see also need ⇨ poverty ▸ the needy

noun

 [plural] ◆They provide shelter and a hot meal to the homeless and the needy.他们为无家可归和穷困的人提供住所和热食。■ impoverished ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt; NAmE ɪmˈpɑːvərɪʃt (journalism 新闻) poor 贫穷的；贫困的；清贫的◆Thousands of impoverished peasants are desperate to move to the cities.数以千计的贫困农民渴望移居城市。OPP prosperous , affluent ⇨ rich NOTE 辨析 Poor, needy or impoverished? Poor is the most general of these words and can be used to describe yourself, another individual person, people as a group or a country or area. Needy is mostly used to describe people considered as a group; it is not used to talk about yourself or individual people. * poor在这些词中含义最广，可以描述自己、个人、群体、国家或地区。needy多用于描述群体，不用于描述自己或个人◆poor / needy children / families贫困孩子／家庭◆They were too needy to buy shoes for the kids. Impoverished is used, especially in journalism, to talk about poor countries and the people who live there. (To talk about poor areas in rich countries, use deprived.) * impoverished尤用于新闻报道，形容贫困国家及那里的居民。（表示富裕国家中的贫困地区，用deprived。） ■ deprived [usually before noun] without enough food, education, and all the things that are necessary for people to live a happy and comfortable life 贫穷的；贫困的；穷苦的◆It's a very deprived area, with no amenities.那是个非常贫困的地区，没有基本的生活设施。◆We try to identify and provide support for emotionally deprived children.我们努力去寻找得不到关爱的儿童，并为他们提供援助。OPP privileged ⇨ rich   see also deprivation ⇨ poverty NOTE 辨析 Disadvantaged or deprived?With disadvantaged the main emphasis is on the lack of opportunities to earn money, get an education and make a better life. With deprived the emphasis is more directly on the lack of adequate food, housing and other material comforts. People who are emotionally deprived do not get enough love or emotional comfort. * disadvantaged一词强调缺少赚钱、受教育和创造美好生活的机会。deprived一词更直接地强调没有充足的食物、住房和物质生活的安逸。emotionally deprived指得不到足够的关爱。■ penniless (literary) having no money; very poor 一文不名的；穷困的◆She arrived in 1978 as a virtually penniless refugee.1978年她刚来时可以说是个身无分文的难民。◆He died penniless in Paris.他死于巴黎，死时身无分文。■ destitute ˈdestɪtjuːt; NAmE ˈdestɪtuːt [not usually before noun] (rather formal) without money, food and the other things necessary for life 贫困的；贫穷的；赤贫的◆When he died, his family was left completely destitute.他死后家里一贫如洗。   see also destitution ⇨ poverty ▸ the destitute

noun

 [plural] ◆homes and refuges for the destitute穷人收容所■ ˌhard ˈup (informal) having very little money, especially for a short period of time （尤指暂时）拮据的，缺钱的◆After he lost his job he was so hard up he couldn't afford the price of a beer.失业后，他手头拮据，连一杯啤酒都买不起。◆A couple of hard-up students came looking for part-time jobs.来了两个拮据的学生，想找份兼职工作。OPP well off ⇨ rich poor2

adjective

 poor people/countries 穷人；穷国poor quality 质量差poor ♦︎ bad ♦︎ cheap ♦︎ low ♦︎ dismal ♦︎ (taboo) crap ♦︎ inferior ♦︎ (taboo) shit ♦︎ hopeless ♦︎ second-rateThese words all describe sth that is of a low standard or quality. 这些词均表示质量差的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a poor / a bad / a cheap / an inferior / a second-rate copy / imitation◆poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate quality◆poor / bad / low visibility◆a poor / bad / low opinion of sb / sth◆a poor / a bad / a dismal / a crap / an inferior / a shit performance◆a poor / bad / dismal result / record◆a poor / a bad / a crap / an inferior / a shit design◆poor / bad / inferior / second-rate service◆poor / bad / inferior workmanship◆a poor / a low / a dismal / an inferior standard◆a bad / a cheap / a crap / an inferior / a shit / a second-rate product◆very poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate■ poor below the standard or quality that is acceptable or expected 质次的；差的；次的◆We discussed the party's poor performance in the election.我们讨论了该党在选举中欠佳的表现。◆She's been in poor health for some time now.她健康不佳已有些时日。◆On the whole he had a poor opinion of human nature.总的来说，他认为人性本恶。◆It was raining heavily and visibility was poor.大雨倾盆，能见度低。OPP fine ⇨ good 1 ▸ poorly

