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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 958 COCA: 803

lay

Word family
lay1 /leɪ/ verb   ley
1.the past tense of lie1 lie1的过去式
Examples from the Corpus
Related topics: Birds
lay2 ●●● S1 W2 verb (past tensepst and past participlepp laid /leɪd/)  
1 put SB/STH down 把某人/某物放下 [transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]PUT to put someone or something down carefully into a flat position 安放,放置 SYN place
 He laid his hand on my shoulder.
他把一只手搭在我的肩上。
 They laid a wreath at the place where so many people died.
他们在这么多人丧生的地方放了一个花圈。
 Lay the material flat on the table.
把布料平铺在桌上。
see thesaurus at put
2 lay bricks/carpet/concrete/cables etc PUTto put or fasten bricks, a carpet etc in the correct place, especially on the ground or floor 砌砖/铺地毯/铺水泥/铺设电缆等
 The carpet was laid last week.
地毯是上个星期铺的。
 The project involved laying an oil pipeline across the desert.
这个工程包括铺设一条穿越沙漠的输油管道。
Examples from the Corpus
3 bird/insect etc/昆虫等 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]HBB if a bird, insect etc lays eggs, it produces them from its body ();产()
 The flies lay their eggs on decaying meat.
苍蝇在腐肉上产卵。
 A cuckoo is able to lay in a range of different nests.
杜鹃能在许多个不同的鸟巢里下蛋。
4 table 餐桌 [transitiveT] British EnglishBrEDF to put the cloth, plates, knives, forks etc on a table, ready for a meal 摆放〔餐具〕 SYN set
 John was laying the table.
约翰正在摆放餐具。
 As she spoke, she was laying him a place at the table.
她一边说,一边给他在餐桌上摆放餐具。
5 lay the foundations/groundwork/base to provide the conditions that will make it possible for something to happen or be successful 打基础
lay the foundations/groundwork/base for
 Mandela helped lay the foundations for a new democratic South Africa.
曼德拉为建立新的民主南非打下了基础。
 It was an invention which laid the foundations of modern radio technology.
这一发明为现代无线电技术奠定了基础。
Examples from the Corpus
6 give information 提供信息 [transitiveT] formalACCUSE to make a statement, give information etc in an official or public way 提出,提交 SYN put
 Several proposals have been laid before the committee.
数项建议已提交委员会。
7 lay emphasis/stress on something EMPHASIZE formal to emphasize something because you believe it is very important 强调某事物
 a political philosophy that lays great stress on individual responsibility
着重强调个人责任的政治哲学
Examples from the Corpus
8 lay a hand/finger on somebody [usually in negatives] to touch someone with the intention of hurting them 对某人动手
 I swear I didn’t lay a finger on him.
我发誓我没有对他动过一根手指头。
 If you lay one hand on me, I’ll scream.
你要是碰我一下,我就要叫了。
Examples from the Corpus
9 lay something bare/open 
a) to show what something is really like, or stop hiding facts, feelings etc 使某事暴露
 Every aspect of their private life has been laid bare.
他们私生活的每一个方面都暴露无遗。
b) to remove the thing that is covering or hiding something else 使某物露出
 When the tide goes out, vast stretches of sand are laid bare.
潮水退去,露出大片大片的沙地。
Examples from the Corpus
10 lay somebody/something open to something RISKto do something that makes it possible for other people to blame you, criticize you etc 使某人/某物受到责备[批评]
lay yourself open to something
 By doing that, he laid himself open to ridicule.
他那么做招来了大家的嘲笑。
 Not to have taken action would have laid the department open to charges of negligence.
要是当初这个部门没有采取行动,肯定会招来玩忽职守罪的指控。
Examples from the Corpus
11 lay waste something  (also lay waste to something) formal to destroy or damage something, especially in a war 〔尤指战争中〕把某物摧毁[夷为平地]
12 lay plans/a trap etc PLANto carefully prepare all the details of something 制订计划/设圈套等
