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TOEFL BNC: 5601 COCA: 5542

poison

Word family 
Related topics: Daily life
poi·son1 /ˈpɔɪzən/ ●●○ noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]DHARM/BE BAD FOR a substance that can cause death or serious illness if you eat it, drink it etc 毒素；毒物；毒药
 Belladonna and red arsenic are deadly poisons.
颠茄和雄黄都是致命的毒物。
 a box of rat poison (=poison to kill rats)
一盒鼠药
 He swallowed some type of poison.
他吞下了某种毒药。
2  HARM/BE BAD FOR[countableC] something such as an emotion or idea that makes you behave badly or become very unhappy 使人不愉快的情绪，有害的思想
 Hatred is a poison that will destroy your life.
仇恨是一种毒药，它会毁掉你的生活。
3. what’s your poison? old-fashioned spokenDRINK a humorous way of asking which alcoholic drink someone would like 你想喝什么穿肠毒物？〔指酒，幽默用法〕
→ one man’s meat is another man’s poison at meat(4)
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
take/swallow poison
He committed suicide by taking poison.
give somebody poison
She admitted two charges of giving poison to her daughter.
administer poison formal (=give it to someone)
He could not have administered the poison that had put Mark in a coma.
put poison in something
She put poison in his wine.
lace something with poison (=put poison in something)
He laced the emperor's tea with poison.
put poison down (=put it somewhere to kill an animal)
One way of getting rid of rats or mice is to put poison down.
adjectives
a deadly poison
The berries contain a deadly poison.
a slow-acting/quick-acting poison
Cyanide is a very strong, quick-acting poison.
a virulent poison (=one that makes someone very ill or kills them)
Scorpions produce a virulent poison.
phrases
a dose of poison (=an amount of poison)
He had taken a massive dose of poison.
a trace of poison (=a small amount of poison that is still present somewhere)
Traces of the poison were found in the family car.
Examples from the Corpus
poison• Nationalism is a poison that has caused much suffering.• Villagers could have been sitting on a chemical poison with untold consequences to health.• The circuitry was composed of electric eels, and there were colorful fish and liquid poisons and numerous examples of evil.• One side of the apple was white and had no poison.• He wore a white uniform and carried a spray can of poison with a long wand.• But then the truth about the massive doses of poison which Allitt administered to those babies in her care was uncovered.• At the camp, the doctor gave me a choice: rat poison or the stick.• The child was rushed to the hospital after eating rat poison.• Stay calm and keep the child calm: panic speeds poison absorption.• Cyanide fishermen learn exactly where and when grouper go to spawn; they then squirt their poison with practiced precision.
rat poison• He said he only wanted to kill himself and claimed he ate rat poison and planned to inhale car exhaust fumes.• At the camp, the doctor gave me a choice: rat poison or the stick.• Gullible hadn't been driving a great big lorry around the place and putting down rat poison.• Somewhere in Ohio a doctor has been jailed for feeding rat poison to his colleagues.• She gave him rat poison and then she took him out back and she had Howard bury him in her garden.• At first I jumped like a kid without hamstrings who had ingested rat poison for breakfast.• Just himself and Eloise, a cleaver, a gun, a spoonful of rat poison.• The rat poison and insecticide was taken from a van at Farm lane in Crawley near Witney.
Related topics: Environment & waste
poison2 ●○○ verb [transitiveT]  
1  HARM/BE BAD FORKILLto give someone poison, especially by adding it to their food or drink, in order to harm or kill them 毒害；毒杀
 She was accused in 1974 of poisoning her second husband, Charles.
1974 年她被控毒死了她的第二任丈夫查尔斯。
 He killed several people by poisoning their tea.
他在茶里下毒杀死了几个人。
poison somebody with something
 Helms attempted to poison his whole family with strychnine.
赫尔姆斯企图用马钱子碱毒死全家人。
2  if a substance poisons someone, it makes them sick or kills them 〔物质〕毒害，毒死
 Thousands of children were poisoned by radiation.
数千名儿童遭受辐射的毒害。
3  SGPDIRTYto make land, rivers, air etc dirty and dangerous, especially by the use of harmful chemicals 尤指有害化学物〕污染〔土地、河流、空气等〕
 Pesticides are poisoning our rivers.
杀虫剂正在污染我们的河流。
4  HARM/BE BAD FORto have very harmful and unpleasant effects on someone’s mind, emotions, or a situation 毒害〔思想、情绪等〕，对…有不良的影响，危害
 Her childhood had been poisoned by an abusive stepfather.
她的童年被粗暴的继父毁掉了。
 The law will only serve to poison relations between the US and Mexico.
这条法律只会危害美国和墨西哥的关系。
 Television violence is poisoning the minds of young people.
电视暴力毒害着年轻人的思想。
► see thesaurus at spoil
5. poisoned chalice an important job that someone is given, which is likely to cause them a lot of trouble 金杯毒酒〔喻指可能给接受者带来很多麻烦的重要工作〕
—poisoner noun [countableC]
Examples from the Corpus
poison• The yeast must be pure, or the stars would be poisoned.• A small amount of lead paint can severely poison a child.• Our marriage was poisoned by mistrust, deceit and jealousy.• Seabirds are being poisoned by toxins in the water.• In a short time, his appointment has come to look like a poisoned chalice.• She plotted a new method to kill Snow White: with a poisoned comb.• For over a year, Jane fought against the cancer that had poisoned her blood.• Hill poisoned her husband and daughter for the insurance money.• He believed that somebody was trying to poison him.• Steven thought that someone had poisoned his food.• He sacrificed the end, doubtful in any case at that time, be-cause bad means would poison it.• Kendall believes that sex on TV is poisoning our children's minds.• It ventured forth only to kill cattle or flatten crops, poisoning the air with its fetid breath.• Chemical waste has poisoned the city's water supply.• She had already poisoned three members of her own family with arsenic.• When they toasted, she exchanged her cup for his, and he drained the poisoned wine.
poison somebody with something• Two of the victims had been poisoned with arsenic.
Origin poison1
(1200-1300) Old French “drink, poisonous drink, poison”, from Latin potio; → POTION
poi·son1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1poison2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL BNC: 5601 COCA: 5542
poison