adverb

◆The job is relatively poorly paid.相对来说，这工作报酬很低。◆Our candidate fared poorly in the election (= did not get many votes).我们的候选人在选举中得票不多。■ bad (rather informal) of a poor quality or standard 质量差的；水平低的◆I thought it was a very bad article.我认为那是一篇低劣的文章。◆That's not a bad idea.那主意不错。◆This isn't as bad as I thought.这没我原来想的那么差。OPP good ⇨ good 1 ▸ badly

adverb

◆She sang two songs, very badly.她唱了两首歌，唱得糟透了。◆The whole thing was badly organized.整件事的组织工作搞得一团糟。NOTE 辨析 Poor or bad? Poor is more frequent in written English in this meaning, but bad is used more in informal spoken English. Some words do not collocate with both poor and bad. * poor表达此义时较常用于书面语，bad多用于非正式的口语。有些词只能与poor或bad其中之一搭配◆They have a poor standard of living.他们的生活水平很低。◆a bad standard of living ◆I don't think it's a bad school.我认为这所学校不错。◆I don't think it's a poor school. ■ cheap low in price and quality 价廉质劣的◆The room was filled with the smell of cheap perfume.房间里弥漫着廉价香水的味道。◆The market has been flooded with cheap imports.市场里充斥着廉价进口货。  see also cheap ⇨ cheap ▸ cheaply

adverb

◆The leaflet had been cheaply produced and photocopied.传单制作粗糙，影印质量差。■ low below the usual or expected standard or quality 低于通常（或预期）标准的；质量差的◆Much of the work was of a very low standard.大部分工作做得很差。◆These measures will lead to a lower quality of life for many older people.这些措施将导致许多老年人生活品质下降。 OPP high ⇨ high 1 ■ dismal ˈdɪzməl (informal) not skilful or successful; of a very low standard 不熟练的；差劲的；不怎么样的◆The singer gave a dismal performance of some old songs.那歌手唱了几首老歌，唱得不怎么样。◆Their recent attempt to increase sales has been a dismal failure.他们最近努力想提高销售量，全都白费劲。ⓘ Dismal most often collocates with failure, performance, result, record and weather. * dismal最常与failure、performance、result、record和weather搭配。▸ dismally

adverb

◆I tried not to laugh but failed dismally (= was completely unsuccessful).我尽量忍着不笑，但根本忍不住。■ crap (BrE) (NAmE crappy) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣质的；糟糕的ⓘ Crap should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. * crap仅限于在非正式场合与年龄、地位相仿的人交谈时使用。如果在与年长者或自认为地位更高的人说话时使用该词，可能会造成很大的冒犯◆I used to be in this really crap band.我曾在这个极差劲的乐队待过。◆a crappy movie / apartment差劲的电影／公寓   see also crap ⇨ rubbish noun ▸ crap

adverb

◆ (BrE) The team played crap yesterday.这个队昨天的表现糟透了。■ inferior ɪnˈfɪəriə(r); NAmE ɪnˈfɪriər (rather formal) not as good as sth else of the same kind 较差的；次的；比不上⋯的◆The cracks in the structure were due to the poor-quality materials and inferior workmanship.建筑物产生裂缝的原因是原料质量差、工艺水平低。◆Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.人们常认为现代音乐不如过去的音乐。 OPP superior ⇨ better , superior ⇨ good 1 ■ shit (BrE) (NAmE shitty) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣质的；糟糕的ⓘ Shit should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. It is an even stronger and more offensive term than crap. * shit仅限于在非正式场合与年龄、地位相仿的人交谈时使用。如果在与年长者或自认为地位更高的人说话时使用该词，会造成很大的冒犯。shit甚至比crap语义更强、更无礼◆I was a shit player.我球打得很臭。◆They're a shitty team.他们队臭极了。■ hopeless (BrE, informal) of a very low quality or standard of service （服务）糟透了的，极差的◆The buses are absolutely hopeless these days.如今的公交车简直糟糕透了。■ ˌsecond-ˈrate not as good as sth else of the same kind 二流的；平庸的；普通的◆Why do we only produce second-rate films?为什么我们只拍出二流的电影？ OPP first-rate ⇨ excellent
BNC: 598 COCA: 713
poor
Poor: poor, impoverished, penniless...
People who are poor: the poor, beggar, pauper...
Bad or of a low quality: sad, poor, terribly...
Not very good: poor, average, limited...
Not skilful or able: incompetent, incapable, awful...
Not enough: inadequate, insufficient, scant...
Ways of expressing sympathy: bad/hard/tough luck, (oh,) what a shame, too bad...

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