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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4403 COCA: 5946

defect

Word family 
de·fect1 /dɪˈfekt, ˈdiːfekt/ ●●○ noun [countableC]
FAULT/something WRONGa fault or a lack of something that means that something or someone is not perfect 缺點，缺陷，毛病
All the cars are tested for defects before they leave the factory.
所有汽車在出廠前都經過品質檢驗。
a genetic defect
遺傳缺陷
► see thesaurus at fault
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + defect
a serious defect
The movie has a few serious defects.
a major defect (=very serious)
They have found a major defect in the program.
a slight/minor defect
There are one or two minor defects on the car’s paintwork.
a physical defect
Doctors examined the baby and could find no physical defects.
a structural defect
Older buildings are bound to have some structural defects.
a genetic/inherited defect (=one that is passed to you in your genes)
The condition is caused by a genetic defect.
a birth defect (=one that you are born with)
About 11% of children have birth defects.
a heart defect
Laura was born with a rare heart defect.
a speech defect (=an incorrect way of saying certain sounds)
He had a speech defect which made it quite difficult to understand him.
a character defect (=a fault in your character)
Laziness was just one of his character defects.
verbs
have a defect
The old system had some serious defects.
correct a defect
She had surgery to correct a defect in her right eye.
Examples from the Corpus
defect• Investigators found a defect in the design of the ship.• Little analysis was apparent in many of the early Programmes - a defect that was never entirely overcome.• A defect in the braking system caused several accidents before the car was recalled.• Children were considered ineligible to be controls if they were a twin, were adopted, or had a serious congenital defect.• By emphasizing every defect in her body, she offers a challenge to polite culture.• Because methodology is fully exposed, genuine defects may be revealed, or more frustratingly, discussion sidetracked away from implications.• His personal defects are a somewhat hostile reserve, conceit, and a narrow outlook...• People are born with these defects but often show no outward signs of problems.• These defects are readily apparent in this case.• Are you puzzled by the fact that Congress does little to remedy those defects in the bureaucracy against which it constantly rails?
Related topics: Citizenship
defect2 /dɪˈfekt/ verb [intransitiveI]
PGCto leave your own country or group in order to go to or join an opposing one 背叛，叛逃，投敵，變節
defect to/from
a Russian actor who defected to the West
一名叛逃到西方國家的俄羅斯演員
—defector noun [countableC]
—defection /dɪˈfekʃən/ noun [countableC, uncountableU]
Examples from the Corpus
defect• Temptation to defect, 5 points.• At least one count in this region, Odulf, had already defected.• They were paying him for defecting, for answering questions about his military service.• Home Secretary Jack Straw's record would be reason enough to defect from Labour.• Two Conservatives have recently defected from the party, whose majority has dwindled to five in Parliament.• Almost every Republican woman I know also defected in both elections.• Who had persuaded the other to defect, to betray his fundamental principles in the name of personal loyalty?• If I am to live, I must defect with my aircraft.
defect to/from• Not until the years of fast industrialization and construction were these defects to be remedied.• Companies learn about defects from consumer complaints, liability lawsuits and their own testing.• Our employees defected to Drexel at an alarming rate.• He defects to the Soviet Union.• The Confederates considered the large numbers of blacks who defected to the Union to fight against their former masters as criminals.
From Longman Business Dictionary
defectde·fect1 /dɪˈfekt, ˈdiːfekt/ noun [countableC]
MANUFACTURINGa fault in something that means it is not perfect
They recalled the vehicles because of brake defects.
an effort to improve customer satisfaction and reduce product defects
a possible safety defect with the plane’s autopilot
→ latent defect → zero defects
defectde·fect2 /dɪˈfekt/ verb [intransitiveI] journalism
1if the buyer of one product defects to another product, they stop buying the first one and start buying the second one
They tried to retain customers who might defect to a credit card with a lower interest rate.
2if an employee working for a particular company defects, they leave it and start working for another
Although several senior employees have defected, it’s not true that there’s any kind of mass walkout.
—defector noun [countableC]
When a group of his partners announced they were leaving, the firm prevented the defectors from entering their offices.
—defection noun [countableC, uncountableU]
The big investment bank has been hit by client defections.
Origin defect1
(1400-1500) Old French Latin defectus “lack”, from defectus, past participle of deficere “to go away from, fail, lack”
 defect2
(1500-1600) Latin defectus, past participle; → DEFECT1
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4403 COCA: 5946
defect

