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probability

Word family 
Related topics: Maths
prob·a·bil·i·ty /ˌprɒbəˈbɪləti $ ˌprɑː-/ ●●○ noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]PROBABLY how likely something is, sometimes calculated in a mathematical way 可能性；几率，概率 SYN likelihood, chance
the probability of (doing) something
 The probability of winning the lottery is really very low.
彩票的中奖几率是非常低的。
probability that
 There is a 95% probability that she will not have the disease.
她有95%的概率不会得这种病。
high/strong probability
 There’s a high probability that the children will follow a different career.
孩子们很有可能会从事一项不同的职业。
 You must decide whether, on the balance of probabilities, he committed the crime.
你们一定要权衡正反两方面的可能性，然后再裁定他是否犯罪。
2  [singular] what is likely or something that is likely 可能发生的事；可能存在的事
 The probability is that smaller businesses will not have to pay the tax.
较小的企业可能无需缴这种税。
 A peace agreement now seems a probability rather than a possibility.
达成和平协定现在似乎是十有八九的事，而不只是一种可能性。
3  in all probability PROBABLYvery probably 很可能，十有八九
 Mistakes could and, in all probability, would occur.
错误可能而且也完全有可能发生。
Examples from the Corpus
in all probability• In all probability, Kelsey will resign by the end of the year.• In all probability, parts of the church date from even earlier than the twelfth century.• That the fox was exhausted is questionable for it did gain the cover of the woods and in all probability survived.• He did not because in all probability he did not know himself.• You will not be in a condition to care about shaving, for example, for a few days in all probability anyway.• He graded it an unlikely E7 6c - unlikely in that it is, in all probability, much harder.• The tamarin will be preserved, in all probability, only if zoos throughout the world cooperate in breeding programmes.• My dear little Louisa too is just at a critical age, teething in all probability.• She knew that, in all probability, he was seeing other women as well as herself.• We knew that we were in all probability going to die before the day was gone.• This wider region will in all probability reflect the district, regional or area organisation and/or competition structure of many governing bodies.
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
high
This method of treatment has a high probability of success.
low
The probability of being struck by lightning is pretty low.
a strong probability (=a high probability)
There is a strong probability that the letter has been destroyed.
an equal probability
Each new baby has an approximately equal probability of inheriting maleness or femaleness.
the statistical probability
The statistical probability of a plane crash is increasing.
phrases
on the balance of probabilities (=considering the probability of two or more events)
A decision about removing a child from its parents is made on the balance of probabilities.
Examples from the Corpus
probability• There is a 90% probability that the hurricane will hit the coast of Florida later today.• They have shown that certain approaches have a high probability of success, while others, a high probability of failure.• Citing mathematical probabilities clearly does not establish the nonexistence of extraterrestrial being.• Most students need probability and statistics more than they need calculus.• They have rewritten the record books, stormed the male bastion of Grandmaster chess, and defied the laws of probability.• We talk, therefore, of probabilities or outcomes provided circumstances do not change.• Children with formal operations typically respond to this kind of problem with responses based on probability.• Genetic tests show a 99.4 percent probability that Hill is the child's father.• War is a real probability.• There is a strong probability that the problem will recur if we do not deal with it now.• What about measures based on odds rather than probabilities?• We must increase our efforts to reduce the probability of such an accident happening again.• The probability of catching the disease from your partner is extremely low.
high/strong probability• Even when the correct word was given a high probability, there were many other words with an equally high probability.• It will be important to present an idea that has a high probability of success.• They have shown that certain approaches have a high probability of success, while others, a high probability of failure.• Also there is a high probability that your holiday meals were lower in roughage than your own regime at home.• As many good projects - those with a high probability of being profitable - as possible should be estimated.• Does he need a home run so bad that he should risk the high probability of a strikeout?
From Longman Business Dictionary
probabilityprob·a·bil·i·ty /ˌprɒbəˈbɪlətiˌprɑː-/ noun (plural probabilities) [countableC, uncountableU]
STATISTICS the chance that something will happen, calculated mathematically
Companies may collaborate (=work together) in working out loss probabilities.
the influence of significant variables, including probability
prob·a·bil·i·ty noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
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