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BNC: 540 COCA: 664

certainly

Word family 
ldoce_711_zcer·tain·ly /ˈsɜːtnli $ ˈsɜːr-/ ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv [sentence adverbadv]
1  CERTAINLY/DEFINITELYwithout any doubt 無疑，確定 SYN definitely
I certainly never expected to become a writer.
我當然從未期望自己成爲一名作家。
They’re certainly not mine.
這些東西肯定不是我的。
it is certainly true/possible etc
It is certainly true that there are more courses on offer.
當然還有更多的課程可供選擇。
The girl was almost certainly murdered.
幾乎可以肯定，這個女孩是被人謀殺的。
‘Not smoking has made a real difference.’ ‘It most certainly has.’
“不抽煙確實大不相同。”“這當然了。”
2  AGREE spoken used to agree or give your permission 當然〔用於表示同意或允許〕
‘I’d like a beer, please.’ ‘Certainly, sir.’
“請給我來杯啤酒。”“好的，先生。”
‘Can I come along?’ ‘Certainly.’
“我可以一起去嗎？”“當然可以。”
3  certainly not spokenNO used to disagree completely or to refuse to give permission 當然不〔用於表示不同意或允許〕
‘May I go?’ ‘Certainly not!’
“我可以走了嗎？”“當然不行！”
 Register
In everyday English, people usually say of course or sure rather than certainly when agreeing or giving permission: 在日常英語中，表示同意或許可的時候，人們一般都說of course或sure，而不是certainly
‘Can I sit down?’ ‘Of course.’
“我可以坐下嗎？”“當然可以。”
Examples from the Corpus
certainly not• It is certainly not a substitute for good old-fashioned interviewing or communications skills.• Managers may think that a team is doing the work, but it is certainly not a team in any cohesive sense.• Growing deafer, moreover, as they had certainly not been deaf as babies.• And they are certainly not blind to their difficulties or weaknesses.• These recordings are interesting, but certainly not inventive.• But he would be twenty next birthday, a young man certainly, but not mature - certainly not mature.• The pattern is certainly not one of total closure or exclusion.• Nugent is wild on stage but certainly not the stereotypical rock musician.
n THESAURUS
certainly used when saying that you are sure about something
Amy’s certainly growing, but she’s not gaining weight.
It’s certainly not the cheapest way of getting to New York.
‘Is this his signature?’ ‘Almost certainly.’
undoubtedly used when saying that you are completely sure about something. Undoubtedly sounds more certain and a little more formal than certainly
They are undoubtedly the better team.
Undoubtedly it will be a huge shock for him.
The furniture, although undoubtedly fashionable, was a little too plain for my taste.
there is no doubt used when you are completely sure about something
There is no doubt that violence on TV influences children.
He’s definitely innocent. There’s no doubt about that.
without (a) doubt used when you are completely sure about something
She was without doubt one of Mexico’s finest artists.
There would be, without a doubt, some perfectly ordinary explanation for his behaviour.
5 FREQUENCY 使用頻率
Examples from the Corpus
certainly• Certainly, a backpacking trip in the high Sierras is not for everyone.• We're certainly a lot better off than we were five years ago.• And that was certainly a start.• Books and people certainly affected him.• We are not especially well-treated, certainly not as well as the locals.• Not the papers or the magazines and certainly not Kylie.• Should the man choose to chase the quail rather than shoot it, he would almost certainly still have his dinner.• This thought now struck him as too simple and certainly unpleasant in its snobbery, and he tore it up.• And that she most certainly was not, she told herself adamantly.• And it certainly Was, though not in the way the interviewees assumed.
it is certainly true/possible etc• I am glad that Kay accepts the appeal of the ideal of environmental triggering: it is certainly true.• With Michael Barry, it is certainly possible.• More neutrally it is certainly true that the range of courses we offer continues to increase.• And it is certainly true that these earnings differentials have had a tendency to diminish in the past.• Yet, it is certainly possible to argue Arden is as dramatically interesting.
BNC: 540 COCA: 664
BNC: 540 COCA: 664
BNC: 540 COCA: 664
certainly
Ways of emphasizing that something is true or exact: actually, certainly, clearly...
Ways of giving permission: yes, of course, certainly...

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