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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1933 COCA: 1558

fuel

Word family 
fu·el1 /ˈfjuːəl/ ●●● S3 W2 noun  
[countableC, uncountableU]HEG a substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy 燃料
 Coal is one of the cheapest fuels.
煤是最廉价的燃料之一。
→ add fuel to the fire/flames at add(9)
 COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fuel
a fossil fuel (=a fuel such as coal or oil, produced by the gradual decaying of plants and animals) 化石燃料
Global warming may be caused by burning fossil fuels.
全球变暖可能是燃烧化石燃料引起的。
nuclear fuel 核燃料
What do we do with the spent nuclear fuel?
我们要如何处理用过的核燃料？
solid fuel (=a solid substance, such as coal, that is used as a fuel) 固体燃料
nThe number of homes using solid fuel for heating has decreased.
domestic/household fuel (=used in a house) 民用/家用燃料
nThere has been a sharp rise in domestic fuel costs.
smokeless fuel (=that burns without producing smoke) 无烟燃料
nThe government is trying to encourage the use of environmentally-friendly smokeless fuels.
unleaded fuel (=that does not contain lead) 无铅燃料
nModern cars run on unleaded fuel.
a green fuel (=a fuel that harms the environment as little as possible) 绿色燃料
nAre green fuels, like Biodiesel, really the solution to our fuel crisis?
na clean fuel (=fuel that does not harm the environment)
The proposal is to cut tax on cars that run on clean fuel.
naviation fuel (=used used by planes)
high-octane aviation fuel
verbs
use fuel 使用燃料
People need to learn how to use fuel more efficiently.
人们得学会如何更有效地使用燃料。
run on fuel (=use fuel as the source of power) 消耗燃料
Will this engine run on unleaded fuel?
这种发动机用无铅燃料吗？
run out of fuel (=use all the fuel available and have none left) 耗尽燃料
nThe ship ran out of fuel and drifted helplessly.
fill up with fuel (=put fuel in a vehicle's fuel tank) 加燃料
nBefore leaving, I filled up with fuel at the local petrol station.
save fuel 节约燃料
nYou can save fuel by not driving too fast.
waste fuel 浪费燃料
nThe booklet gives helpful tips on how to avoid wasting fuel.
fuel + NOUN
fuel costs/prices 燃料费用/价格
The increase in fuel costs is severely affecting pensioners.
燃料费用上涨严重影响了领取退休金的人。
a fuel bill 燃料费
Insulating your house will cut your fuel bill.
给房子装上隔热材料可降低燃料费。
a fuel tank (=a container for storing fuel) 燃料箱
nThe fuel tank holds 14 gallons of petrol.
a fuel gauge (=an instrument for measuring fuel) 燃料表
nI noticed the fuel gauge was on empty so I pulled into the nearest gas station.
a fuel pump (=a machine that forces fuel into an engine) 燃料泵
nThe car's fuel pump was leaking.
fuel consumption (=amount used) 燃料消耗量
nFuel consumption averages 54 miles per gallon.
fuel economy/efficiency (=how well a vehicle uses fuel, without wasting any) 燃料经济性/效率
nGreater engine efficiency has led to improved fuel economy.
phrases
something is running low on fuel (=it does not have much fuel left) 某物燃料不足
The plane was running low on fuel.
飞机快没油了。
Examples from the Corpus
fuel• Such anaerobic respiration is much quicker than aerobic respiration, but also much less efficient in terms of energy produced per unit of fuel.• Officials said they began pumping fuel from the barge before noon Sunday at a rate of 240,000 gallons an hour.• The fuel tank holds 14 gallons.
fuel2 ●○○ verb (fuelled, fuelling British EnglishBrE, fueled, fueling American EnglishAmE)  
1  [transitiveT]INCREASE IN ACTIVITY, FEELINGS ETC to make something, especially something bad, increase or become stronger 使恶化；使更强烈 SYN provoke
 His words fuelled her anger still more.
他的话火上浇油，使她更愤怒了。
fuel speculation/rumours/controversy etc
 Progress was slow, fueling concerns that the stadium would not be finished on time.
进度很慢，人们越来越担心体育馆能否按时完工。
2  (also fuel up) [intransitiveI, transitiveT] if you fuel a vehicle, or if it fuels up, fuel is put into it 〔给车辆〕加油，加燃料 SYN fill up
 We’d better fuel up at the next town.
我们最好在下个小镇加油。
 The van was fuelled and waiting in the basement car park.
小货车加好了油，在地下停车场等着。
Examples from the Corpus
fuel• There are growing fears for the safety of the kidnap victims -- fears that have been fuelled by rumours of new terrorist threats.• Proving Koch's postulates would of course be unethical and controversy is fuelled by this lack of scientific certainty.• Rising expectations about the standards of health can therefore be seen as fuelling further demand for health care.• Though Centralism comes in many guises and applications, the basic notions that fuel it are remarkably consistent-as are the results.• They have, throughout their exiles, sent us money and resources to help us fuel our movement.• The President's absence from the May Day parade has fuelled speculation that he is seriously ill.• Then on Wednesday night he forecast that interest rates would drop - fuelling the City boom.• Easy credit terms helped fuel the economic expansion.• After dropping off tanks of liquid oxygen to fuel the next ship, you re-enter the atmosphere.• Workers began fueling the spaceship for liftoff.• Unfortunately, the very psychiatric definition of identity that helped fuel this affirming development also helped fuel a rising prejudice against gays.
fuel speculation/rumours/controversy etc• His criticism will fuel controversy about the book on the island, where a film starring Nicolas Cage is being shot.• The move will fuel speculation about the line-up of next year's Williams team.• The logical impenetrability of the administration's calculations at Camp David inevitably fuels speculation about the motivation for convening it.• Two unresolved issues fuel speculation that he might not receive a fair trial.• His absence has fuelled rumours that the house of Lacroix is about to be closed by owner and financial backer Bernard Arnault.
From Longman Business Dictionary
fuelfu·el1 /ˈfjuːəl/ noun [countableC, uncountableU]TRANSPORTMANUFACTURING
a substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy
fuel prices
The Postal Service lost $450 million last year, primarily because of higher labor and fuel costs.
fuelfuel2 verb (fuelled, fuelling British EnglishBrE, fueled, fueling) American EnglishAmE [transitiveT]
to cause a situation to change quickly
Consumers will continue to fuel economic growth.
Origin fuel1
(1100-1200) Old French fouaille, from feu “fire”, from Latin focus; → FOCUS1
fu·el1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1fuel2 verb
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