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF POISON | VERB + POISON | POISON + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤potent, powerful, strong, virulent烈性／強效／作用很強的／有劇毒的毒藥▸➤deadly, lethal致命的毒藥➤pure (usually figurative) 有損無益的事物◇These words were pure poison to me.這些話對我有害無益。➤nerve, rat神經毒劑；滅鼠藥➤chemical化學毒物... OF POISON➤trace微量毒素VERB + POISON➤administer, give sb, inject下毒；給某人吃毒藥；注射毒品▸➤lace sth with, put in, put on在⋯裏摻毒藥◇She had laced his drink with poison.她在他的飲料中摻了毒藥。◇She had put poison in his wine.她在他的葡萄酒裏放了毒藥。➤spread (figurative) 傳播有害的思想◇groups that are spreading the poison of sectarianism傳播宗派主義毒素的團體➤put down (= put somewhere to kill animals) 投放毒藥◇The farmer had put down some rat poison.那個農夫投放了一些滅鼠藥。➤drink, swallow, take喝毒藥；吞下毒藥；服毒➤suck out吸出毒素◇He sucked most of the poison from the wound.他從傷口吸出了大部份毒素。POISON + NOUN➤gas, pill毒氣；毒丸▸➤arrow, dart毒箭；毒鏢
TOEFL BNC: 5601 COCA: 5542
poison verb
⇨ poison (poison sb's food) ⇨ influence (poison their minds)poison

