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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 324 COCA: 617

period

Word family 
Related topics: Human, Letters & punctuation, School, Sport, Biology
pe·ri·od1 /ˈpɪəriəd $ ˈpɪr-/ ●●● S1 W1 AWL noun [countableC]  
1  length of time 时间长度PERIOD OF TIME a particular length of time with a beginning and an end 一段时间；时期
 Tomorrow’s weather will be dry with sunny periods.
明天天气干燥，间或晴朗。
period of
 His playing improved in a very short period of time.
他的演奏技巧在很短时间内就有了提高。
 a brief period of silence
短暂的沉默
 The drug was tested over a five-week period.
那种药品进行了为期五周的试验。
 They adopted the system for a trial period (=time in which something is tested to see if it works well).
那套系统他们试用了一段时间。
2  life/history 生活/历史 a particular time in someone’s life or in history 〔某人生活或历史上的〕时期；阶段；时代 → era
 the conflict of the Cold War period
冷战期间的冲突
 Van Gogh’s early period
凡·高的早期生涯
 the Jurassic period
侏罗纪
 the behaviour of children during the period of adolescence
青春期孩子的行为
3  blood 血HBH the flow of blood that comes from a woman’s body each month 月经，经期 → menstrual period
 I was 12 years old when I started my periods.
我12岁月经初潮。
4. mark 符号 American EnglishAmESLA the mark (.) used in writing to show the end of a sentence or of an abbreviation 句号 SYN British English full stop
5  school 学校SES one of the equal parts that the school day is divided into 课时，学时，一节（课） SYN British English lesson
 What class do you have first period?
你第一节上什么课？
period of
 a double period of Science
一连两节的自然科学课
6  sports 体育 one of the equal parts that a game is divided into in a sport such as ice hockey 〔冰球等比赛的〕一局
 The Bruins scored twice in the first period.
棕熊队在第一局两次得分。
n7. → period!
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + period
a long/lengthy period
They had to spend long periods apart.
a short/brief period
He lived for a short period in Manchester.
a limited period (=a fairly short length of time)
From May, the site will be open to the public for a limited period.
a fixed/set period (=that will not be changed)
A tourist visa allows you to stay for a fixed period.
an indefinite period (=with no fixed end)
The painting had been loaned to the gallery for an indefinite period.
a six month/five year etc period
They studied the behaviour of the ocean during a five year period.
a trial period (=a time in which you try something to see if it is good)
We could introduce the system for a trial period.
phrases
a period of time
Over a period of time, this pressure can damage the fibres of the carpet.
 THESAURUS
a period in history 一段历史时期
period a particular time in history, especially one studied as a subject 阶段；时期
the late Victorian period
维多利亚晚期
the interwar period
两次世界大战之间的时期
During that period many people moved from the countryside to the towns.
那一时期许多人从乡间搬进了城镇。
time a period of years, months, days etc 一段时间
The 1960s were a time of great social change.
20 世纪60年代是社会巨变的时期。
the biggest earthquake in modern times
现代史上最强烈的一次地震
Verdun was an important city in Roman times.
凡尔登在罗马时期是一座重要城市。
age a long period, especially one that represents a particular stage in the development of civilization or technology 〔尤指文明或技术发展的某个〕时代，世代
the industrial age
工业时代
We are now in the age of the Internet.
我们正处于因特网时代。
the Stone Age (=when people used tools made of stone)
石器时代
era a long period that has a particular character or that is marked by particular events 〔以某些特殊事件为标志的〕时代,时期
We live in an era of breathtaking change.
我们生活在一个日新月异的时代。
the post-war era
战后时期
De Gaulle’s death marked the end of an era.
戴高乐的逝世标志着一个时代的结束。
epoch /ˈiːpɒk $ ˈepək/ formal means the same as era, but sounds more formal and important 时代,时期〔意同era，但更正式并更具重要性〕
We are now entering a new epoch in human history.
我们正踏入人类历史的新纪元。
the colonial epoch
殖民时期
It was the end of an epoch.
那是一个时代的终结。
Examples from the Corpus