Examples from the Corpus
13 lay claim to (doing) something to say that something belongs to you or say that you deserve something 声称对某物的拥有权;声称有权做某事
Examples from the Corpus
14 lay siege to somebody/something 
Examples from the Corpus
15 HAVE SEX 发生性行为get laid informalSEX/HAVE SEX WITH to have sex with someone 性交
Examples from the Corpus
16. lie 平躺 [intransitiveI] spoken to be in a position in which you are flat – some people consider this use to be incorrect 平躺〔有些人认为此用法错误〕 SYN lie
17 risk money 赌钱 [transitiveT] especially British EnglishBrERISK to risk an amount of money on the result of a race, sports game etc 押〔赌注〕;用打赌 SYN bet
18 lay somebody/something on the line 
Examples from the Corpus
19 lay something at the door of somebody/something  (also lay something at somebody’s door) to blame something or someone for something 把某事归咎于某人/某事
20 lay somebody low 
Examples from the Corpus
21 lay somebody to rest formal to bury someone after they have died 安葬某人
Examples from the Corpus
22. lay the ghost (of something) GET RID OFto finally stop being worried or upset by something from the past 摆脱(某事的)阴影
Examples from the Corpus
lay your hands on something at hand1(18), → lay the blame on somebody/something at blame2, → put/lay your cards on the table at card1(13)
5GRAMMAR 语法: lay, lie
The verb lay always has an object, except in sense 3. Its basic meaning is ‘put something down on something’. 除义项3之外动词lay均需有一个宾语。 其基本义为放置(某物)”
She lays a silk cloth over the table.
她将一块真丝台布铺在桌上 。
The verb lie does not have an object. Its basic meaning is ‘be or get into a horizontal position somewhere’. 动词lie不带宾语。 其基本义为平放在某处
She was lying (NOT 不说 laying) on her back.
她仰卧着。
Lie down here for a while.
在这儿躺一会儿。
Lay is also the past tense of lie. lay也是lie的过去式
I lay on the bed and tried to relax.
我躺在床上,想放松一下。
The past tense of lay is laid. lay的过去式是 laid
She laid the baby on the bed.
她把宝宝放到床上。
nGRAMMAR: Comparison
lay
You lay something somewhere:
She lays a lace cloth over the table.
Don’t say: She lies a lace cloth over the table.
You lay someone somewhere:
Lay him down gently.
Lay is also the past tense of lie:
I lay on the bed.
Don’t say: I laid on the bed.
lie
Someone lies somewhere:
She was lying on her back.
Let’s just lie here for a while.
Don’t say:
She was laying on her back. | Let’s just lay here for a while.
The past tense of lie is laid:
She laid the baby in its cot.
Don’t say: She lay the baby in its cot.
PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
Related topics: Christianity
lay3 ●○○ adjectiveadj [only before noun]  
1
a) NOT KNOWnot trained or not knowing much about a particular profession or subject 非专业的,外行的 layman
 lay witnesses
普通证人,非专家证人
b) RRCRELIGIONnot in an official position in the church 非神职的,世俗的
 a lay preacher
俗世的传道人,平信徒传道人
Examples from the Corpus
Related topics: Literature
lay4 noun [countableC]  
1 the lay of the land 
Examples from the Corpus
2 the lay of something the appearance of something and where each part of it is 某事物的外部情况
Examples from the Corpus
3. be a good/quick/easy etc lay informalSEX/HAVE SEX WITH to be a good, quick etc person to have sex with 是个淫荡的人
Examples from the Corpus
4. literaryAL a poem or song 诗;歌
Examples from the Corpus
From Longman Business Dictionary
laylay /leɪ/ verb (past tensepst and past participlepp laid)
Origin lay3
(1300-1400) Old French lai, from Late Latin laicus, from Greek laikos of the people, from laos people
lay4
1. (1800-1900) LAY1
2. (1200-1300) Old French lai

See also: lie


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