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IELTS BNC: 436 COCA: 722

language

Word family
Related topics: Computers, Linguistics, Languages
lan·guage /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ ●●● S1 W1 noun  
1 English/French/Arabic etc 英语/法语/阿拉伯语等 [countableC, uncountableU]LANGUAGE a system of communication by written or spoken words, which is used by the people of a particular country or area 〔某国家或地区的〕语言;语言文字
 How many languages do you speak?
你能说几种语言?
 one of the best-known poems in the English language
最著名的英语诗歌之一
2 communication 沟通 [uncountableU]LANGUAGE the use of written or spoken words to communicate 语言;言语;说话
 the origins of language
语言的起源
3 style/type of words 词语的风格/类型WORD, PHRASE, OR SENTENCE [uncountableU] a particular style or type of words 〔特定风格或类型的〕用语;术语
legal/medical/technical etc language
 The letter was written in complicated legal language.
这封信是用复杂的法律术语写的。
spoken/written language
 The expression is mainly used in written language.
这个短语主要用在书面语中。
ordinary/everyday language
 He is able to explain complicated ideas in simple everyday language.
他能够用简单的日常语言解释复杂的观点。
literary/poetic language
 The plays are full of old-fashioned poetic language.
这些戏剧充斥着老掉牙的诗歌语言。
language of
 the language of science
科学术语
4 swearing 谩骂 [uncountableU] informalSWEAR words that most people think are offensive 粗话,骂人话
mind/watch your language spoken (=stop swearing) 注意你的言谈;嘴巴干净点
bad/foul/abusive language 脏话/粗话/恶言
5 strong language 
a) ANGRYangry words used to tell people exactly what you mean 措辞强硬的话,激烈的言辞
b) SWEARwords that most people think are offensive 粗话,骂人话 SYN swearing
Examples from the Corpus
6 computers 计算机 [countableC, uncountableU] technicalTD a system of instructions for operating a computer 计算机语言
 a programming language for the Web
一种网络编程语言
7 signs/actions/sounds 手势/动作/声音 [countableC, uncountableU]WAY/METHOD signs, movements, or sounds that express ideas or feelings 〔使用手势、动作或声音的〕表达方式,交流方式
language of
 the language of bees
蜜蜂的交流方式
 the language of dolphins
海豚的交流方式
body language, sign language, → speak the same language at speak(11)
COLLOCATIONS
verbs
speak a language 说某种语言
Can you speak a foreign language?
你会说外语吗?
use a language 用某种语言
The children use their native language at home.
孩子们在家说母语。
learn a language 学习语言
Immigrants are expected to learn the language of their new country.
移民应该要学习移入国的语言。
master a language (=succeed in learning a language well) 掌握语言
nShe had had a long struggle to master the Russian language.
know a language 懂一种语言
nHe had lived in Japan, but did not know the language.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + language
a foreign language 外语
He found learning a foreign language extremely difficult.
他发现学外语极其困难。
the English/Japanese/Spanish etc language 英语/日语/西班牙语等
She had some knowledge of the Spanish language.
她会一点西班牙语。
somebody’s first/native language (=the language someone first learned as a child) 某人的母语
His first language was Polish.
他的母语是波兰语。
a second language (=a language you speak that is not your first language) 第二语言
nMost of the students learned English as their second language.
modern languages (=languages that are spoken now) 现代语言
nThe school has a good modern languages department.
a dead language (=a language that is no longer spoken) 不再使用的语言
nShe didn’t see the point of learning a dead language.
an official language (=the language used for official business in a country) 官方语言
nCanada has two official languages: English and French.
a common language (=a language that more than one person or group speaks, so that they can understand each other) 共同语言
nMost of the countries of South America share a common language: Spanish.
language + NOUN
the language barrier (=the problem of communicating with someone when you do not speak the same language) 语言障碍
Because of the language barrier, it was hard for doctors to give good advice to patients.
由于存在语言障碍,医生难以给予病人有效建议。
a language student/learner 语言学习者
Language learners often have problems with tenses.
语言学习者往往在掌握时态方面有问题。
a language teacher 语言教师
na book for language teachers
language teaching 语言教学
nrecent developments in language teaching
phrases
