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IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138

initiative

Word family 
Related topics: Law
i·ni·tia·tive /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ ●●○ W3 AWL noun  
1  decisions 决定 [uncountableU]INDEPENDENT PERSON the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do 自主决断的能力；主动性
 I wish my son would show more initiative.
我希望我的儿子能表现得再主动一些。
 Don’t keep asking me for advice. Use your initiative.
别老是要我给你出主意，发挥一下你自己的决断能力吧。
 Lt. Carlos was not obeying orders. He acted on his own initiative (=he was not told what to do).
卡洛斯中尉没有服从命令，而是自作主张。
2  plan 计划 [countableC]PLAN an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular problem 计划；措施
 a government initiative to help exporters
扶助出口商的政府计划
 an education initiative
一项教育计划
initiative for
 a new initiative for peace in the Middle East
中东和平新方案
► see thesaurus at plan
3  CONTROL 控制the initiative CONTROLif you have or take the initiative, you are in a position to control a situation and decide what to do next 主动权
 Why don’t you take the initiative and ask him out?
为什么你不主动约他出去呢？
 Politicians need to seize the initiative from the terrorists.
政治家需要对恐怖分子主动出击。
 The government must not lose the initiative in the fight against terrorism.
政府在打击恐怖主义方面不能失去主动权。
Examples from the Corpus
lose the initiative• For the first time in more than a decade Milosevic has lost the initiative.• We have lost the initiative and allowed our opponents to dictate the subject - even the rules - of the debate.• Don't lose the initiative by overwhelming people with words.• Also too often they broke away only to lose the initiative by letting the cockney donkeys get back.• You will need to cooperate with them without losing the initiative.
4. law 法律 [countableC] lawSCL a process by which ordinary citizens can officially suggest a change in the law by signing a petition 公民提案程序〔公民联名提出修改法律〕
Examples from the Corpus
acted on ... own initiative• It was nearly always organised by a government, although some torturers acted on their own initiatives.
From Longman Business Dictionary
initiativei·ni·tia·tive /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ noun
1[uncountableU] the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do
He encourages initiative and new ideas.
You must be prepared to work on your own initiative.
2[countableC] an important new plan or process, done to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular problem
The cost-cutting initiatives are expected to result in savings of $300 million.
an initiative to attract new customers
i·ni·tia·tive noun
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative

noun¹

 1new plan新計劃ADJECTIVE | ... OF INITIATIVES | VERB + INITIATIVE | INITIATIVE + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤fresh, new新計劃；新方案◇fresh initiatives to find a peaceful end to the conflict和平解決爭端的各項新方案➤innovative, pioneering革新方案；開拓性新舉措◇pioneering initiatives in bioengineering生物工程的開拓性新舉措➤current, latest, recent目前的新計劃；最新的倡議；近期的新方案➤proposed提出的新方案➤ongoing執行中的新方案▸➤important, major重要的倡議；主要的舉措▸➤welcome受歡迎的倡議▸➤successful成功的舉措▸➤practical切合實際的新方案▸➤bold, exciting大膽的／振奮人心的新方案➤private私人計劃▸➤collaborative, cooperative, joint協作倡議；合作計劃；聯合方案➤grass-roots基層的倡議▸➤global, international, local, national, regional, statewide (NAmE) 全球性方案；國際性倡議；地方性倡議；全國性的舉措；區域性措施；全州性方案▸➤federal, government, presidential (NAmE) 聯邦政府的／政府的／總統的倡議➤strategic戰略方案▸➤business, e-business, e-commerce, marketing經營新思路；電子商務新思路；新的營銷方案➤diplomatic, economic, legislative, peace, policy, political新的外交舉措；新的經濟計劃；新法案；和平倡議；新的政策方案；新的政治舉措➤safety, training新的安全方案；新的培訓計劃➤development, research開發／研究方案➤education, educational, health新的教育方案；新的健康計劃➤conservation, environmental新的環保倡議➤faith-based (especially NAmE) 基於信仰的方案➤community-based (especially NAmE) 基於社區的計劃➤outreach外展服務計劃➤reform改革方案➤ballot (NAmE) 投票方案... OF INITIATIVES➤range, series一系列的倡議；一系列的新舉措VERB + INITIATIVE➤undertake實施新方案◇The research initiative is being undertaken by a group of environmentalists.一群環保人士正在着手實施這一新的研究計劃。➤plan制訂新計劃▸➤develop形成新方案▸➤announce, unveil宣佈／公佈計劃▸➤create, implement, introduce, launch, set up, start制訂新方案；實施新計劃；推行新計劃；發出倡議；確立新方案◇The government has launched a new policy initiative.政府已經開始推行一項新政策。➤be involved in參與新計劃◇Ten schools have been involved in the initiative.有 10 所學校參與了新計劃。➤become involved in, get involved in投身新計劃➤pursue實行新計劃➤expand擴展新計劃▸➤lead, spearhead引領新思路▸➤approve, pass批准／通過新計劃➤oppose反對新計劃▸➤defeat, reject挫敗新計劃；駁回倡議◇The peace initiative was rejected out of hand.和平方案遭到了斷然否決。➤fund, sponsor資助／支持新計劃◇a peace initiative sponsored by the Organization of African Unity由非洲統一組織首倡的和平方案➤back, endorse, support支持新舉措；贊同新計劃◇The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger.委員會同意了主席提出的倡議，開始對可能進行的並購進行討論。➤promote, push推動新計劃▸➤welcome歡迎新計劃◇We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.我們歡迎政府提出的幫助無家可歸者的新方案。➤encourage鼓勵新方案INITIATIVE + VERB➤be aimed at sth, be designed to新計劃旨在⋯◇a local initiative aimed at economic regeneration以經濟復興為目標的地方新舉措◇an initiative designed to promote collaborative research一項旨在推動合作研究的新計劃➤seek to do sth新計劃力圖⋯➤focus on sth新計劃以⋯為重點▸➤include sth, involve sth, relate to sth新計劃包含⋯／涉及⋯／關涉⋯▸➤fail, founder新計劃失敗◇The initiative foundered because there was no market interest in redevelopment.新計劃擱淺了，因為重建項目沒有市場需求。PREPOSITION➤initiative against針對⋯的方案◇a new initiative against car theft打擊汽車盜竊的新舉措➤initiative by由⋯提出的新計劃◇the latest initiative by the UN Secretary General聯合國秘書長發出的最新倡議➤initiative for為⋯而制訂的措施◇an initiative for peace and human rights旨在維護和平、保障人權的新舉措➤initiative on關於⋯的新方案◇the government's major new initiative on crime政府關於犯罪問題的重大新舉措  ➡ topic at business
initiative

