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IELTS BNC: 1467 COCA: 1206
crisis noun
⇨ crisis (a political crisis) ⇨ turning point (The fever has passed its crisis.) crisis

noun

crisis ♦︎ emergency ♦︎ disaster ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ calamityThese are all words for an unexpected situation or event that creates difficulties for sb/sth, kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage. 這些詞均表示危機、危難、災難。SYNONYM SCALE 詞義標尺 下圖顯示這些詞所表達危難的嚴重程度
crisis➔calamity➔disaster
emergencytragedy
catastrophe
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity for sb◆in a crisis / an emergency◆a major crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a great crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a / an awful / dreadful / terrible disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a potential crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a national crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆an environmental crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a / an ecological / personal crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a / an economic / financial crisis / disaster / catastrophe◆a nuclear disaster / catastrophe◆to cause a crisis / a disaster / a tragedy / a catastrophe◆to bring disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆to deal with / cope with a crisis / an emergency / a disaster◆to avert a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity happens / occurs◆disaster / tragedy / catastrophe strikes■ crisis ˈkraɪsɪs (plural crises crisiːz ) [countable, uncountable] a time of great danger, difficulty or uncertainty when problems must be solved or important decisions must be made 危機；危急關頭◆It is hoped that his resignation will end the latest political crisis in the country.大家希望他的辭職能夠結束該國最近的政治危機。◆The party was facing an identity crisis.該黨當時正面臨自身認同的危機。◆The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters (= they did not trust it any longer).當時這個政黨正面對其支持者對黨的信任危機。◆The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of the recession.這家公司雖然仍處於危機之中，但已經挺過了經濟衰退最嚴重的日子。◆In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to.在危難關頭我知道能投靠哪些朋友。■ emergency [countable, uncountable] a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it 突發事件；緊急情況◆This door should only be used in an emergency.此門僅限緊急情況下使用。◆I always have some extra cash with me for emergencies.我總是随身多帶點現金以備不時之需。◆The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.地震發生後政府已經宣布進入緊急狀態。◆There is an emergency exit (= to be used in an emergency) on each side of the aeroplane.飛機每側均有一個緊急出口。■ disaster [countable, uncountable] an unexpected event such as a very bad accident, a flood or a fire that kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage 災難；災禍；災害◆Thousands died in the disaster.數千人在這場災禍中喪生。◆They were involved in the 2001 ferry disaster.他們被牽扯到2001年的渡船災難事件。◆They will not insure you against a natural disaster (= one that is caused by nature).他們不會爲自然災害提供保險。◆Although there was always the possibility of flooding, the Nile seldom brought disaster to Egypt.盡管總是有可能發生洪水，尼羅河卻很少給埃及帶來災難。  see also disaster ⇨ disaster , disastrous ⇨ disastrous ■ tragedy ˈtrædʒədi [countable, uncountable] a very sad event or situation, especially one that involves death （尤指有人身亡的）悲慘的事，不幸，災難◆It's a tragedy that she died so young.她英年早逝是一大悲哀。◆Tragedy struck the family when their three-year-old son was hit by a car and killed.這個家庭慘遭不幸，他們三歲的兒子被汽車撞死了。◆The whole affair ended in tragedy.整件事以悲劇告終。  see also tragic ⇨ sad ■ catastrophe kəˈtæstrəfi [countable] a sudden disaster that causes many people to suffer 災難；災禍；橫禍◆Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.提前發布水位上漲警報避免了又一重大災難。   see also catastrophe ⇨ disaster , catastrophic ⇨ disastrous NOTE 辨析 Disaster or catastrophe?Either disaster or catastrophe can be used with such words as nuclear, environmental, ecological and economic, but disaster is preferred when you are talking about a famous event in which people were killed. * disaster和catastrophe均可與nuclear、environmental、ecological和economic等詞搭配，但談論廣爲人知的涉及人員死亡的事件時多傾向用disaster◆the Chernobyl / Lockerbie / Challenger disaster切爾諾貝利／洛克比／挑戰者號災難 ■ calamity kəˈlæməti [countable, uncountable] an event that causes great harm, especially to the political or financial affairs of a country or organization, or to sb's personal life 災難，災禍（尤指對國家或機構的政治或財政方面，或對個人生活方面造成重大打擊的事件）◆Sudan suffered a series of calamities during the 1980s.蘇丹在20世紀80年代經受了一連串災難。◆His financial help saved the magazine from total calamity.他的資金援助將那本雜志從徹底的危難中拯救出來。ⓘ A calamity is less serious than a disaster or catastrophe and is not usually used for an event in which people die. * calamity嚴重性比disaster和catastrophe要低，通常不指有人員死亡的事件。

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