somebody’s command of a language (=someone’s ability to speak a language) 某人对一种语言的掌握
nDoes he have a good command of the language?
THESAURUS
ndifferent kinds of language
dialect a form of a language that is spoken in one area of a country, with different words, grammar, or pronunciation from other areas
Cantonese is only one of many Chinese dialects.
the local dialect
accent the way that someone pronounces words, because of where they were born or live, or their social class
Karen has a strong New Jersey accent.
an upper class accent
slang very informal spoken language, used especially by people who belong to a particular group, for example young people or criminals
Teenage slang changes all the time.
‘Dosh’ is slang for ‘money’.
terminology formal the technical words or expressions that are used in a particular subject
musical terminology
Patients are often unfamiliar with medical terminology.
jargon especially disapproving words and phrases used in a particular profession or subject and which are difficult for other people to understand
The instructions were written in complicated technical jargon.
‘Outsourcing’ is business jargon for sending work to people outside a company to do.
The letter was full of legal jargon.
techniques used in language 语言技巧
metaphor a way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thing 暗喻,隐喻
The beehive is a metaphor for human society.
蜂房可喻指人类社会。
simile an expression that describes something by comparing it with something else, using the words as or like, for example ‘as white as snow 明喻
The poet uses the simile ‘soft like clay’.
诗人运用了明喻如陶土般柔软
irony the use of words that are the opposite of what you really mean, often in order to be amusing 反语,反讽
‘I’m so happy to hear that, ’ he said, with more than a trace of irony in his voice.
听到这消息可真叫我高兴。他说道,语气中带着重重的嘲讽。
bathos a sudden change from a subject that is beautiful, moral, or serious to something that is ordinary, silly, or not important 突降
The play is too sentimental and full of bathos.
该剧过于煽情,用了太多突降法。
hyperbole a way of describing something by saying that it is much bigger, smaller, worse etc than it actually is – used especially to excite people’s feelings 夸张
In his speeches, he used a lot of hyperbole.
他在演讲中运用了大量夸张手法。
journalistic hyperbole
新闻报道的夸张
alliteration the use of several words together that all begin with the same sound, in order to make a special effect, especially in poetry 头韵
the alliteration of the ‘s’ sound in ‘sweet birds sang softly’
sweet birds sang softly中的s头韵
imagery the use of words to describe ideas or actions in a way that makes the reader connect the ideas with pictures in their mind 意象
the use of water imagery in Fitzgerald’s novel ‘The Great Gatsby’
菲茨杰拉德小说《了不起的盖茨比》中水的意象的运用
She uses the imagery of a bird’s song to represent eternal hope.
她用鸟鸣的意象来象征永恒的希望。
rhetorical question a question that you ask as a way of making a statement, without expecting an answer 反问
When he said ‘how can these attitudes still exist in a civilized society?’, he was asking a rhetorical question.
这样的态度怎么能继续存在于文明社会中?他这句话是在反问。
Examples from the Corpus
From Longman Business Dictionary
languagelan·guage /ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ/ noun
1[countableC, uncountableU] a system of speaking and writing used by people in one country or area
the French language
Do you speak any foreign languages?
Trading in Europe means communicating in more than one language.
official language world language
2[uncountableU] the kind of words and style used in one kind of writing or by people in a particular job or activity
technical language
3 (also computer language) [countableC, uncountableU]COMPUTING a system of commands and instructions used for operating a computer
Internet Protocol (IP) is a computer language that allows email users to communicate with one another.
the business-oriented Cobol computer language
assembly language high-level language machine language object language programming language
Origin language
(1200-1300) Old French langue tongue, language, from Latin lingua
lan·guage noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 436 COCA: 722
language

