deep-seated ♦︎ deep-rooted ♦︎ entrenched ♦︎ rigid ♦︎ set ♦︎ ingrained ♦︎ inflexible ♦︎ fixedThese words all describe an idea or behaviour that is difficult to change.這些詞均形容觀點根深蒂固的、行爲不易改變的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆deep-seated / deep-rooted / entrenched / ingrained prejudices◆deep-seated / entrenched / rigid / ingrained / fixed beliefs◆deep-seated / entrenched / ingrained / inflexible attitudes◆entrenched / rigid / ingrained / fixed habits◆deep-seated / deep-rooted / entrenched problems◆a deep-seated / deep-rooted fear / hatred (of sb / sth)◆entrenched / rigid / set / fixed views / ideas◆deeply / firmly entrenched / set / ingrained■ˌdeep-ˈseated [usually before noun](of feelings, beliefs and problems) very fixed and strong; difficult to change, destroy or solve(感情、信念和問題)根深蒂固的,強烈的,堅定的◆Jealousy usually stems from a deep-seated fear of being rejected.忌妒源自一種根深蒂固的害怕受到排斥的心理。◆She had a deep-seated desire to be different from everybody else.她強烈希望自己能夠與衆不同。■ˌdeep-ˈrooted [usually before noun] deep-seated(感情、信念和問題)根深蒂固的,強烈的,堅定的◆Discrimination is a deep-rooted problem in our society.歧視在我們這個社會是個根深蒂固的問題。◆The country's political divisions are deep-rooted.這個國家的政治分歧根深蒂固。NOTE辨析 Deep-seated or deep-rooted?These words are very close in meaning and range. Deep-seated is often used to describe negative feelings or beliefs that may be difficult to examine because they are held so deeply.這兩個詞的含義和使用範圍非常接近。deep-seated常形容因植根於内心深處而不易察覺的負面情緒或信念◆They have a deep-seated hatred of the modern world.他們對當今世界懷有強烈的仇恨。Deep-rooted is slightly more positive and is often used for describing principles or practices that have become established in some way over time. * deep-rooted含義稍微正面一些,常形容長期以來形成的既定原則或做法◆The custom of sending a greeting in a card had become a deep-rooted tradition.寄賀卡的習俗已成爲一種根深蒂固的傳統。■entrenched ɪnˈtrentʃt (of attitudes or habits) established very firmly so that they are very difficult to change(態度或習慣)頑固的,固有的◆The challenge of combating and changing deeply entrenched attitudes is enormous.對抗和改變頑固的態度,這可是巨大的挑戰。■rigid ˈrɪdʒɪd (disapproving) (of attitudes or habits) that sb is not willing to change, especially when this is unreasonable(態度或習慣)固執的,僵化的,一成不變的◆Her rigid ideas and stern manner had frightened the children.她那固執的想法和嚴厲的態度把孩子們嚇壞了。■set(of attitudes or habits) not likely to change(態度或習慣)頑固的,固定的◆He had very set ideas of what he wanted.他對於想要的東西非常固執。◆As people get older, they get set in their ways.随着年齡的增長,人會變得積習成性。■ingrained ɪnˈgreɪnd (of attitudes or habits) that sb has had for a long time and that are therefore difficult to change(態度或習慣)根深蒂固的,日久難改的◆I have reached that age where I have started to question some of my ingrained prejudices.我已經到了開始會反省自己根深蒂固的成見的年齡。◆The belief that we should do our duty is deeply ingrained in most of us.盡職盡責的觀念深深積澱於我們大多數人心中。NOTE辨析 Entrenched or ingrained?Entrenched is used more to talk about the attitudes of a society or whole class of people; ingrained is used more to talk about the attitudes or habits of an individual person. * entrenched多形容一個社會或整個階層的態度,ingrained多形容個人的心態或習慣。■inflexible ɪnˈfleksəbl (disapproving) (of attitudes or systems) that cannot be changed or made more suitable for a particular situation(態度或體制)頑固的,死板的,僵化的◆The government has shown an increasingly inflexible attitude to dealing with the problem.政府對這個問題的處理態度越來越死硬。◆The rules are too inflexible to allow for human error.這些規定過於死板,不允許出現人爲的失誤。OPPflexible ⇨ flexible1■fixed(of ideas and wishes) held very firmly; not easily changed(想法或願望)執著的,不易改變的◆My parents had fixed ideas about what I should become.父母對我應該成爲怎樣的人已有定見。