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IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative

noun¹

 1new plan新計劃ADJECTIVE | ... OF INITIATIVES | VERB + INITIATIVE | INITIATIVE + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤fresh, new新計劃；新方案◇fresh initiatives to find a peaceful end to the conflict和平解決爭端的各項新方案➤innovative, pioneering革新方案；開拓性新舉措◇pioneering initiatives in bioengineering生物工程的開拓性新舉措➤current, latest, recent目前的新計劃；最新的倡議；近期的新方案➤proposed提出的新方案➤ongoing執行中的新方案▸➤important, major重要的倡議；主要的舉措▸➤welcome受歡迎的倡議▸➤successful成功的舉措▸➤practical切合實際的新方案▸➤bold, exciting大膽的／振奮人心的新方案➤private私人計劃▸➤collaborative, cooperative, joint協作倡議；合作計劃；聯合方案➤grass-roots基層的倡議▸➤global, international, local, national, regional, statewide (NAmE) 全球性方案；國際性倡議；地方性倡議；全國性的舉措；區域性措施；全州性方案▸➤federal, government, presidential (NAmE) 聯邦政府的／政府的／總統的倡議➤strategic戰略方案▸➤business, e-business, e-commerce, marketing經營新思路；電子商務新思路；新的營銷方案➤diplomatic, economic, legislative, peace, policy, political新的外交舉措；新的經濟計劃；新法案；和平倡議；新的政策方案；新的政治舉措➤safety, training新的安全方案；新的培訓計劃➤development, research開發／研究方案➤education, educational, health新的教育方案；新的健康計劃➤conservation, environmental新的環保倡議➤faith-based (especially NAmE) 基於信仰的方案➤community-based (especially NAmE) 基於社區的計劃➤outreach外展服務計劃➤reform改革方案➤ballot (NAmE) 投票方案... OF INITIATIVES➤range, series一系列的倡議；一系列的新舉措VERB + INITIATIVE➤undertake實施新方案◇The research initiative is being undertaken by a group of environmentalists.一群環保人士正在着手實施這一新的研究計劃。➤plan制訂新計劃▸➤develop形成新方案▸➤announce, unveil宣佈／公佈計劃▸➤create, implement, introduce, launch, set up, start制訂新方案；實施新計劃；推行新計劃；發出倡議；確立新方案◇The government has launched a new policy initiative.政府已經開始推行一項新政策。➤be involved in參與新計劃◇Ten schools have been involved in the initiative.有 10 所學校參與了新計劃。➤become involved in, get involved in投身新計劃➤pursue實行新計劃➤expand擴展新計劃▸➤lead, spearhead引領新思路▸➤approve, pass批准／通過新計劃➤oppose反對新計劃▸➤defeat, reject挫敗新計劃；駁回倡議◇The peace initiative was rejected out of hand.和平方案遭到了斷然否決。➤fund, sponsor資助／支持新計劃◇a peace initiative sponsored by the Organization of African Unity由非洲統一組織首倡的和平方案➤back, endorse, support支持新舉措；贊同新計劃◇The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger.委員會同意了主席提出的倡議，開始對可能進行的並購進行討論。➤promote, push推動新計劃▸➤welcome歡迎新計劃◇We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.我們歡迎政府提出的幫助無家可歸者的新方案。➤encourage鼓勵新方案INITIATIVE + VERB➤be aimed at sth, be designed to新計劃旨在⋯◇a local initiative aimed at economic regeneration以經濟復興為目標的地方新舉措◇an initiative designed to promote collaborative research一項旨在推動合作研究的新計劃➤seek to do sth新計劃力圖⋯➤focus on sth新計劃以⋯為重點▸➤include sth, involve sth, relate to sth新計劃包含⋯／涉及⋯／關涉⋯▸➤fail, founder新計劃失敗◇The initiative foundered because there was no market interest in redevelopment.新計劃擱淺了，因為重建項目沒有市場需求。PREPOSITION➤initiative against針對⋯的方案◇a new initiative against car theft打擊汽車盜竊的新舉措➤initiative by由⋯提出的新計劃◇the latest initiative by the UN Secretary General聯合國秘書長發出的最新倡議➤initiative for為⋯而制訂的措施◇an initiative for peace and human rights旨在維護和平、保障人權的新舉措➤initiative on關於⋯的新方案◇the government's major new initiative on crime政府關於犯罪問題的重大新舉措  ➡ topic at business
initiative

noun²

 2ability to decide/act independently自主能力；主動性ADJECTIVE | VERB + INITIATIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤great, real極大的積極性；真正的主動性▸➤individual, personal, private個人主動性；個人的積極性◇It is a very hierarchical company and there's little place for individual initiative.這家公司等級森嚴，少有發揮個人主動性的空間。VERB + INITIATIVE➤have有主動性◇He had the initiative to ask what time the last train left.他主動詢問最後一班火車什麼時候開。➤display, show展現／表現主動性▸➤act on your own, use, work on your own積極行動；發揮主動性；主動工作◇He acted on his own initiative and wasn't following orders.他是主動這麼做的，並不是奉命行事。◇Don't ask me what you should do all the time. Use your initiative!別老是問我你該幹什麼，你要有自己的主意！➤encourage, promote鼓勵發揮主動性；提高積極性▸➤stifle扼殺積極性◇Raising taxes on small businesses will stifle initiative.提高小企業的稅收會抑制它們的積極性。PREPOSITION➤on sb's initiative某人自發地◇The project was set up on the initiative of a local landowner.項目是由當地一名土地所有人發起的。➤initiative in⋯方面的積極性◇Some scientists show little initiative in applying their knowledge.有些科學家很少主動將自己的知識投入應用。PHRASES➤a lack of initiative, on your own initiative缺乏主動性；主動地◇In an unprecedented action, the army, on its own initiative, arrested seven civilians.軍隊竟然擅自逮捕了 7 名平民，這種行為是前所未有的。
initiative

noun³

 3the initiative opportunity to gain an advantage主動權VERB + THE INITIATIVE | THE INITIATIVE + VERB | PREPOSITION VERB + THE INITIATIVE➤have, hold擁有／掌握主動權◇After their latest setback, the rebel forces no longer hold the initiative.經過上次的失敗後，叛軍不再掌握主動權了。➤gain, seize, take贏得先機；抓住主動權；採取主動➤maintain, retain保持主動權▸➤regain重新獲得主動權◇She then regained the initiative in winning the third game.她贏得了第三局比賽，重新奪回了主動權。➤lose喪失主動權THE INITIATIVE + VERB➤come from sb/sth, lie with sb主動權來自⋯；主動權在某方◇The initiative to reopen negotiations came from Moscow.重啟談判的主動權來自莫斯科方面。PREPOSITION➤initiative in⋯的主動權◇She took the initiative in asking the board to conduct an enquiry.她主動提請委員會進行調查。

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