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lie

Word family 
lie1 /laɪ/ ●●● S2 W1 verb (past tensepst lay /leɪ/, past participlepp lain /leɪn/, present participle lying, third person singular3rd lies)  
1  flat position 水平位置
a) [intransitiveI]HORIZONTAL to be in a position in which your body is flat on the floor, on a bed etc 躺，平卧
lie on/in etc
 He was lying on the bed smoking a cigarette.
他正躺在床上抽烟。
 Don’t lie in the sun for too long.
不要在日光下躺太长时间。
lie there
 For a few minutes he just lay there.
有几分钟时间他只是躺在那里。
lie still/awake etc
 She would lie awake worrying.
她会担忧得无法入睡。
 The dog was lying dead on the floor.
那只狗躺在地上死了。
b) (also lie down) [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]DOWN to put yourself in a position in which your body is flat on the floor or on a bed 躺下
lie on
 Lie flat on the floor.
平躺在地板上。
lie back
 She lay back against the pillows.
她躺下来，靠在枕头上。
c) [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]HORIZONTAL to be in a flat position on a surface 平放
lie on/in etc
 The papers were lying neatly on his desk.
文件整齐地摆放在他的桌上。
2  exist 存在 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]EXIST if a problem, an answer, blame etc lies somewhere, it is caused by, exists, or can be found in that thing, person, or situation 〔问题、答案、责任等〕存在，在于
fault/blame/responsibility lies with somebody
 Part of the blame must lie with social services.
社会服务机构肯定也有一部分责任。
the problem/answer etc lies with/in something
 The difficulty lies in providing sufficient evidence.
困难在于要提供足够的证据。
 The strength of the book lies in the fact that the material is from classroom experience.
这本书的优点是它取材于课堂经验。
herein/therein lies the problem/dilemma etc
 And herein lies the key to their achievements.
这是他们成功的关键所在。
3  place 地方 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]PLACE if a town, village, etc lies in a particular place, it is in that place 位于
 The town lies in a small wooded valley.
该城镇坐落于一个林木茂盛的山谷中。
 The Tasman Sea lies between Tasmania and Australia.
塔斯曼海位于塔斯马尼亚和澳大利亚之间。
4  future 将来 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]FUTURE if something lies ahead of you, lies in the future etc, it is going to happen to you in the future 将要发生
lie ahead
 How will we cope with the difficulties that lie ahead?
我们如何应付以后的困难呢？
lie before
 A blank and empty future lay before me.
我的未来是一片茫然和空白。
 I was wondering what lay in store for us.
我在想，等待着我们的会是什么呢？
5  condition 状态 [linking verb]BE to be in a particular state or condition 处于，保持〔某种状态〕
6  lie at the heart/centre/root of something MAINto be the most important part of something, especially the main cause of it 处在某事物的核心/是某事物的根基
Examples from the Corpus
lie at the heart/centre/root of something• That view lies at the root of a government drive against the racist right.• The creation of a modernised democracy therefore lies at the heart of all our proposals.• As we shall find, this distinction lies at the root of Anselm's movements in his last years as archbishop.• We found that two key resource uses and two basic technologies lay at the root of lunar industry.• That is the issue which lies at the heart of Mr. Thorpe's case.• That question appears to lie at the heart of the highly publicized battle raging between Hasbro Inc. and Mattel Inc.• They overlook the human ability to negate, which lies at the root of thinking.• Basic compassion, not just for the old but for the younger generation too, lies at the heart of this idea.
7  lie low 
Examples from the Corpus
lie low• Anne thought Nina had found a hiding place and was lying low.• But he knew something about lying low.• Find a place to lie low.• Mr Mitterrand, meanwhile, is lying low.• For the students it becomes a period of morbid hibernation, lying low and waiting out the years.• Weaver had been lying low at his sister's apartment for the past week.• But Phil will never miss his football, not even if he has to lie low for a couple of months.• Then we lay low for a while.• If you don't want to go back to jail, you'd better lie low for a while.• Brown seems to be lying low until the controversy passes.
8  lie in wait (for somebody) 
Examples from the Corpus
lie in wait (for somebody)• Life had always pulsated; death for ever lay in wait.• Some real bargains lie in wait amongst the never-ending maze of stalls.• He lay in wait for his father and wounded him terribly.• She lay in wait for pain, expecting no rewards from people, and this made her a hopelessly disconcerting friend.• There were pitched battles, so they lay in wait for you.• But who knows also the beauty which lies in wait hereabouts, which led Williams and Bingley to make the climb?• Everywhere, finally, social revolution lies in wait, showing its colours and sharpening its demands.• One month ago, each new day had lain in wait to ambush Gabriel: he had woken up cringing.
