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IELTS BNC: 454 COCA: 628

letter

Word family
let·ter1 /ˈletə $ -ər/ ●●● S1 W1 noun [countableC]  
1 LETTERa written or printed message that is usually put in an envelope and sent by mail 信,函
letter from/to
 I got a letter from Melanie today.
今天我收到梅拉妮的一封信。
 Bart’s writing a letter to his parents.
巴特正在给他父母写信。
chain letter, letter of credit, open letter
2 SLAa sign in writing or printing that represents a speech sound 字母
 There are 26 letters in the English alphabet.
英语字母表有26个字母。
 Fill in the form in capital letters (=written in their large form).
用大写字母填写表格。
block letters
3 to the letter ATTENTIONpaying exact attention to the details of something 丝毫不差,不折不扣
 I followed the instructions to the letter, but it still wouldn’t work.
我严格按照说明去做,但还是不行。
Examples from the Corpus
4 the letter of the law EXACTthe exact words of a law or agreement rather than the intended or general meaning 法律[协议]的字面含义
 employees who stick to the letter of the law in their contracts
严格遵守合同字面规定的雇员
the spirit of the law at spirit1(11)
Examples from the Corpus
5 American EnglishAmESEDS a large cloth letter that you sew onto a jacket, given as a reward for playing in a school or college sports team 〔作为奖励缝在校运动队队员队服上的〕校名首字母标志
 Mark got a letter in soccer.
马克因足球比赛表现突出获得了校名首字母标志奖励。
6 English/American/German etc letters [plural] formalAL the study of the literature of a particular country or language 英国/美国/德国等文学
 a major figure in English letters
一位英语文学领域的重要人物
dead letter, man of letters
COLLOCATIONS
verbs
get a letter (also receive a letter formal) 收信
I got a letter from my mother.
我收到母亲写来的一封信。
write a letter 写信
He wrote a letter inviting her to visit.
他写信请她来做客。
send a letter 寄信,发信
The school sent a letter to all the children’s parents.
学校给所有孩子的父母都发去一封信。
post a letter British EnglishBrE, mail a letter American EnglishAmE 寄信
nCould you post this letter for me?
answer a letter/reply to a letter 回信
nI never answered his letter.
open a letter 打开信
nBill opened the letter and read it.
read a letter 读信
nMay I read her letter?
a letter comes/arrives 信寄到
nA letter came for you today.
a letter is addressed to somebody (=has their name and address on the envelope) 信是寄给某人的
nThe letter was addressed to Mr. John Appleby.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + letter
long/short /
She was thrilled to get a long letter from her son.
她收到儿子寄来的一封长信,异常激动。
formal/informal 正式/非正式
The letter sounded very formal.
这封信读起来非常正式。
a personal letter 私人信件
I don’t want him reading my personal letters.
我不希望他读我的私人信件。
a business letter 商务信函
nIn business letters you often use phrases such as ‘I would be grateful if ...’.
an official letter 公函
nI received an official letter thanking me for my enquiry.
a love letter 情书
nThe book had a copy of a love letter from King Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn.
a thank-you letter 感谢信
nMum made me write thank-you letters for all my birthday presents.
a covering letter British EnglishBrE, a cover letter American EnglishAmE (=that you send with your CV to an employer) 〔连同履历一起寄给雇主的〕附函,说明信
nAlways enclose a cover letter with your resume.
phrases
a letter of thanks/introduction/complaint etc 感谢信/介绍信/投诉信等
I finally got a letter of apology from the company.
最后我收到了公司的一封致歉信。
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘invitation letter’ or ‘complaint letter’. Say letter of invitation or letter of complaint.
不要说invitation lettercomplaint letter’. 而要说 letter of invitation letter of complaint.
Examples from the Corpus
Related topics: Education, Sport
letter2 verb  
1 [transitiveT] to write, draw, paint etc letters or words on something 把字()[画,绘]
 The card was neatly lettered P. A. DUFFY.
卡片上工整地写着P. A. DUFFY
be lettered in something
 Several pages are lettered in gold.
有几页用的是烫金字。
nGrammar
Letter is usually passive in this meaning.
2 [intransitiveI] American EnglishAmESEDS to earn a letter1(5) in a sport 获得校名首字母标志奖励
letter in
 He lettered in basketball at Brandeis.
他在布兰德斯大学校篮球队获得了校名首字母标志奖励。
Examples from the Corpus
From Longman Business Dictionary
letterlet·ter /ˈletə-ər/ noun [countableC]
1a written or printed message that is usually put in an envelope and sent by mail
Please sign the letter and mail it back within two weeks.
allocation letter appointment letter comfort letter covering letter engagement letter form letter
2any of the signs in writing or printing that represent a speech sound
the letter ‘A’
3do something to the letter to pay exact attention to the details of an agreement, rule, set of instructions etc
In order for the plan to work, you need to follow the instructions to the letter.
4LAW the letter of the law the exact words of a law or agreement rather than the intended or general meaning
an administrator with a rigid adherence to the letter of the law
Origin letter1
(1200-1300) Old French lettre, from Latin littera
IELTS BNC: 454 COCA: 628
letter