noun

poison ♦︎ toxin ♦︎ venomThese are all words for substances that cause death or harm if they are swallowed or absorbed into the body. 这些词均表示毒药、毒素。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a powerful poison / toxin◆to contain poison / toxins◆to produce poison / toxins / venom◆poison / venom glands■ poison [countable, uncountable] a substance that causes death or harm if it is swallowed or absorbed into the body 毒药；毒物；毒素◆Some mushrooms contain a deadly poison.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。◆How did he die? Was it poison?他是怎么死的？是中毒吗？◆The dog was killed by rat poison (= poison intended to kill rats).狗被耗子药毒死了。◆poison gas毒气▸ poisonous

adjective

◆poisonous substances / chemicals / plants / snakes有毒物质／化学品／植物；毒蛇◆This gas is highly poisonous.这种气体毒性很大。■ toxin [countable] (formal or technical 术语) a poisonous substance, especially one that is produced by bacteria in plants and animals （尤指动植物体内细菌产生的）毒素◆The algae kills off plant and animal life and, in some cases, produces dangerous toxins.藻类会大量杀死生物体，并在某些情况下产生危险的毒素。▸ toxic

adjective

◆toxic chemicals / fumes / gases / substances有毒化学品／烟雾／气体／物质◆Many pesticides are highly toxic.许多杀虫剂毒性都很大。■ venom ˈvenəm [uncountable, countable] the poisonous liquid that some snakes, spiders, insects, etc., produce when they bite or sting you （毒蛇、蜘蛛、昆虫等分泌的）毒液◆Centipedes kill their prey by injecting venom into them with a large pair of fangs.蜈蚣杀死猎物的方法是用它那一对大尖牙把毒液注入猎物体内。◆Snake venoms work in several ways.蛇毒发作有多种方式。▸ venomous

adjective

◆venomous snakes毒蛇poison

verb

poison ♦︎ drug ♦︎ lace ♦︎ dopeThese words all mean to give sb poison, drugs or alcohol, often without them knowing it and in order to harm them. 这些词均表示毒害、下毒。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to poison / drug / lace / dope sb / sth with sth◆to poison / lace sb's drink■ poison [transitive] to harm or kill a person or animal by giving them poison; to put poison in or on sth 毒死；毒害；下毒◆He was accused of poisoning his wife.他被指控毒死了妻子。◆a poisoned arrow毒箭◆Someone had been poisoning his food.有人一直在他的食物里下毒。◆Large sections of the river have been poisoned by toxic waste from factories.大段大段的河流被工厂排出的有毒废弃物污染了。▸ poisoning

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆The police suspected poisoning.警方怀疑有人投毒。◆food / blood poisoning食物中毒；败血病◆At least 10 000 children are involved in accidental poisonings every year.每年至少有1万名儿童意外中毒。■ drug (-gg-) [transitive] to give a person or animal a drug, especially in order to make them unconscious or to affect their performance in a race or sport; to add a drug to sb's food or drink to make them unconscious or sleepy 使服麻醉药；使服兴奋剂（以影响比赛或运动表现）；在（食物或饮料中）投放麻醉药◆He was drugged and bundled into the back of the car.他被麻醉后塞入汽车后座。◆It is illegal to drug horses before a race.比赛前给马服用兴奋剂是违法的。◆Her drink must have been drugged.她的饮料里肯定被人下了麻醉药。   see also drug ⇨ drug noun 1 ■ lace [transitive] to add a small amount of alcohol, a drug or poison to drink or food 给（饮料或食物）掺（少量的酒、药或毒药）◆He had laced her milk with rum.他在她的牛奶里加了少量朗姆酒。■ dope [transitive] (rather informal) to drug a person or animal in order to make them unconscious or to affect their performance in a race or sport 使服麻醉药；使服兴奋剂（以影响比赛或运动表现）◆Thieves doped a guard dog and stole $10 000 worth of goods.小偷给看门狗投了麻醉药，偷走了价值1万元的商品。   see also dope ⇨ drug noun 1
TOEFL BNC: 5601 COCA: 5542

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