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BNC: 194 COCA: 137
state

noun¹

1condition狀況ADJECTIVE | VERB + STATE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEacceptable, fit, good, healthy可接受的/適宜的/良好的/健康的狀況She managed to get the company's finances into a healthy state.她設法使公司的財務進入了良性狀態。appalling, awful, bad, desperate, dire, dreadful, pitiful, poor, sorry, terrible令人震驚的/糟糕的/極壞的/令人絕望的/可怕的/可悲的/令人同情的/可憐的/令人遺憾的/令人沮喪的狀況run-down (especially BrE) 破敗的狀況We were shocked at the run-down state of the hospital.醫院破敗的狀況讓我們感到震驚。emotional, mental, psychological情緒;精神狀況;心理狀態He's not in a fit enough mental state to drive.他現在的精神狀況不適合開車。physical實際狀況The inspectors assess the physical state of schools and equipment.檢查人員評估學校和設備的實際狀況。financial財政狀況current, present目前的狀況;現狀former, previous以前的/先前的狀況natural自然狀態You can either varnish the wood or leave it in its natural state.你可以給木頭塗上清漆,也可以讓它保持自然狀態。constant, continual, continuous, permanent, perpetual常態;持續的狀況;永久性狀態The country is in a perpetual state of anarchy.這個國家長期處於無政府狀態。advanced晚期狀態an advanced state of dehydration脫水的晚期症狀altered異常狀態a drug that produces altered states of consciousness可導致意識狀態異常的藥物nervous, trance-like神經緊張的/精神恍惚的狀態He goes into a trance-like state when he plays the guitar.彈吉他時他會進入一種如痴如醉的狀態。persistent vegetative (medical醫學) 持續植物狀態VERB + STATEget into, go into, reach進入/陷入/達到⋯狀態The soul continues to be reborn until it has reached a state of perfection.心靈進一步得到升華,直至達到完美境界。live in生活在⋯狀況下She continues to live in a state of denial.她繼續生活在不被他人認可的狀態下。get sb/sth into使⋯進入⋯狀態create創造⋯狀態She uses music to create a particular emotional state.她用音樂營造一種特定的情緒。describe描述狀態PREPOSITIONin a state在⋯狀態中Jane was in a terrible state after losing her job.失業以後,簡情況很糟。into a state進入⋯狀態She slipped into a state of unconsciousness.她陷入了昏迷。state of⋯的狀態His life seems to be in a constant state of chaos.他的生活好像總是一團糟。PHRASESbe in a good, bad, etc. state of repair (BrE) 處於良好、糟糕等的保養狀況The house was in a poor state of repair when we bought it.我們買下這棟房子時,它已年久失修。given the state of sth鑒於⋯的狀況Given the current state of knowledge, it will take years to find a solution.鑒於目前的認識水平,還需數年才能找到答案。a state of affairs形勢;事態The brothers' refusal to work together had brought about this sad state of affairs.他們兄弟拒絕合作,造成了這種糟糕的局面。a state of emergency緊急狀態The government has declared a state of emergency in the flooded regions.政府已經宣佈洪災地區進入緊急狀態。a state of flux不斷變化的狀態The education system is still in a state of flux following the recent reform.經過最近的改革,教育體制仍然處於不斷變化之中。sb's state of health某人的健康狀況He's concerned about his mother's state of health.他很擔心母親的健康狀況。a state of mind精神狀態Public speaking can produce a state of mind similar to panic.在公開場合講話可能會導致一種類似恐慌的精神狀態。a state of shock震驚The driver was just sitting there in a state of shock.司機坐在那兒,簡直驚呆了。a state of siege, a state of war封鎖/戰爭狀態
state

noun²

2country/government國家;政府ADJECTIVE | VERB + STATE | STATE + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVEcity, nation城邦;單一民族的獨立國家independent, sovereign獨立/主權國家foreign外國client附庸國failed, rogue失敗/無賴國家rogue states that shelter terrorists為恐怖分子提供庇護的無賴國家democratic, one-party, police, socialist, totalitarian民主/一黨制/警察/社會主義/極權主義國家member成員國member states of the European Union歐洲聯盟的成員國powerful, strong強國weak弱小的國家neighbouring/neighboring鄰國welfare福利國家nanny (especially BrE) (對民眾管制過多的)保母式國家This latest policy is an example of the nanny state gone mad.這項最新頒佈的政策表明這個保母式國家已經走向瘋狂。VERB + STATEcreate, establish創建/建立國家They created a modern nation state.他們創建了一個單一民族的現代國家。become成為國家In 1949 China became a communist state.1949 年中國成為了一個共產主義國家。STATE + NOUNenterprise, monopoly國有企業;國家壟斷control, ownership國家控制;國有制The telephone network is still under state control.電話網仍在國家控制之下。property國有財產Every citizen could buy shares in privatized state property.每一個公民都可以購買私有化後的國家財產的股份。sector, system國營部門/體制Teachers in the state sector are asking for a 7% pay rise.公辦學校的教師要求加薪 7%。schools outside the state system公辦教育體制以外的學校education (= paid for by the government) (BrE) 公辦教育school (= paid for by the government) (in the UK) 公立學校Did you go to a state school or a private school?你上的是公立學校還是私立學校?school, university (= managed by a state) (in the US) 州立學校/大學aid, funding, funds, subsidy, support國家援助;政府出資;國家基金;政府補貼;政府扶持benefit, pension (both especially BrE) 政府救濟金;國家養老金unemployed people living on state benefits靠政府救濟金生活的失業者The state pension is barely enough to live on.靠國家養老金幾乎難以維持生計。intervention (especially BrE) 政府干預large-scale state intervention in industry政府對工業的大規模干預power國家權力the legitimate exercise of state power國家權力的合法使用spending政府開支Some prefer tax cuts to greater state spending on health and social services.有些人更希望減稅,而不是希望政府增加醫療和社會服務方面的開支。employee政府雇員secret國家機密He was shot for passing state secrets to foreign powers.他因向外國勢力透露國家機密而被槍斃。PHRASESaffairs of state, matters of state國家事務The president's wife is said to have a powerful hand in affairs of state.據說總統夫人對國家事務染指頗深。church and state教會與政府the separation of church and state政教分離an enemy of the state國家公敵her status as an enemy of the state她國家公敵的身分head of state國家元首Visiting heads of state usually stay at the palace.來訪的國家元首通常下榻在宮中。the power of the state國家權力the role of the state政府的角色
state