noun²

 2ability to decide/act independently自主能力；主動性ADJECTIVE | VERB + INITIATIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤great, real極大的積極性；真正的主動性▸➤individual, personal, private個人主動性；個人的積極性◇It is a very hierarchical company and there's little place for individual initiative.這家公司等級森嚴，少有發揮個人主動性的空間。VERB + INITIATIVE➤have有主動性◇He had the initiative to ask what time the last train left.他主動詢問最後一班火車什麼時候開。➤display, show展現／表現主動性▸➤act on your own, use, work on your own積極行動；發揮主動性；主動工作◇He acted on his own initiative and wasn't following orders.他是主動這麼做的，並不是奉命行事。◇Don't ask me what you should do all the time. Use your initiative!別老是問我你該幹什麼，你要有自己的主意！➤encourage, promote鼓勵發揮主動性；提高積極性▸➤stifle扼殺積極性◇Raising taxes on small businesses will stifle initiative.提高小企業的稅收會抑制它們的積極性。PREPOSITION➤on sb's initiative某人自發地◇The project was set up on the initiative of a local landowner.項目是由當地一名土地所有人發起的。➤initiative in⋯方面的積極性◇Some scientists show little initiative in applying their knowledge.有些科學家很少主動將自己的知識投入應用。PHRASES➤a lack of initiative, on your own initiative缺乏主動性；主動地◇In an unprecedented action, the army, on its own initiative, arrested seven civilians.軍隊竟然擅自逮捕了 7 名平民，這種行為是前所未有的。
initiative

noun³

 3the initiative opportunity to gain an advantage主動權VERB + THE INITIATIVE | THE INITIATIVE + VERB | PREPOSITION VERB + THE INITIATIVE➤have, hold擁有／掌握主動權◇After their latest setback, the rebel forces no longer hold the initiative.經過上次的失敗後，叛軍不再掌握主動權了。➤gain, seize, take贏得先機；抓住主動權；採取主動➤maintain, retain保持主動權▸➤regain重新獲得主動權◇She then regained the initiative in winning the third game.她贏得了第三局比賽，重新奪回了主動權。➤lose喪失主動權THE INITIATIVE + VERB➤come from sb/sth, lie with sb主動權來自⋯；主動權在某方◇The initiative to reopen negotiations came from Moscow.重啟談判的主動權來自莫斯科方面。PREPOSITION➤initiative in⋯的主動權◇She took the initiative in asking the board to conduct an enquiry.她主動提請委員會進行調查。
IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative noun
⇨ plan 1
IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative
Intelligence, intuition and ability to understand: intelligence, intuition, intellect...
Ways of solving problems: solution, compromise, remedy...
Creating, amending and abolishing laws: abolish, abrogate, amend...
Opportunities: opportunity, chance, choice...

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