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TOEFL BNC: 1210 COCA: 1082

debate

Word family 
de·bate1 /dɪˈbeɪt/ ●●● S2 W2 AWL noun
1  [countableC, uncountableU] discussion of a particular subject that often continues for a long time and in which people express different opinions 討論，辯論
the gun-control debate in the US
美國有關控制槍支的爭論
The new drug has become the subject of heated debate within the medical profession.
這種新藥成了醫學界激烈爭論的話題。
debate over/about
There has been widespread public debate over the introduction of genetically modified food.
公衆已對引入轉基因食品進行了廣泛的討論。
There was much lively debate about whether women should spend more time in the home.
就婦女是否應該花更多時間待在家裏這個話題有許多熱烈的爭論。
A fierce debate raged over which artist’s work should be chosen for the prize.
就哪位藝術家的作品應該得獎一事展開了激烈的爭論。
debate between
the ongoing debate between environmentalists and the road-building lobby over the future of our countryside
環境保護主義者和遊說修建公路的團體之間正在進行的有關我們鄉村未來的討論
Nuclear power has always been a topic that has sparked off considerable debate.
核電一直是引起相當多爭議的話題。
2  [countableC, uncountableU]DISCUSS a formal discussion of a particular problem, subject etc in which people express different opinions, and sometimes vote on them 〔正式的〕討論，辯論〔有時會爲此進行投票表決〕
debate on/over/about
a debate on legalized gambling
對賭博合法化的討論
a televised debate
電視轉播的辯論會
have/hold/conduct a debate
It would have been better to hold the debate during the day.
當時要是把辯論安排在白天進行可能更好。
be under debate
What topics are under debate in Congress this week?
本周國會討論的是什麽議題？
3  be open to debate  (also be a matter for debate)UNCERTAIN if an idea is open to debate, no one has proved yet whether it is true or false 尚待討論，有待商榷 SYN debatable
Whether that would have made any difference is open to debate.
那樣做是否有用還有待商榷。
Examples from the Corpus
be open to debate• This concept is open to debate, in that at least some Ediacaran fossils can be compared with known metazoans.• Whether a further wave of takeovers in the brewing industry would benefit consumers is open to debate.• As a practical matter, the wisdom of tax-cutting is open to debate.• In Alcove 1, everything was open to debate.• It is open to debate whether the office should be performed by a police officer or by a prosecutorial figure.• Jospin's conclusions may be open to debate, but the way he has formulated them is laudable.• The actual number of words that are necessary is open to debate.• Whether civil liberties or freedom of expression really languished in this period is open to debate.
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
considerable debate
There has been considerable debate about the way forward for education.
lively debate (=interesting and involving a lot of different opinions)
The conference produced some lively debate.
intense debate (=in which people put forward strong and different arguments)
The future of the nuclear industry has been a matter of intense debate.
a heated/fierce debate (=in which people express strong opinions in an angry way)
There has been a fierce debate over the way the war was fought.
a wider debate (=involving more people or a more general discussion)
We believe that there should be a wider debate on such an important issue.
a public debate (=in which people put forward their ideas publicly, so that everyone can form an opinion.)
He called for a public debate on race and discrimination.
national debate (=one that involves everyone in a country)
It is time to start a national debate on the future of the health service.
political debate (=involving members of political parties)
There was much political debate on pensions reform.
long-running debate (=continuing for a long time)
the long-running debate about the future of our inner cities
ongoing debate (=still continuing)
This is unlikely to be the final word in this ongoing debate.
verbs
have a debate
I think we should have a public debate on this issue.
provoke/spark/trigger debate (=cause a debate to start)
The episode provoked fierce debate about freedom of speech.
stifle debate (=prevent people from having a debate)
How can the party stifle debate on such an important issue?
debate rages (=happens over a period of time and and involves strong feelings)
A national debate is now raging over the level of youth crime.
phrases
be the subject of debate (=be something that people discuss)
Teaching methods have long been the subject of debate.
be a matter of debate (=be something that people have discussed)
The effectiveness of the government’s policy has been a matter of fierce debate.
be a matter for debate (=be something that people should discuss)
The future of the police force is a matter for public debate.
Examples from the Corpus
debate• The law was passed, after a long and sometimes angry debate.• His jibe was greeted with howls of laughter as Mr Smith savaged Mr Major during the emergency debate on the economy.• Which is fine -- we enjoy a good debate in print, sensationalist punks that we are.• This matter has been the subject of intense public debate in recent weeks.• This stark view of what really matters has touched off a spirited debate and will occupy us in Chapter 5.• There will be a televised debate between those in favour of military action and those who are against.• However, the House will have further opportunities during the debate to clarify that important point.• For his part, Simpson said nothing Tuesday to fuel the debate over the verdicts.• The first question on foreign policy came 35 minutes into the debate.• On some issues he gave details of steps to settle the debate.