period• These accounts are drawn up for a period of 52 weeks.• The restoration of the ceiling was completed over a period of two years.• He did not receive offers from any other club during the free-agency period.• Anne had difficulty holding down a job for any period of time.• After a brief period of independence, Belorussia came under Soviet rule.• He later served as their music instructor for a brief period during the brothers' high school years.• the Byzantine period, between the fourth and seventh centuries A.D.• The researchers observed mothers and their new infants for a three-day period.• On Monday mornings there was French, English, and then a double period of maths.• "Siesta" is the best example of work from Storni's early period.• At our school we have four periods in the morning and three in the afternoon.• If we are indeed in such a digestive, living-with-it, period it would explain something which is otherwise puzzling.• The work had to be completed within a limited period of time.• Aerobic exercise is characterized by the body using large muscle groups in rhythmical continuous activity for relatively long periods of time.• The company expects a growth in profitability over a longer period.• The loan has to be repaid over a 15-month period.• This chapter will focus primarily on the Neolithic period in Europe.• Each team started slowly offensively before catching fire in the final seven minutes of the opening period.• Many of Britain's roads were built originally in the Roman period.• Mike's taking Spanish second period.• Then, within a short period, his mother, father, and brother all died.• During this period, Tanya was making very little money.• Within this period, the most significant day is Christmas Eve.• A five-day waiting period is required to purchase a handgun.• black immigration into Britain during the post-war period• The money can be paid back over a five-year period.
period of• Cleve went through several periods of depression.
started ... periods• Some do not realise that they are pregnant at all, like Lorraine, who had never even started her periods.• Could I have started my periods without knowing?• Can my daughter, who started her periods, use tampons?
period!
American EnglishAmE spokenEMPHASIZE used to emphasize that you have made a decision and that you do not want to discuss the subject any more 就这样定了！〔用于表示已作出决定，不想再讨论某话题〕 SYN full stop!
 I’m not going, period!
我不去，就这样了！
FOR EMPHASIS 用于强调
Examples from the Corpus
period!• I'm not giving them any more money, period!
period2 adjectiveadj  
period costume/furniture etc SHDclothes, furniture etc in the style of a particular time in history 具有特定历史时期风格的服装/家具等
 actors dressed in period costume
穿着年代服装的演员
Examples from the Corpus
period costume/furniture etc• The marbled staircase leads to 126 rooms and suites filled with period furniture.• The ranch house, corral and outbuildings have been restored and contain exhibits, photographs and period furniture.• Decor includes period furniture and contemporary art.• They filled it with period furniture and even had an antique staircase installed.• The exhibits are surrounded by period costumes and photographs, and the show is to last until January.• Plus a Battlefield model and period costume dolls.• Inside, antiques, family paintings and period furniture enhance the elegance and character inherent in this finely proportioned manor house.• All performers in period costume with period music.
Examples from the Corpus
period• Decor includes period furniture and contemporary art.• There was period furniture which looked as if it had always been in place and big log fires.• They haven't attempted to create period rooms, and they don't have the big architectural framework of our museum.
From Longman Business Dictionary
periodpe·ri·od /ˈpɪəriədˈpɪr-/ noun [countableC]
a particular length of time
She has been taken on for a 6-month trial period.
→ accounting period → control period → cooling-off period → deferment period → earn-out period → payback period → pay period → qualifying period → recovery period → reporting period
Origin period1
(1300-1400) French période, from Latin, from Greek, from peri- (PERICARDIUM) + hodos “way”
pe·ri·od1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1period!period2 adjectiveadj
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 324 COCA: 617
period