noun¹

1written/printed message書信ADJECTIVE | VERB + LETTER | LETTER + VERB | LETTER + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVElengthy, long長信brief, short簡短的信;短信ten-page, etc. * 10 頁等的信rambling東拉西扯的信countless, numerous數不清的信;許多信She received countless letters of support while in jail.在獄中她收到了不計其數支持她的信件。occasional偶爾寫的信Apart from the occasional letter, they had not been in touch for years.除了偶爾通信之外,他們好多年沒有聯繫了。airmail航空信件registered掛號信handwritten手寫信件anonymous匿名信formal, official正式/官方信件business商務信函personal個人信件confidential, private機密/私人信件open, public公開信The editor published an open letter to the president.編輯發表了一份給總統的公開信。circular傳閱的函件chain連鎖信form, standard通函;標準格式的信件sample信函範本accompanying, cover, covering, explanatory (especially BrE) 附函;附信;說明信The conditions are explained in the accompanying letter.這些條件在附函中予以解釋。Send your résumé with a cover letter. (NAmE) 請隨求職信寄來你的簡歷。Send your CV with a covering letter. (BrE) 將你的個人簡歷隨求職信一並寄出。thank-you感謝信I wrote my uncle a thank-you letter as soon as I opened the present.我一打開禮物就給叔叔寫了一封感謝信。congratulatory賀信warning警告信acceptance, rejection接受函;回絕信I've had ten job interviews and received ten rejection letters.我參加了 10 次求職面試,收到了 10 封回絕信。resignation辭職信suicide絕命書fan崇拜者來信love情書intimate私密信件nice懇切的信friendly友好的信heartfelt, impassioned真誠的/充滿激情的信件She wrote an impassioned letter to her local newspaper to complain about the new road.她給當地的報紙寫了一封措辭激烈的信,投訴新修的馬路。polite客氣的信apologetic道歉信angry, strong, strongly worded, threatening憤怒的信;措辭強硬的信;恐嚇信indignant憤憤不平的信critical批評信poison pen匿名誹謗信He had been sending poison pen letters to people at work.他一直在給工作的人們寄送匿名誹謗信。VERB + LETTERdraft, write起草信;寫信She drafted an angry letter to the newspaper.她起草了一封給報社的怒氣沖沖的信。read看信get, have, receive收到信I haven't had a letter from her for months.我已經幾個月沒收到她的信了。mail, post, send寄信email發電子郵件fax傳真信deliver送信forward轉交信The letter was forwarded from my old address.這封信是從我的舊地址轉來的。seal封好信open打開信acknowledge, answer, reply to, respond to告知已收到信;回信;答覆信I was angry that they didn't even acknowledge my letter.我生氣的是他們甚至沒有確認已經收到我的信。address在信上寫姓名及地址The letter was addressed to me.這封信是寄給我的。sign在信上簽字publish發表信件The newspaper refused to publish the letter.這家報紙拒絕發表這封信。edit編輯信件We reserve the right to cut or edit letters.我們保留刪減或者編輯信件的權利。LETTER + VERBarrive, come, reach sb信件到達;信送到(某人處)I hope my last letter has reached you.我希望我的上一封信已送到你手中。be dated...信上註明的日期為⋯The letter is dated July 7.這封信日期為 7 月 7 日。cross信件相互錯過Our letters crossed.我們的信相互錯過了。be lost信件丟失announce sth, ask (sb) sth, explain sth, say sth, state sth, tell sb sth來信宣佈⋯;來信詢問(某人)⋯;來信解釋⋯;信上說⋯;信函陳述⋯;來信告訴某人⋯She wrote him a letter saying that she was not coming back.她給他寫了一封信,說自己不會回來了。begin, start, start off信開始;信開頭The letter started off by thanking us for our offer.信中首先感謝了我們的提議。continue, go on信接着講述His letter went on to give reasons for his refusal to take part.他的信接着講了他拒絕參加的原因。conclude, end信結尾The letter concluded with a threat of possible legal action.這封信在結尾揚言有可能要訴諸法律。contain sth信中有⋯The letter contained information that only the killer could know.信裏有些只有殺手才會知道的信息。enclose sth信裏附有⋯The charity received an anonymous letter enclosing a large donation.慈善機構收到了一封附有一大筆捐贈的匿名信。appear信出現A letter headed 'Advertising Mania' appeared in the paper.報紙上刊登了一封題為《廣告熱》的信。LETTER + NOUNwriter, writing信的作者;寫信George Bernard Shaw was a prolific letter writer.蕭伯納是一位多產的書信作者。carrier (NAmE) (postman/postwoman in BrE) 郵遞員box (BrE) (mail slot in NAmE) (mailbox in NAmE) 信箱A card dropped through the letter box.一張卡片丟進了信箱。 (mail slot in NAmE) There's a letter box on the corner of the street.街角那兒有一個郵筒。 (mailbox in NAmE) opener (especially NAmE) 開信刀bomb (mail bomb in NAmE) 信件炸彈PREPOSITIONby letter通過信件Please reply by letter.請來信回覆。in a/the letter在信中In your letter of June 5...在您 6 月 5 日的信中⋯letter about, letter concerning, letter regarding關於⋯的信letter from, letter to來自⋯的信;給⋯的信a letter to the editor致編輯的信letter of⋯信a letter of application / apology申請信/道歉信
letter