heated debate• Even the slightest interface aspect could trigger a heated debate, with adherents of opposing solutions arguing with near-Jesuitical intensity.• After fifteen months of heated debate, Billingham was abandoned.• The issue was the subject of heated debate in a weekly morning caucus session.• Reginald Tufts, whose fighting ability was frequently the topic of heated debate, hit me until I cried.• No presidential policy is so controversial that it provokes heated debate.• Around such alternatives have views polarised in the heated debate over what the bill means for viewers.• There was heated debate regarding the performance of number of ministers.• There was heated debate, but by the casting vote of the chairman we got our grant.
debate on/over/about• The abortion debate is causing more women to run for office.• This latter aim is increasingly important amidst debates about what health insurance should cover.• At the Campaign Against Arms Trade there is a continuing debate about whether to set practical or absolute aims.• Some items of expenditure are fixed by statute and there is no room for debate about how much is to be spent.• There has been very little public debate on the Navy's new program.• Some Conservative Members have made their last speeches in a Second Reading debate on coal.• Last fall a congressional tourism commission started debate on legalizing gambling.• The aim is to illustrate the emphasis in the debate on public choice considerations.• With publicity over gay marriages, the debate over homosexuality and the Bible once again fills radio talk-show airwaves.• The debate about who should pay what tax in the underdeveloped world has moved centre stage.
debate2 ●●○ AWL verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]
1  DISCUSSto discuss a subject formally when you are trying to make a decision or find a solution 〔正式地〕討論，辯論
The issue will be debated on Tuesday.
這個問題將在星期二討論。
debate whether/what/how etc
Meanwhile, philosophers debate whether it’s right to clone an individual.
與此同時，哲學家們就克隆人是對是錯的問題進行辯論。
debate (something) with somebody
an invitation to debate with William on the future of democracy
和威廉就民主的未來進行辯論的邀請
His conclusions are hotly debated (=argued about strongly).
他的結論引發了熱烈的討論。
► see thesaurus at talk
2  THINK ABOUTto consider something carefully before making a decision 〔作出決定前〕反複考慮，斟酌
debate with yourself
I debated with myself whether I should tell anyone.
我在反複考慮是否應該告訴别人。
debate who/what/how etc
I’m still debating what to do.
我仍在考慮該怎麽辦。
debate doing something
For a moment Mary debated telling Rick the truth.
瑪麗猶豫了片刻要不要把真相告訴裏克。
Examples from the Corpus
debate• But later the deputies set the stage for possible compromise by agreeing to debate a referendum after all.• The government clearly refuses to give us an opportunity to debate any longer.• The matter will be debated by the General Assembly.• The new law was debated in Parliament on 14 February.• The Bundesbank central council will meet Thursday to debate interest-rate and monetary policy.• Few areas of nutrition are more hotly debated than whether or not people should take vitamin supplements.• We were debating the best way to reach the river, when a passing ranger kindly pointed it out.• We have spent three days debating the council tax.• He was mournfully re-enacting the conversation between two officials, as they debated the merits of revoking a pass-interference penalty.• They were no longer debating the rights of man at a Club for Equality and Reform.• Whilst the consequences of these changes may be hotly debated, their marketing impact on business enterprises has been immense.• They had already debated where to go on vacation, Yosemite or Lake Tahoe.• We debated whether to fly or go by train, finally deciding on the train.
debate whether/what/how etc• Why is it that the Government do not want to debate what is happening in Renfrewshire?• She debated whether she would do the church first or the vicarage.• Reams of paper have been used to debate what tag-questions, for instance, mean.• And why do firms debate whether they are correctly leveraged?• The hour had long since passed for his call to Virginia Stillman, and he debated whether to go through with it.• Derek debated whether to telephone Charlotte Ladram and offer his condolences, but, in the end, he decided not to.• Today, there is no formal structure to investigate or even debate whether UFOs have skipped through our atmosphere.
debate with yourself• Would it, Celia debated with herself, be wrong now to ask her to become a godparent?• I debated with myself but in the end, I could not bring myself to pack up and leave.• He returned to the quad, glumly debating with himself what to do next.• He debated with himself whether to stay and so risk capture or leave while the exit was clear.
Origin debate2
(1200-1300) Old French debatre, from batre “to hit”
TOEFL BNC: 1210 COCA: 1082
debate