noun¹

1system of communication交際系統ADJECTIVE | VERB + LANGUAGE | LANGUAGE + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVEfirst, native母語;本族語She grew up in Mexico, so her first language is Spanish.她在墨西哥長大,因此第一語言是西班牙語。foreign, second外語;第二語言How many foreign languages does she speak?她會講幾種外語?the teaching of English as a second language作為第二語言的英語教學original原語Most local cinemas show films in the original language, with German subtitles.多數當地影院放映配有德語字幕的原版電影。source, target (both technical術語) 源語;目的語ancient, classical, dead古代語言;古典語言;死語言Latin is a dead language.拉丁語是一種死語言。modern現代語言common, shared共同語言indigenous, local本地/當地語言official官方語言Belgium has two official languages.比利時有兩種官方語言。national民族語言Portuguese is the national language of Brazil.葡萄牙語是巴西的國語。dominant優勢語言international, universal國際/通用語言minority少數民族語言Some minority languages are dying out.一些少數民族語言正在消亡。natural自然語言Computers will never be able to understand natural language.計算機永遠不能理解自然語言。strange, unknown陌生的/未知的語言manuscripts written in an unknown language以一種未知語言寫成的手稿computer, programming計算機/編程語言VERB + LANGUAGEspeak說語言know, understand懂語言;理解語言use使用語言learn, study學習語言teach教語言master掌握語言LANGUAGE + NOUNacquisition, development, learning語言習得/發展/學習new methods of language learning語言學習的新方法course, lesson語言課程;語言課skill語言技能barrier語言障礙PHRASEScommand of (a) language, knowledge of (a) language, mastery of (a) language語言的掌握/瞭解/精通Her command of language is very advanced for a six-year-old.作為一個 6 歲的孩子,她對語言的掌握非常超前。
language

noun²

2way of using language使用語言的方式ADJECTIVE | VERB + LANGUAGE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEspoken, written口語;書面語She could speak some Chinese, but never studied the written language.她會說一些漢語,但從來沒學過書面語。colloquial, everyday, informal口語;日常語言;非正式語言formal正式語言expressive, flowery, literary, poetic表現力強的/華麗的/文學/詩歌語言figurative, symbolic比喻性用語;象徵性語言everyday, plain, simple日常/樸素的/簡單的語言His strength is that he addresses his readers in plain language.他的長處在於用平實的語言去跟讀者講話。vague含糊的語言racist, sexist種族主義/性別歧視語言sign手(勢)語Not all deaf people use sign language.並非所有耳聾的人都使用手語。body身體語言You could tell from his body language that he was very embarrassed.從他的身體語言就可以看得出來他很尷尬。legal, technical法律/技術語言biblical《聖經》語言harsh狠話She reserved her harshest language for those she believed had betrayed her.她把最狠毒的話語留給了她認為背叛了自己的那些人。bad, colourful/colorful, crude, foul, obscene, offensive, strong, vulgar粗話;髒話;污穢的語言;粗魯的語言;粗俗的語言people using foul language說髒話的人VERB + LANGUAGEuse使用語言be couched in, be expressed in用語言表達mind, watch注意言辭The referee told the players to mind their language.裁判讓隊員注意言辭。PREPOSITIONin...language用⋯語言His letter was couched in very formal language.他的信使用了非常莊重的語言。PHRASESuse of language語言的運用The writer's use of language reflects the personality of each character.作者通過語言的運用反映了每個角色的性格。

See also: Languages

IELTS BNC: 436 COCA: 722
language noun
language1 (sb's first language) language2 (everyday language)
language1

noun

Italian is my first language. 意大利语是我的第一语言。everyday language 日常用语language ♦︎ dialect ♦︎ tongue ♦︎ idiomThese are all words for the different forms of words and speech used by people of a particular country, area or social group. 这些词均表示语言。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to speak in a language / a dialect / a tongue / an idiomsb's native language / dialect / tonguea local language / dialecta strange language / dialect / tonguea foreign language / tongueto speak / understand / use / learn / study a language / dialect language [countable, uncountable] the system of communication in speech and writing that is used by people of a particular country; the use by humans of such a system to communicate (某国的)语言;言语Italian is my first language (= the language I learned to speak first as a child).意大利语是我的第一语言。They fell in love in spite of the language barrier (= the difficulty of communicating when people speak different languages).尽管有语言障碍,他们还是相爱了。Why study Latin? It's a dead language (= no longer spoken by anyone).为什么学拉丁语呢?这种语言没有人说了。 (especially BrE) She's got a degree in modern languages (= languages that are spoken or written now, especially European languages).她有现代语言学的学位。 dialect ˈdaɪəlekt [countable, uncountable] the form of a language that is spoken in one area, with grammar, words and pronunciation that may be different from other forms of the same language 地方话;土话;方言All languages and dialects change over time.所有语言和方言都会随着时间的推移而发生变化。She spoke in broad Yorkshire dialect.她操一口浓重的约克郡方言。 tongue [countable] (formal, literary or old-fashioned) a language 语言;言语The market place was full of people speaking many strange tongues.市场里挤满了操着多种陌生语言的人。I tried speaking to her in her mother tongue.我试着用她的母语和她交谈。The term mother tongue is often used to talk about a person's first language, and is not as formal, and not at all as old-fashioned as the word tongue used by itself or in other combinations. * mother tongue常指母语,不像tongue单独使用或与其他单词组合那样正式和过时。 idiom [countable, uncountable] (formal) the kind of language and grammar used by particular people at a particular time or place (某时期或某地区特定人群的)语言He has produced a classical play in a modern idiom.他用现代语言创作了一部古典戏剧。The friends would sometimes revert to playground idiom (= the language that children use together at school).有时朋友们会再用儿时的语言交谈。language2