noun²

2sign that represents a sound in a language字母ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEbig, large大的字母;大字母block, capital, upper-case大寫字母Fill in the form in block letters.用大寫字母填表。lower-case, small小寫字母bold黑體字母initial首字母The company's name is made from the initial letters of his children's names.公司名稱由他幾個孩子名字的首字母組成。double雙寫字母Words with double letters, such as 'accommodate', are commonly misspelled.有雙寫字母的詞,如 accommodate 常常被拼錯。silent不發音的字母words such as 'debt' and 'half', which contain silent letters含有不發音字母的詞,如 debt 和 halfPREPOSITIONin... letters用⋯字母His name was written in large white letters over the doorway.他的名字用白色的大寫字母寫在門的上方。PHRASESthe letters of the alphabet字母
IELTS BNC: 454 COCA: 628
letter noun
letter (send a letter) number2 (the letters of the alphabet)
letter

noun

letter ♦︎ message ♦︎ email ♦︎ mail ♦︎ note ♦︎ memo ♦︎ fax ♦︎ text ♦︎ post ♦︎ communication ♦︎ correspondenceThese words all mean sth that you write and send to sb in order to communicate with them. 这些词均表示信函、邮件。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a letter / a message / an email / mail / a note / a memo / a fax / a text / post / a communication / correspondence from / to sb(a) personal / private letter / message / email / mail / note / communication / correspondencea brief letter / message / email / note / memo / communication(a) business letter / email / mail / memo / correspondencea thank-you letter / message / email / noteto send / receive a letter / a message / an email / mail / a note / a memo / a fax / a text / post / a communication / correspondenceto write a letter / a message / an email / a note / a memoto open a letter / a message / an email / the mail / the posta letter / a message / an email / the mail / a fax / the post arrives letter [countable] a piece of text that you write on paper and send to sb, usually in an addressed envelope, in order to tell them sth 信;函You should include a covering letter with your CV.寄简历时应该附上求职信。They wrote a letter of complaint to the television network.他们给电视台写了一封投诉信。You will be notified by letter.你将会收到信函通知。 (BrE) to post a letter寄信 (NAmE) to mail a letter寄信 message [countable] a short piece of written or spoken information that you give to sb when you cannot speak to them directly (书面或口头的)信息,消息,音信I left a message on her answering machine.我在她的电话答录机上留言了。Victoria's not here at the moment. Can I take a message?维多利亚这会儿不在,要我给你传个话吗?The computer displays an error message when I try to run the program.我试着运行该程序时,电脑出现错误信息提示。 email ( e-mail) [countable, uncountable] a written message that you send from your computer to another person's computer over a network such as the Internet 电子邮件;电邮I got an email from Andrew last week.我上周收到安德鲁的一封电子邮件。I have to check my email.我得查收一下电子邮件。 email ( e-mail)