noun¹

 1discussion爭論ADJECTIVE | VERB + DEBATE | DEBATE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤considerable相當大的爭論➤growing不斷升溫的爭論◇the growing debate on school reform關於學校改革越來越多的爭論➤fierce, heated, intense, lively, raging, robust, serious, spirited, vigorous激烈的爭論；熱烈的討論；活躍的討論；嚴肅的爭論；踴躍的討論◇There has been heated debate about whether the movie should be allowed.關於是否準許放映這部影片一直激辯不休。➤acrimonious, bitter, contentious激烈的爭論◇The club started admitting women in 1901 after years of bitter debate.經過多年激烈的爭論，俱樂部終於在 1901 年開始允許女性加入。➤rational, reasoned理性的／講道理的討論◇The nature of this book is to provoke reasoned debate.本書旨在引發理性的討論。➤honest, open坦誠的辯論◇Honest debate is the foundation of democracy.坦誠辯論是民主的基礎。➤continuing, ongoing持續的辯論◇the ongoing debate over American foreign policy關於美國對外政策的持續辯論➤age-old, long-running, long-standing由來已久的／長時間的／長期的辯論➤endless無休止的辯論➤contemporary, current當下的討論▸➤broader, wider更廣泛的爭論◇You cannot separate unemployment from the wider debate about the economy.不能將失業與更廣泛的經濟問題方面的討論分割開來。➤public公眾討論◇Television actually encourages public debate about such issues.事實上電視促進了公眾關於這類問題的討論。➤national全國辯論➤internal內部辯論◇Efforts to reduce the budget have led to a lot of internal debate at the studio.削減預算的努力引起了工作室內部廣泛的辯論。➤philosophical, political, scientific, theological哲學／政治／科學／神學方面的辯論➤academic, intellectual, scholarly學術／認知／學問上的辯論VERB + DEBATE➤have討論▸➤contribute to在討論中發表意見◇Many leading charities have contributed to the debate on world poverty.許多主要慈善團體都參加了有關世界貧困問題的討論。➤enter, join加入討論◇He was reluctant to enter the debate for or against war.他不大情願加入支持還是反對戰爭的辯論。➤encourage, promote鼓勵討論；促進討論◇A healthy society promotes vigorous debate.一個健康的社會會鼓勵大家踴躍發表意見。➤fuel, generate, ignite, provoke, spark off, spur, start, stimulate, stir, trigger引發辯論◇This accident has sparked off an intense debate on road safety.這次事故引發了有關道路安全問題的熱烈討論。➤reignite, rekindle, renew, reopen重啟討論◇The incident has reignited public debate over the role of teachers.這一事件重新引發了公眾對教師角色的討論。➤drive, influence推動／影響討論▸➤stifle壓制討論◇He accused the government of trying to stifle debate.他譴責政府試圖壓制討論。➤frame, shape展開討論◇The entire debate is framed in terms of what you can do to protect yourself.全部討論都集中在人們可以採取什麼手段來保護自己。➤lose, win在爭論中敗下陣來；在爭論中獲勝◇The environmentalists seem to have lost the debate over the building of this road.環保人士似乎在修建公路的爭論中敗下陣來。➤resolve, settle解決爭論➤dominate主導討論◇Three major issues have dominated the education debate.三項主要議題主導了教育討論。➤shift轉變討論題目◇These events shifted debate from economic issues to social ones.這些事件使討論從經濟問題轉移到社會問題。➤be a matter for, be open to有待討論；尚無定論◇The benefits of the new law are open to debate.新法律的益處有待討論。DEBATE + VERB➤occur, take place討論發生／進行◇A debate about safety is taking place in schools everywhere.各地學校都在就安全問題展開討論。➤rage爭論爆發➤arise, erupt爭論發生／爆發➤centre/center on sth, focus on sth, revolve around sth爭論集中在⋯／聚焦於⋯／圍繞⋯而進行◇The debate focused on who should pay for the changes.爭論的焦點在於由誰來支付這些變動所需的費用。PREPOSITION➤under debate在討論中◇The issue is still under debate.這個問題尚在討論中。➤debate about, debate on, debate over關於⋯的討論◇the debate on the environment關於環境問題的討論➤debate among⋯之間的討論◇the debate among academics學者之間的討論➤debate between⋯之間的討論➤debate surrounding圍繞⋯的討論◇the debate surrounding contemporary art圍繞當代藝術的討論➤debate with和⋯討論PHRASES➤the subject of debate討論話題◇The proposed changes to the law have been the subject of much debate.對這部法律提出的修改意見引發了大家的諸多議論。
debate