noun¹

 1length of time一段時間ADJECTIVE | VERB + PERIOD | PERIOD + VERB | PERIOD + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤extended, lengthy, long, prolonged, sustained延長期；長期➤brief, limited, short短短的一段時間；有限的一段時間；短期◇The offer is only available for a limited period.這項優惠是有期限的。➤six-month, two-year, etc. * 6 個月、兩年等的時間➤entire, full整個一段時間◇You have been paid for the full period of your employment with us.你整個受雇期的酬金我們已經全部付清。➤fixed, set, specified定期；規定的時段◇The medication is prescribed for a fixed period of time.開的藥只適合在固定的一段時間內服用。➤indefinite無限期➤early, late早期；晚期◇the late Victorian period維多利亞時代後期➤initial初期➤busy繁忙期➤happy幸福時期◇a happy period in her life她生命中的一段幸福時光➤dark, difficult, lean (especially BrE) 黑暗／困難／不景氣時期◇a dark period in the country's history該國歷史上的一段黑暗時期➤critical, crucial關鍵時期◇a critical period in the development of the project項目進展的關鍵時期➤interim, intervening介於兩者之間的時期➤transition, transitional過渡時期➤off-peak, peak非高峰期；高峰期➤Christmas, festive, holiday聖誕節／節日／節假日期間▸➤Cold War, medieval, Tudor, etc.冷戰、中世紀、都鐸王朝等時期▸➤inter-war, post-war兩次戰爭之間的時期；戰後時期➤accounting會計期➤cooling-off, grace冷靜期；寬限期◇The customer has the right to cancel the contract during the seven-day cooling-off period.客戶在為期七天的冷靜期內有權取消合同。➤consultation (especially BrE) 咨詢期➤formative性格形成時期◇The most formative period of life is childhood.一生中對性格形成影響最大的時期是童年。➤gestation, incubation妊娠期；孵化期➤rest（工廠、學校等機構的）短暫休息時間；（植物的）休眠期➤honeymoon蜜月期◇The view is that the government's honeymoon period is over.看來政府的蜜月期已經結束。➤training培訓期➤waiting等候期間➤trial試用期◇You can use the software free for a 30-day trial period.你可以免費試用軟件 30 天。➤time時代；時期VERB + PERIOD➤cover, span涉及／貫穿⋯時期◇the period covered by the book該書涉及的時期◇The film spans a period of 40 years of Castro's rule.影片的時間跨度貫穿了卡斯特羅 40 年的執政歲月。➤begin, enter開始／進入⋯時期◇Eastern Europe entered a period of transition in the 1990s.東歐在 20 世紀 90 年代進入一個過渡時期。➤end結束⋯時期➤endure, experience, undergo經歷⋯時期➤extend, prolong延長⋯時期➤shorten縮短期限➤dominate, mark支配／標誌⋯時期◇The period was marked by a succession of financial crises.這一時期的特點是金融危機此起彼伏。PERIOD + VERB➤begin, commence⋯時期開始20 :pooler-->➤elapse, end⋯時期推移／結束➤last⋯時期持續PERIOD + NOUN➤costume, furniture⋯時代的服裝／傢具PREPOSITION➤after a period一段時期以後◇after a long period of waiting在漫長的等待之後➤during the period, throughout the period在整個⋯期間◇during the intervening period在中間的一段時期➤for a period一段時間◇We lived in Caracas for a brief period.我們在加拉加斯小住過一段時間。➤in a/the period, within a/the period在一段時間內◇Sales have gone up in the last-five-year period.在過去的 5 年中銷售額呈上升趨勢。➤over a/the period整個⋯期間◇There will be a reduced bus service over the Christmas period.聖誕節期間公交車的班次將會減少。◇Changes were monitored over a period of two months.對變化的檢測歷時兩個月。➤within a/the period在一段時間之內◇We visited five different cities within a two-day period.我們在兩天的時間內訪問了 5 個不同的城市。➤period between⋯之間的時期◇the period between his resigning and finding a new job從他辭職到再找到工作之間的一段時間➤period from... to...從⋯到⋯期間◇the period from July 1 to December 31從 7 月 1 日到 12 月 31 日期間PHRASES➤the beginning of a period, the start of a period一個時期的開始／起點➤the end of a period一個時期的結束➤a period in history, a period of history歷史時期▸➤sb's period of office某人任職期間◇Public spending was cut during his period of office.他任職期間削減了公共開支。➤a period of silence, a period of study一段沉默期；研讀時間◇Try breaking your period of study into 20-minute blocks.試着把學習時間分成 20 分鐘的小段。➤a period of time一段時間◇The balance must be paid within an agreed period of time.餘款必須在約定的時間內付清。➤a period of change, a period of transition變革／過渡時期◇a period of transition from a totalitarian regime to democratic government從極權主義政權轉變為民主政府的過渡時期
period