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + DEFECT | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤fundamental, major, obvious, serious, severe根本的缺陷；重大的缺陷；明顯的缺陷；嚴重的缺陷◇a fundamental defect in the product這種產品的根本缺陷➤mild, minor, slight, small小毛病；輕微的瑕疵；小缺陷◇Goods with slight defects are sold at half price.有輕微瑕疵的貨品以半價出售。◇The child had a mild heart defect.這個小孩有輕微的心臟缺陷。➤construction, manufacturing, mechanical, structural建築／製造／機械／結構缺陷▸➤birth, congenital, genetic出生／先天／遺傳缺陷◇All lambs are checked for birth defects when they are born.所有羔羊出生時都要檢查是否有先天缺陷。➤developmental, physical, visual發育／身體／視覺缺陷➤sight, speech視力／言語缺陷➤eye, heart眼部／心臟缺陷▸➤character性格缺陷VERB + DEFECT➤contain, have, suffer from有缺陷；受缺陷所害◇The book contains serious defects.這本書有嚴重的缺陷。◇He has a congenital heart defect.他有先天性心臟缺陷。➤show顯示缺陷◇The photograph shows slight defects due to age.這張照片因為年代久遠而略有瑕疵。➤find, identify, observe發現／識別／觀察到缺陷◇The inspector found defects in the aircraft's construction.檢查員發現這架飛機在構造上有缺陷。➤cause, induce, produce引起／誘發／產生缺陷◇There is evidence that air pollution can cause birth defects.有證據證明空氣污染能導致出生缺陷。➤prevent防止缺陷▸➤correct, cure, remedy, repair糾正／矯正／彌補／修復缺陷◇This is a physical defect that cannot be cured.這種身體缺陷是無法治瘉的。◇The builders agreed to remedy the structural defects.建築商答應糾正結構上的缺陷。PREPOSITION➤defect in⋯方面的缺陷◇major defects in the education system教育體制的重大缺陷➤defect of⋯的缺陷◇a defect of her character她性格上的缺陷
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4403 COCA: 5946
defect