noun²

 2a formal discussion正式辯論ADJECTIVE | VERB + DEBATE | DEBATE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤brief簡短的辯論▸➤lengthy, long冗長的辯論；長時間的辯論▸➤acrimonious, fierce, heated, lively, stormy言辭尖刻的辯論；熱烈的辯論；激烈的辯論◇a stormy debate in the House of Commons眾議院的激烈辯論➤televised電視直播的辯論▸➤congressional, legislative, presidential, vice-presidential (in the US) 國會／立法／總統／副總統辯論◇legislative debates over gay marriage同性戀婚姻的立法辯論➤parliamentary (in the UK) 議會辯論◇a parliamentary debate on the fishing industry關於漁業的議會辯論➤policy政策辯論VERB + DEBATE➤have進行辯論◇We had a brief debate about whether or not to accept the offer.關於是否接受提議，我們進行了簡短的辯論。➤hold, host舉行／主辦辯論會◇The union holds debates for students.協會舉辦了學生辯論會。➤participate in, speak in, take part in參加辯論；在辯論中發言；加入辯論◇Do you ever speak in debates?你在辯論中發過言嗎？➤moderate (especially NAmE) 主持辯論▸➤open在辯論時首先發言◇The president will open the debate.總統將首先發言，拉開辯論的序幕。➤close辯論時最後的總結發言▸➤lose, win輸掉／贏得辯論◇The government lost the debate in the House of Commons.政府在下議院的辯論中敗下陣來。◇The poll showed that the Democrat won last night's presidential debate.民意調查顯示民主黨贏得了昨晚的總統辯論。DEBATE + NOUN➤moderator (NAmE) 辯論主持人➤coach, team (both NAmE) 辯論指導／隊伍➤performance (especially NAmE) 辯論表現◇Experts pore over the President's debate performances.專家們關注總統在辯論中的表現。PREPOSITION➤during a/the debate, in a/the debate在辯論中▸➤debate about, debate on, debate over關於⋯的辯論◇Many of these points were raised during the debate on prison reform.這些問題中有許多都是在關於監獄改革的辯論中提出來的。
debate

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤fully, properly, seriously, thoroughly充分／好好／認真／徹底討論▸➤fiercely, hotly, vigorously激烈地辯論；熱烈地討論◇The issue is still being hotly debated.關於這個問題的討論仍然很熱烈。➤openly, publicly公開討論◇The question of security needs to be debated publicly.安全問題需要公開討論。➤at length, endlessly, extensively詳細／無休止地／廣泛討論PREPOSITION➤with與⋯辯論◇a presidential candidate debating with his opponent與對手辯論的總統候選人◇He sat there debating with himself what to do.他坐在那兒左思右想着該怎麼辦。PHRASES➤be widely debated被廣泛討論◇The report has been widely debated in the industry.這份報告在行業內得到廣泛討論。
TOEFL BNC: 1210 COCA: 1082
debate verb
⇨ talkdebate noun
⇨ debate (There has been much debate on the issue.) ⇨ discussion (a debate in parliament)debate