noun²

 2menstruation月經ADJECTIVE | VERB + PERIOD | PERIOD + VERB | PERIOD + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤heavy, light月經量多；月經量少➤menstrual經期➤monthly經期10/AmE>20 :pooler-->VERB + PERIOD➤have來月經◇When did you last have a period?你上一次月經是什麼時候來的？◇I have my period and don't feel too great.我來月經了，感覺不太舒服。➤start開始有月經◇I was thirteen when I started my periods. (BrE) 我 13 歲初潮。◇I was thirteen when I started my period. (NAmE) 我 13 歲初潮。➤miss, skip月經沒來◇Missing a period is often one of the first signs that a woman is pregnant.月經沒來往往是女人懷孕的最初幾個徵兆之一。PERIOD + VERB➤start月經開始➤stop月經結束➤last月經持續PERIOD + NOUN➤cramps, pains (especially BrE) 痛經
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 324 COCA: 617
period noun
⇨ period (the Victorian period) ⇨ class 2 (It's French next period.) ⇨ time 2 (a period of time)period

noun

period ♦︎ century ♦︎ decade ♦︎ day ♦︎ time ♦︎ era ♦︎ age ♦︎ generation ♦︎ epochThese are all words for a length of time, especially in the life of a particular person or the history of a particular country. 这些词均表示时期。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a period / the ... century / a decade / ...day(s) / the time of... / ...times / an era / the age of... / a generation / an epoch◆during the period / century / decade / days / era / age / epoch◆a new period / century / decade / era / generation / epoch◆(the) present period / century / decade / day / time / era / generation / epoch◆(the) modern period / day / time / era / age◆(the) medieval / Victorian / post-war, etc. period / days / time / era◆to enter a period / a century / a decade / an era / an age◆to usher in a period / an era / an age◆a period / a century / a decade / a time / an era / an age begins / ends◆the beginning / end of a period / a century / a decade / an era / an age / an epoch■ period [countable] a length of time in the history of a particular country or in the life of a particular person （国家历史或人生的）时期，时代◆Which period of history would you most like to have lived in?你最想生活在哪一个历史时期？◆This textbook covers the post-war period.这一课本包含战后时期的历史。◆The picture was painted by Picasso during his blue period.这幅画是毕加索消沉时期的作品。◆Most teenagers go through a period of rebelling.大多数青少年都会经历叛逆期。ⓘ Period is often used to describe a time in a country's history that is studied as a historical subject. * period常指某一国家历史上作为研究课题的一个时期。   see also period ⇨ time 2 ■ century [countable] a period of 100 years; any of the periods of 100 years before or after the birth of Christ * 100年；世纪◆A century ago, weavers and bricklayers in this working class district won some of the earliest strikes for the ten-hour day.一百年前，在这个工人阶级聚集的地区，织布工人和瓦工们的一些早期罢工取得了胜利，争取到了十小时工作制。◆the 20th century (= AD 1901-2000 or 1900-1999) 20世纪◆eighteenth-century writers18世纪的作家■ decade [countable] a period of ten years, especially a period such as 1910-1919 or 2000-2009 十年，十年期（尤指一个年代）◆The effects of climate change have been increasingly apparent over the last decade.过去十年间，气候变化产生的影响越来越明显。◆The nineties were a decade of rapid advances.90年代是迅猛发展的十年。■ day [countable, usually plural] a period of time that is different from other periods because of particular characteristics or events （特别的）时期，时代◆Dickens gives us a vivid picture of poverty in Queen Victoria's day.