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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3352 COCA: 4744
fragment

noun

  ➡ See also the entries for bit and piece 另见bit条和piece条fragment ♦︎ flake ♦︎ shard ♦︎ splinter ♦︎ chip ♦︎ sliver ♦︎ crumb ♦︎ shred ♦︎ shavings ♦︎ filingsThese are all words for a small piece of sth broken or cut from sth larger. 这些词均表示碎片、碎屑。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in fragments / flakes / shards / slivers / shreds◆(a) small fragments / flakes / shards / splinters / chip / sliver◆(a) tiny fragments / flakes / shard / sliver / shreds◆(a) thin flakes / splinters / sliver / shreds◆flying fragments / shards◆glass / metal fragments / shards / splinters◆wood chips / shavings◆a fragment / shard / splinter / sliver of glass◆a fragment / shard of pottery■ fragment [countable] a small piece of glass, stone, metal or pottery that was part of sth larger that has broken （玻璃、石头、金属或陶器的）碎片◆Police found fragments of glass near the scene.警方在现场附近发现了玻璃碎片。◆The shattered vase lay in fragments on the floor.花瓶碎了一地。■ flake [countable] a small, very thin, flat piece of a substance or material, especially one that has broken off from sth larger 小薄片；（尤指）碎片◆Large flakes of paint were peeling off the walls.大片的油漆从墙上剥落。◆As they neared home the first flakes of snow fell.他们快到家的时候雪花开始飘落。■ shard ʃɑːd; NAmE ʃɑːrd ( sherdʃɜːd; NAmE ʃɜːrd) [countable] (rather formal, written) a sharp piece of broken glass, metal, plastic or pottery （玻璃、金属、塑料或陶器的）尖碎片◆The brickwork exploded in dust and flying shards of clay.砖房爆炸了，灰尘和碎砖土块四处飞散。■ splinter [countable] a small, thin, sharp piece of wood, glass, metal, bone or ice that has broken off a larger piece, especially when it has become stuck in sb's flesh （木头、玻璃、金属、骨头或冰的）尖碎片，尖细条（尤指扎入人肉里的）◆I've got a splinter in my finger (= a small piece of wood).我的手指里扎了一根木刺。◆A small splinter of metal had lodged in his thumb.一个小金属片嵌进了他的拇指。ⓘ Unless otherwise stated, a splinter is a splinter of wood. If it is of some other material, it is a splinter of sth or a glass/metal, etc. splinter. 除非另作说明，splinter指碎木片、木刺。指其他材料的碎片时，要说a splinter of sth或a glass/metal, etc. splinter（玻璃片，金属片等）。■ chip [countable] a small piece of glass, china, wood or tooth that has broken off an object or tooth （玻璃、瓷器、木头或牙齿上掉下来的）碎屑，碎片◆She had a slight chip off her front tooth.她的门牙缺了一小块。◆The gutted raw fish are smoked slowly over wood chips.去除了内脏的生鱼在碎木屑火堆上方慢慢地熏。ⓘ Chip is more frequently used to mean the place from which this piece has broken off. * chip更常指缺口、破损处◆This mug has a chip in it.这杯子有个缺口。 ■ sliver ˈslɪvə(r) [countable] a small or thin piece of sth, especially glass, ice, wood or food, that is cut or broken off from a larger piece （切下或碎裂的）小块，薄片（尤指玻璃、冰、木头或食物）◆Slivers of glass crackled and crunched beneath her feet.玻璃碎片在她脚下嘎吱作响。◆Top each canapé with a sliver of cheese.在每块小饼干上面放一小片奶酪。NOTE 辨析 Fragment or sliver?A fragment is usually part of sth that has broken into lots of pieces. A sliver may have been cut off sth that is still whole except for this one piece. * fragment通常指已碎成很多片的物品的碎片，sliver可指从完整的物品上切下的一小块。■ crumb krʌm [countable] a very small piece of food, especially of bread or cake, that has fallen off a larger piece 食物碎屑；（尤指）面包屑，糕饼屑◆She stood up and brushed the crumbs from her sweater.她站起身掸掉了毛衣上的面包屑。■ shred [countable, usually plural] a small thin piece of fabric or paper that has been torn or cut from sth （撕或切下的）细布条，碎纸片◆His jacket had been torn to shreds by the barbed wire.他的夹克被铁丝网挂得稀烂。   see also shred ⇨ tear verb ■ shavings [plural] thin pieces cut from a piece of wood, using a sharp tool 刨花；木削片◆His study smelled of dust, ink and pencil shavings.他的书房里有灰尘、墨水和铅笔屑的气味。■ filings ˈfaɪlɪŋz [plural] very small pieces of metal, made when a larger piece of metal is filed (= rubbed with a metal tool) （金属）锉屑◆copper / iron filings铜锉屑；铁锉屑

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