noun³

3part of a country國家的一部份ADJECTIVE | ... OF STATES | VERB + STATE | STATE + VERB | STATE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEbattleground, swing選舉競爭激烈的州;搖擺州(指美國大選中選民舉棋不定的州)Both candidates have been campaigning in key battleground states.兩位候選人都一直在競爭激烈的關鍵州進行競選宣傳。blue, red (both NAmE) 藍色州;紅色州New Jersey is a blue state (= votes for the Democrats).新澤西州是投票給民主黨的藍色州。red states for Republicans支持共和黨的紅色州border, slave (both NAmE) 邊沿州;蓄奴州opposition to the Civil War in Kansas and the other border states堪薩斯及其他邊沿州的反內戰勢力... OF STATEShandful一小部份州A handful of states have introduced similar legislation.一小部份州出台了類似的法規。VERB + STATErepresent代表州She was selected to represent the state of Texas at the conference.她被選為這次會議上得克薩斯州的代表。win贏得⋯州的選票George W. Bush won the state of Florida.喬治 •W. 布什贏得了佛羅里達州的選票。STATE + VERBallow sth, require sth州政府允許⋯/要求⋯Most states require all drivers to carry a minimum level of insurance.大多數州要求駕駛員必須有最低標準的保險。pass sth州議會通過⋯Thirty states have passed similar legislation.30 個州已經通過了類似的法案。STATE + NOUNcapital, line (NAmE) 州首府;州界It can be a felony to transport wine across state lines.運送葡萄酒跨越州界可能被判重罪。court, prison州法庭;州監獄I was a correctional officer out of Utah state prison.我曾是猶他州監獄外的矯正官。law州法律constitution州憲法budget, tax州預算;州稅agency, court, government, legislature州政府機構;州法庭;州政府;州立法機關Charities are required to register with a state agency.慈善機構必須在州政府部門註冊。attorney general, lawmaker, legislator, official, senator州總檢察長;州立法官員;州官員;州參議員police, trooper (NAmE) 州警察局;州警察PREPOSITIONacross the state, throughout the state整個州He roamed throughout the state.他的足跡遍及州裏的各個角落。PHRASESat the state level, on the state level在州一級The legislation must work at both the federal and state levels.這項立法必須在聯邦和州兩個層面上都適用。a corner of the state州的一角a farm tucked into the far north-west corner of the state深藏於該州西北角的一個農場
state

verb

ADVERB | VERB + STATE | PHRASES ADVERBclearly, plainly清楚地/明白地說明Please state clearly how many tickets you require.請說清楚你要幾張票。exactly, explicitly, expressly, precisely, specifically確切/明確/清楚/準確/具體說明These facts were nowhere explicitly stated.這些事實根本沒有得到確切說明。categorically, unequivocally, with certainty明確地/毫不含糊地/確定無疑地說明She stated categorically that she had no intention of leaving.她明確表示她無意離開。boldly, proudly大膽地/驕傲地聲明emphatically, firmly斷然地/堅定地聲明bluntly, flatly, matter-of-factly坦率地/直言不諱地/實事求是地聲明'Alcohol doesn't solve problems,' she stated flatly.“喝酒解決不了問題。”她直言不諱地說道。confidently, with confidence充滿自信地聲明accurately準確地闡述correctly, rightly正確地/恰當地陳述falsely, incorrectly, wrongly (especially BrE) 錯誤地宣稱openly, publicly公開聲明He stated his own views quite openly.他開誠佈公地表述了自己的觀點。formally, officially鄭重/正式宣佈briefly, succinctly簡短/簡練陳述quietly平靜地說just, merely, simply只是說明;僅僅是闡明I am merely stating the facts.我只不過是在陳述事實。repeatedly反複說明VERB + STATEgo on to接下來陳述The report goes on to state that...報告接下來指出,⋯fail to未能說明The committee failed to state their reasons for this decision.委員會未能說明他們此項決定的依據。let sb讓某人說明PHRASESas previously stated, as stated earlier, as stated previously如前所述As previously stated, the phrase has an ambiguous meaning.如前所述,這個短語存在歧義。stated above, stated below上述;下述We cannot accept this proposal for the reasons stated above.由於上述原因,我們不能接受這項提議。state at the outset一開始便聲明Let me state at the outset that this report contains little that is new.讓我先說明一點,這份報告裏新信息很少。state for the record鄭重聲明Let me state for the record that my knowledge of wine is almost non-existent.我鄭重聲明,我對葡萄酒幾乎一無所知。state the obvious陳述明顯的事實At the risk of stating the obvious, people who have not paid cannot be admitted.儘管可能是多餘的話,但仍然要說明,未付款者不得進入。unless otherwise stated, unless stated otherwise除非另有說明All the photographs in this book, unless otherwise stated, date from the 1950s.本書所有照片,除非另有說明,均攝於 20 世紀 50 年代。

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