狄更斯为我们生动地描绘了维多利亚女王时代贫困潦倒的画面。◆Most women stayed at home in those days (= in the past).在那个时代，大多数妇女都待在家里。◆Kids grow up so quickly these days (= in the present).如今孩子长得多快啊。◆This book is a study of European drama, from Ibsen to the present day.本书是对欧洲戏剧的研究，研究范围从易卜生一直到当代戏剧家。◆Slavery continues to exist, even in this day and age (= in the present).即使在今天这个时代，奴役的情况依然存在。   see also in sb's day ⇨ life 2 ■ time [uncountable, plural] a period of time that is connected with particular events or experiences in people's lives 时期；时代；年代◆The movie is set at the time of the Russian revolution.这部影片以俄国革命时期为背景。◆The Industrial Revolution took place in Victorian times.工业革命发生在维多利亚时代。◆The violence of our times (= the present period of history) is nothing new.在我们这个时代，暴力并非什么新鲜事。◆Times are hard for the unemployed.对于失业者来说，世道艰难。◆Times have changed since Grandma was young.时过境迁，现在已不是祖母年轻时那会儿了。  see also time ⇨ time 2 ■ era ˈɪərə; NAmE ˈɪrə, ˈerə [countable] (rather formal) a long period of time that is thought of as having particular characteristics or events （时间跨度大，具有独特性的）时代，年代，纪元◆It is one of the most famous churches built in the Victorian era.那是维多利亚时代建造的最有名的教堂之一。◆When she left the firm, it was the end of an era (= things were different after that).她离开这家公司后，一个时代结束了。◆This is the start of a new era of peace and prosperity.这是一个和平繁荣的新纪元的开始。■ age [countable] a period of time, usually in history, that is different from other periods, especially because it represents a stage in the development of technology or tools （尤指历史上代表技术或工具发展新阶段的）时代，时期◆Are the laws of war still relevant in the nuclear age?战争法则在核时代仍然适用吗？◆This is the age of the computer.现在是电脑时代。◆They dug up several examples of Bronze Age pottery.他们掘出了几件青铜器时期的陶器。◆The golden age of cinema was in the 1950s.20世纪50年代是电影业的黄金时期。◆The museum is putting on an exhibition of spinning through the ages.博物馆正推出一个纺纱历史沿革展览。■ generation [countable] the average time in which children grow up, become adults and have children of their own, usually considered to be about 30 years 代，一代，一辈（通常认为大约30年）◆Divorce is much more common now than it was a generation ago.如今离婚现象比上一代常见多了。◆My family have lived in this house for generations.我家祖祖辈辈都住在这房子里。   see also generation ⇨ age ■ epoch ˈiːpɒk; NAmE ˈepək [countable] (formal) a long period of time in history during which important events or changes happen （时间跨度大、有重要事件或变革发生的）时代，纪元，时期◆The death of the emperor marked the end of an epoch in the country's history.皇帝驾崩标志着该国历史上一个时代的结束。NOTE 辨析 Day, time, era, age or epoch? Era, age and epoch are used more often to mean a period in history. Day and time are often used, especially in the plural, to talk about the present. * era、age和epoch常指一个历史时期。day和time常表示现在，尤用复数形式◆these days如今◆modern times现代When day or time means a period in history, it is often used after a person's name. * day或time表示历史时期时，常用在一个人名的后面◆The battle happened in King Alfred's day.这场战争发生在阿尔弗烈德国王时代。◆The family was very poor in my great grandmother's time.我曾祖母那个时候，家里很穷。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 324 COCA: 617

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