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for argument 1 另見argument條第1義debate ♦︎ conflict ♦︎ dispute ♦︎ controversy ♦︎ disagreement ♦︎ difference ♦︎ war ♦︎ dissent ♦︎ contentionThese are all words for an argument between people, groups or countries. 這些詞均表示爭論、紛爭、沖突。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a debate / conflict / a dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / a war / contention about / over / between sb / sth◆to be in debate / conflict / dispute with sb / sth◆(a) serious debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / dissent / contention◆(a) growing debate / conflict / controversy / differences / dissent◆(an) unresolved debate / conflict / dispute / differences◆a bitter debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / war◆(an) internal debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / dissent◆open debate / conflict / disagreement / dissent◆(a) political debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / war / dissent / contention◆to cause debate / conflict / a dispute / controversy / dissent◆to lead to / avoid debate / conflict / controversy / a war◆to resolve a debate / a conflict / a dispute / a controversy / a disagreement / sb's differences◆a debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / difference arises◆a conflict / dispute / controversy / war breaks out◆a debate / conflict / dispute / controversy continues■ debate [countable, uncountable] (usually approving) an argument or discussion expressing different opinions, especially when this is seen as a good or necessary thing （尤指有益的或必要的）爭論，辯論，討論◆This accident has sparked off an intense debate.這起事故引發了激烈的爭論。◆the current debate about tax目前關於稅收的討論◆There has been much debate on the issue of childcare.人們對兒童照管問題議論紛紛。◆Whether he deserved what happened to him is open to debate / a matter for debate (= cannot be certain or decided yet).他是否罪有應得還有待討論。■ conflict [countable, uncountable] (rather formal, usually disapproving) a situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument 沖突；爭執◆The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.那次暴力事件是由政治與種族沖突所引起的。◆John often comes into conflict with his boss.約翰經常跟老板發生爭執。■ dispute [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) an argument or disagreement between two people, groups or countries; discussion about a subject where there is disagreement 爭端；糾紛；爭辯◆His job is to settle pay disputes.他的工作是處理工資糾紛。◆The cause of the accident was still in dispute (= being argued about).事故的原因仍有爭議。◆The matter was settled beyond dispute by the court judgment (= it could no longer be argued about).事情已由法庭判決，不容爭辯。◆His theories are open to dispute (= can be disagreed with).他的理論值得商榷。  see also dispute ⇨ disagree verb NOTE 辨析 Conflict or dispute?A conflict is generally more serious than a dispute. A dispute is often about a particular issue, such as who owns sth, or how much money sb should earn. A conflict often lasts a long time, and may be connected with wider issues such as power and religion. 一般說來，conflict比dispute嚴重。dispute常涉及具體問題，比如某物歸誰所有或某人應獲多少工資等。conflict常會持續很久，而且可能涉及更廣泛的問題，如權力和宗教。■ controversy ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi, BrE also kənˈtrɒvəsi; NAmE ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) public discussion and argument about sth that many people strongly disagree about, disapprove of, or are shocked by （公開的）爭議，辯論，論戰◆The President resigned amid continuing controversy.總統在持續不斷的爭議聲中辭職了。◆A fierce controversy has broken out over the issue.關於這個問題爆發了一場激烈的論戰。  see also controversial ⇨ controversial ■ disagreement [uncountable, countable] a situation in which people disagree about sth and often argue 意見不一；分歧；爭論◆Disagreement arose about exactly how to plan the show.在究竟該如何具體地拟定演出計劃的問題上出現了分歧。◆They have had several disagreements with their neighbours.他們跟鄰居爭吵過幾次。OPP agreement ⇨ agreement 2   see also disagree ⇨ disagree verb ■ difference [countable] (rather formal) a disagreement between people 意見分歧；不和◆We have our differences, but she's still my sister.我們雖然有分歧，但她仍然是我妹妹。◆There was a difference of opinion over who had won.到底誰勝誰負，意見不一。  see also differ ⇨ disagree verb ⓘ Difference is used especially when people try to avoid getting angry or having a noisy argument, but still continue to disagree. It is also used when sb wants to suggest that there was no noisy argument, even if there was: There was a difference of opinion... can be a polite way of saying 'There was an argument/a fight...'. * difference尤用於設法避免動氣或爭吵但仍堅持不同意見的場合；該詞還用於暗示沒有發生爭吵，即使真的發生了。There was a difference of opinion ...（存在着意見分歧）可用作There was an argument/a fight ...（發生了爭吵）的委婉說法。■ war [countable, uncountable] (used in compounds 用於複合詞) a situation in which there is aggressive competition between groups, companies or countries （群體、公司或國家之間的）競爭，鬥爭，對抗◆The US threatened a trade war with Europe after the breakdown of the talks.會談破裂後，美國威脅說要與歐洲展開貿易戰。◆The country seemed at times to be close to class war.有時候這個國家的階級沖突似乎一觸即發。■ dissent dɪˈsent [uncountable] (formal) the fact of having or expressing opinions that are different from those that are officially accepted （有别於官方說法的）不同意見，異議◆The authorities continue their suppression of political dissent.當局繼續壓制不同政見。OPP assent ⇨ approval ■ contention kənˈtenʃn [uncountable] (formal) angry or bad-tempered disagreement between people 爭吵；爭執；爭論◆One area of contention is the availability of nursery places.爭論的一個方面是幼兒園入園名額的問題。ⓘ A bone/point of contention is a subject that causes arguments or disagreement between people. * bone/point of contention指引起爭論或爭議的問題◆Privatization of the health service remains a point of contention.公共醫療服務私有化的問題仍然備受爭議。
TOEFL BNC: 1210 COCA: 1082
debate
Discussions and debates: discussion, debate, argument...
To discuss something: discuss, consider, talk...
To think carefully or a lot about things: consider, plan, think out...
Words used to describe discussions and debates: heated, lively, on everyone's lips...

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