noun

Italian is my first language. 意大利语是我的第一语言。everyday language 日常用语language ♦︎ vocabulary ♦︎ terms ♦︎ wording ♦︎ terminology ♦︎ usageThese are all terms for the words and expressions people use when they speak or write, or for a particular style of speaking or writing. 这些词均表示措辞、用语或某种类型的言语。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配in... language / vocabulary / terms / terminology / usageformal / informal / everyday language / vocabulary / terms / usagesimple language / vocabulary / termssophisticated / business / scientific / technical / specialized language / vocabulary / terminologyto use ... language / vocabulary / terms / wording / terminologyto be couched in ... language / vocabulary / termsA word enters the language / the vocabulary / ...usage... language [uncountable] a particular style of speaking or writing (某种类型的)用语,言语Give your instructions in everyday language.请用平白的语言发布指令。the language of the legal profession法律专业用语They were shouting and using bad / foul language.他们大喊大叫,还骂脏话。 vocabulary [countable, uncountable] all the words that a person knows or uses; all the words in a particular language; the words that people use when they are talking about a particular subject (某人所掌握或使用的)词汇,词汇量;(某语言的)全部词汇;(某学科的)词汇to have a wide / limited vocabulary词汇量大/有限your active vocabulary (= the words that you use) 你懂得运用的词汇your passive vocabulary (= the words that you understand but don't use) 你懂得但不使用的词汇Reading will increase your vocabulary.阅读会增加你的词汇量。When did the word 'bungalow' first enter the vocabulary?bungalow一词是何时进入英语词汇的?The word has become part of advertising vocabulary.这个词已经成为广告用语。 terms [plural] a way of expressing yourself or of saying sth 表达方式;措辞;说法I'll try to explain in simple terms.我会尽量讲得通俗易懂。She spoke of you in glowing terms (= expressing her admiration of you).她对你赞誉有加。 (rather formal) We wish to protest in the strongest possible terms (= to say that we are very angry).我们想尽可能以最强硬的措辞来抗议。 see also term word wording [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the words that are used in a piece of writing or speech, especially when they have been carefully chosen (尤指经过谨慎选择的)措辞,用词It was the standard form of wording for a consent letter.这是同意书的标准措辞形式。What was the exact wording of the message?这条信息的原话是什么? see also word word terminology ˌtɜːmɪˈnɒlədʒi; NAmE ˌtɜːrməˈnɑːlədʒi [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the set of technical words or expressions used in a particular subject; words used with particular meanings (某学科的)术语;专门用语The article avoids using too much medical terminology.这篇文章避免使用过多的医学术语。Scientists are constantly developing new terminologies.科学家不断开发新的术语。Literary/poetic terminology is used for talking about literature or poetry. Literary/poetic language is used for writing in a literary or poetic style. * literary/poetic terminology指文学或诗歌评论用的术语,literary/poetic language指文学或诗歌创作用的语言。 usage ˈjuːsɪdʒ, ˈjuːzɪdʒ [uncountable, countable] the way in which words are used in a language, and the meanings they have when people use them (词语的)用法,惯用法,惯用义It's not a word in common usage.这不是一个常用词。The dictionary focuses on the more usual words of the language and avoids rare usages of these words.这本词典主要收录该语言的常用词汇,而且避过了这些词汇的生僻用法。

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