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BNC: 570 COCA: 515

especially

Word family 
es·pe·cial·ly /ɪˈspeʃəli/ ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv  
1  [sentence adverbadv]ESPECIALLY used to emphasize that something is more important or happens more with one particular thing than with others 尤其 SYN particularly
 I never liked long walks, especially in winter.
我向来不喜欢长距离散步，尤其在冬天。
 Art books are expensive to produce, especially if they contain colour illustrations.
美术类书籍制作成本很高，尤其是那些带彩色插图的。
2  [+adj/adverbadv]ESPECIALLY to a particularly high degree or much more than usual 特别，格外 SYN particularly
 I was especially fond of chocolate biscuits.
我特别爱吃巧克力饼干。
 Feedback is especially important in learning skills.
反馈意见在学习技能的过程中特别重要。
 A depreciation of the dollar would make US exports cheaper and especially so in Japan.
美元贬值会致使美国出口商品价格降低，这一影响在日本特别明显。
 Graphics are especially well handled in the book.
书中对图表的处理尤为恰到好处。
3  ESPECIALLYfor a particular person, purpose etc 专门；特地
especially for
 She bought a new pair of trainers especially for the trip.
她特地为那次旅行买了一双新的运动鞋。
4  not especially not very, or not very much 不很；不怎么
 Accidents aren’t especially common, but you never know.
事故不是特别频繁，不过也说不准。
 He didn’t especially want to learn to dance.
他不怎么想学跳舞。
Examples from the Corpus
not especially• But regarding 2 this teacher was not especially charismatic - in fact more self-effacing than naturally the centre of attention.• He is not especially comfortable on the reward dimension, at least at the higher levels.• Among the existing pseudo-entities, ghosts and unicorns are not especially dangerous.• He is not especially fond of killing animals but, as a countryman, he sees culling deer as a necessity.• The housewives in question found that they were not especially fulfilled.• Not especially gracious, but squat and workmanlike, plodding with tenacity from port to port.• The Leonids and Andromedids are not especially noted for their displays of very brilliant fireballs, but some other streams are.• Once again, they were not especially oriented to meeting strategic corporate needs.
5 GRAMMAR 语法
Do not use especially before the subject of a sentence to emphasize it. Put especially after the subject. 不要将 especially置于句子主语之前以示强调，而应置于主语之后
Older voters especially (NOT 不说 Especially older voters) are concerned about crime.
尤其是年纪大一些的选民很关注犯罪问题。
n GRAMMAR: Word order
Especially is not used at the start of a sentence before the subject.
You say:
I like Thai food especially.
I especially like Thai food.
✗Don’t say: Especially I like Thai food.
You say:
Young people especially are being affected by the economic crisis.
✗Don’t say: Especially young people are being affected.
n THESAURUS
especially/particularly used when you want to emphasize that something concerns or affects one person or thing more than others, or is true about a particular situation more than others
This disease mostly affects women, particularly older women.
Paris is always full of tourists, especially in the summer.
It’s not easy to receive compliments, especially if you’re not used to them.
The surface is very slippery, particularly when it has been raining.
specially spoken especially
I like parks, specially when they’ve got lakes.
You have to be careful what you say, specially if there are children listening.
in particular especially – used before or after a noun. Often used in the phrases anyone/anything/anywhere in particular and someone/something/somewhere in particular
Mary loves most classical music, in particular Bach and Vivaldi.
Kids in particular will love this show.
Is there anything in particular you would like to eat?
Was there someone in particular you were hoping to meet?
notably formal used for saying someone or something is an important example of what you are talking about
The use of illegal drugs – notably marijuana – has increased in recent years.
A number of respected philosophers, most notably Leibniz, criticized Newton’s theories.
above all used for emphasizing that something is more important than all the other things you have mentioned
Get plenty of sleep, eat lots of good food, and above all try to relax.
most of all more than anything or anyone else
Swimming and soccer are fun, but I like dancing most of all.
Out of everybody at school she was the person who helped me most of all.
Examples from the Corpus
especially• It is also known that, in some central nervous system neurones, second messengers especially cyclic AMPcontrol membrane electrical activity.• Alliances, after all, have to be directed against some one, especially defensive ones.• This is a style of wheat beer that I especially enjoy, with its teasing counterpoint of tartness and chocolate-malt sweetness.• Look especially for the frieze of statues on the upper tier.• I'm especially interested in hearing about your trip to China.• The graveyard especially is a good place to examine the strange and beautiful gravestones characteristic of old Basque burial grounds.• He was 24, a young age for a priest, especially one who had failed to finish training in two seminaries.• Families, especially those with young children, benefit from the program.• Everyone's excited about the trip, especially Wendy.• Drive carefully, especially with all this fog.• Politicians, unlike actors and especially writers, know that their opinions have to be sold, that they must please.
especially so• This is especially so. if a general shortage of demand keeps him from finding a job elsewhere.• And especially so if your memory is poor when your right side is similarly inactivated.• This was especially so in 1942 and 1943, when the Great Bengal Famine stalked the land.• Women were important to the economy in general and especially so in manufacturing.• This is especially so in the case of visiting competitors.• The Cam always looks so peaceful, especially so on a winter's day with no punts or rowing boats in sight.• This is especially so when a diagnosis of dementia blinds works to remaining skills.• The balance between these two factors has no doubt always been difficult, but is perhaps especially so within the modern family.
especially for• I bought the flowers especially for her, and she didn't even thank me.
es·pe·cial·ly adverbadv →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→n THESAURUS1
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Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

See also: especial

BNC: 570 COCA: 515
BNC: 570 COCA: 515
BNC: 570 COCA: 515
especially
Especially and in particular: especially, specially, uniquely...
Ways of emphasizing completeness or extremeness: complete, completely, entire...

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