verb

[transitive] David emailed me yesterday.戴维昨天给我发了电子邮件。I'll email the documents to her.我将用电邮把这些文件发给她。
mail [uncountable] the letters and packages which are sent and delivered by the postal system; messages that are sent or received on a computer 邮件;信件;邮包;电子邮件There isn't much mail today.今天邮件不多。Is there a letter from them in the mail?邮包里有他们的来信吗?You've got mail.有你的信件。In British English post is often used instead of mail to mean the letters and packages that sb sends and receives. 在英式英语中,常用post而非mail来表示收发的信件和邮包。 see also mail send verb 1 note [countable] a short informal letter 短笺;便条Just a quick note to say thank you for a wonderful evening.仅以此短笺感谢您让我度过了一个美好夜晚。I left a note for Judith on her desk.我在朱迪丝的书桌上留了个便条。It is suspicious that he did not leave a suicide note.他没有留下遗书,这一点很可疑。 memo ˈmeməʊ; NAmE ˈmemoʊ ( formal memorandumˌmeməˈrændəm ) (plural memoranda ˌmeməˈrændə ) [countable] an official note from one person to another in the same organization 备忘录The confidential memo was leaked to the press.那份机密备忘录被人泄露给了媒体。 fax [uncountable, countable] a system for sending documents in electronic form along telephone wires, using a special machine that sends, receives and prints the documents; a document sent by fax 传真(系统);传真文件a fax machine传真机Can you send it to me by fax?你能把它传真给我吗?What is your fax number?你的传真号码是多少?Did you get my fax?你收到我的传真了吗? fax

verb

[transitive] Can you fax me the latest version?你能把最新版本传真给我吗?Can you fax it to me?你能把它传真给我吗?
text ( ˈtext message) [countable] a written message that you send using a mobile phone (手机)短信;短讯简讯Send a text to this number to vote.请发短信到此号码参加投票。 text ( ˈtext-message)

verb

[transitive] I texted him to say we were waiting at the hotel.我发短信告诉他我们在酒店等候。
post [uncountable] (BrE) mail 邮件;信件;邮包The book arrived in the morning post.这本书是上午邮递送来的。 see also post send verb 1 communication [countable] (formal) a message, letter or telephone call 信息;书信;电话If you no longer wish to receive communications from us, follow the instructions at the bottom of the email.如果你不想再收到我们的信息,请按照电邮底部的说明去做。 see also communication communication , communicate convey , communicate talk correspondence [uncountable] (rather formal) the letters a person sends and receives 来往信件;往来书信The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.编辑欢迎读者就任何问题来信。the correspondence column / page (= in a newspaper) 读者来信专栏 see also correspondence communication
IELTS BNC: 454 COCA: 628

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