noun

defect ♦︎ fault ♦︎ flaw ♦︎ virus ♦︎ bug ♦︎ glitch ♦︎ imperfectionThese are all words for sth that is wrong with sth or in the way it has been made, which means it is not perfect or does not work properly. 這些詞均表示缺陷、瑕疵、毛病。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a defect / a fault / a flaw / a virus / a bug / a glitch / an imperfection in sth◆a small / minor defect / fault / flaw / bug / glitch / imperfection◆a major / serious defect / fault / flaw◆a temporary fault / flaw / glitch◆a technical / mechanical defect / fault / flaw / glitch◆a structural / design defect / fault / flaw◆a computer / software fault / virus / bug / glitch◆to have a defect / a fault / a flaw / a virus / a bug / a glitch / an imperfection◆to detect a defect / fault / flaw / virus◆to look for / discover a defect / fault / flaw / bug◆to identify / correct a defect / fault / flaw■ defect ˈdiːfekt, dɪˈfekt [countable] something that is wrong with a machine, system or part of the body, which means that it is not perfect or unable to work properly （機器、系統或身體部位的）缺陷，瑕疵，毛病◆The manufacturer is responsible for any defects that may cause damage.生産商對産品可能造成損壞的任何瑕疵都負有責任。◆Vulnerable people are going short of money because of defects in the payment system.因爲支付系統的缺陷，依賴支付系統的人漸感手頭吃緊。◆The drug is widely known to cause birth defects.衆所周知，這種藥會導致胎兒先天缺陷。  see also defective ⇨ wrong 2 ■ fault [countable] something that is wrong with sth that has been made or created such as a machine or system, which means that it is not perfect or unable to work properly （機器或系統等的）缺陷，毛病，故障◆The book's virtues far outweigh its faults.這本書的優點遠遠大於其不足。◆There seemed to be some fault with the cooling system.制冷系統好像出了點毛病。◆The healthcare system, for all its faults, is far better than ever before.這個醫療體系雖然有不少缺點，但比過去好多了。◆The fire was caused by an electrical fault.這次火災是電路故障引起的。◆If a fault develops in the equipment, you can call us 24 hours a day.如果設備出了故障，你24小時都可以打電話找我們。  see also faulty ⇨ wrong 2 NOTE 辨析 Defect or fault?In many cases you can use either word. 在許多情況下這兩個詞可以通用◆a technical / mechanical / structural / design defect / fault技術／機械／結構／設計缺陷A fault can only exist in sth that has been made or created by people, but it can be permanent or temporary, can be present from the beginning or develop later. A defect can exist in part of the body, although it is always present from birth. * fault僅存在於人制作或創造的事物中，可以是永久或暫時的，可以從一開始就存在或後來才出現。defect可指先天的身體缺陷◆birth / congenital / genetic defects先天／遺傳性缺陷◆birth/congenital/genetic faults A defect of any kind exists from the beginning and cannot develop later. It might be repaired, but will not just go away, and cannot be called 'temporary'. 任何類型的defect都是從一開始就存在，不可能後來才出現。它有可能被彌補或修正，但不會自行消失，不能稱之爲“暫時的”◆If a defect develops in the equipment... ◆We're hoping this is just a temporary defect. ■ flaw [countable] a fault in sth that means that it is not correct or does not work properly 錯誤；缺陷；毛病◆There are some very basic flaws in his argument.他的論點中有一些根本性的錯誤。◆Engineers have detected serious design flaws.工程師已經檢測出一些嚴重的設計缺陷。▸ flawed

adjective

◆a flawed argument有謬誤的論點■ virus ˈvaɪrəs [countable] instructions that are deliberately hidden in a computer program and are designed to cause problems or destroy data in a computer system （計算機程序中的）病毒◆Most viruses can only spread if you open an email attachment.大多數病毒只有在打開電子郵件附件時才會感染。◆My computer has caught some kind of virus, and it won't let me log on to the Internet.我的計算機中了毒，不能上網了。◆anti-virus software (= software that finds and destroys viruses in a computer system) 殺毒軟件■ bug [countable] (rather informal) a fault in a machine, especially in a computer program or system （機器）故障；（尤指計算機程序或系統的）缺陷，漏洞◆The latest software is full of bugs.這種最新軟件有大量程序錯誤。◆My computer's really slow at the moment－it must be some kind of bug.我的計算機現在速度特别慢，一定是出了什麽故障。■ glitch [countable] (informal) a small problem or fault that stops sth from working properly, especially for just a short time （尤指暫時性的）小故障，小毛病◆It was only a temporary glitch but it could have put people's lives in danger.這雖然是個暫時性的小毛病，但卻可能威脅到人的生命。■ imperfection ˌɪmpəˈfekʃn; NAmE ˌɪmpərˈfekʃn [countable, uncountable] a small fault in sth, especially in the appearance of sth, that spoils it slightly and makes it less beautiful or perfect （尤指外表上的）小缺點，瑕疵◆The only slight imperfection in the painting is a scratch in the corner.這幅油畫唯一的小瑕疵是邊角上有道劃痕。◆Nature is full of imperfection.大自然充滿了不完美之處。  see also blemish ⇨ mark ▸ imperfect

adjective

◆All our sale items are slightly imperfect.我們所有的特價商品都略有瑕疵。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4403 COCA: 5946
defect
Faults: fault, defect, weakness...
To rebel or protest: agitate, black, blacklist...
Activism, rebellion, protest and terrorism: 7/7, 9/11, agitation...
Protesters, rebels and terrorists: activist, agitator, anarchist...

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