9  lie (in) second/third/fourth etc (place) British EnglishBrEBE to be in second, third etc position in a competition 〔在竞赛中〕名列第二/第三/第四等
Examples from the Corpus
lie (in) second/third/fourth etc (place)• After his win in Frankfurt on Sunday, he lies second in the series just behind Michel Robert.• Driving a Banbury prepared Prodrive Subaru, McRae now lies third in the championship.
10  lie heavy on somebody formalSAD/UNHAPPY if something lies heavy on you, it makes you feel unhappy 沉重地压在某人心头，使某人感到不安
Examples from the Corpus
lie heavy on somebody• The duties of leadership lay heavy on him.• Smoke lay heavy on the far side of the water, laced eerily with threads of light from the blaze.• The river, swollen and bloated, lay heavy on the sunken fields.
11  dead person 死者 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]MX if someone lies in a particular place, they are buried there 长眠
12. lie in state MXif an important person who has died lies in state, their body is put in a public place so that people can go and look at the body in order to show their respect for that person 〔重要人物的遗体〕停放于某处供瞻仰
Examples from the Corpus
lie in state• He lay on the marble slab in the centre of the tiny oblong chapel like a king lying in state.• He may as well have been lying in state.• Jane was fearful for a moment that Flopsy might be lying in state.• He lay in state, for ever disgraced.• President to lie in state while he was still alive.
→ let sleeping dogs lie at sleep1(7) PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
lie• The camera doesn't lie.• Public servants, like children with guns, learn to lie.• I looked at her face and just knew that she was lying.• Movie stars always lie about their age.• The children's clothes were lying all over the bedroom floor.• Almost every night I lie awake in bed worrying about my family.• When they found him, he was lying face down in a pool of blood.• Now, with the founder gone, these ominous flaws lay glaringly exposed.• The jelly cupboard was on its back, its contents lying in a heap in the corner of the bottom shelf.• I spent most of the morning lying in bed.• Now the town lay in ruins.• The immorality lies in the inherent wrongness of people deliberately killing other people.• Her packed suitcase was lying near the door.• It doesn't set out to lie, of course, but it sometimes succeeds.• The baby was lying on his back in his crib, perfectly content.• We were both lying on our backs, our heads on our clasped hands.• Libby switched off the light and lay on the couch, staring into the darkness.• She was dressed in a silk kimono and lying on the daybed when he went in.• Lie on the floor and put your legs in the air.• Several letters were lying on the table.• He lay on the track for five minutes before being rescued by two friends who were also out riding.• Frank was lying there flat on his back, snoring away.• "The witness was lying through his teeth, " said Davis, "and should be charged with perjury."• Don't lie to me! I know where you were last night.• Recent storms destroyed a wall that had lain undisturbed underwater for thousands of years.
lie on/in etc• The answer lies in a comparison between the conditions under which it worked before the war and works now.• The puzzle lay in his certainty that his feeling for her found an echo in her own feelings.• It was just lying on its poor back with its legs stuck up and a dreadfully resigned look on its dear face!• She was still lying on the carpet five minutes later when he left the apartment.• The first answer lies in the choice of books.• Since no Pareto gain is possible, every point such as C lying on the frontier must be Pareto-efficient.• Tim was lying on the sand, looking in the direction the man had gone.• The secret lies in those cryptic symbols that begin every web address.
fault/blame/responsibility lies with somebody• The Communist Party's paralysis is one factor, but the prime responsibility lies with Labour's manic political caution.• Labour spokesman David Oakenson says there's evidence to suggest the blame lies with Swindon Police.• Clients will resist carrying these costs if the fault lies with the accountant.• If the case is not progressing, then the fault lies with the auditor.• The real blame lies with the licence granted to employers by a statutory regime which stacks every deck in their favour.• I am afraid the blame lies with the saboteurs.• Where the fault lies with the structure of the job there is little point in blaming the holder of the job.
lie ahead• But remember, dangers lie ahead.• But that life was over now and a new one lay ahead.• Expectant parents should do their best to find time to talk with each other about what lies ahead.• Following the row between them, she had been frankly dreading the evening which had lain ahead.• Hillary is nothing if not aware of the pitfalls that lie ahead.• It is my first view of the road that lies ahead.• Obviously they had no idea what lay ahead after they had crossed the bridges and got close to the enemy positions.• Months of testing still lie ahead, with work being done at laboratories across the country.
lie empty/open/hidden etc• One result of globalization is the exposure of management inadequacies that have long lain hidden.• We had managed to enter Bahdu, had been accepted, and the road to Aussa lay open.• Today, as the pavilions lie empty and neglected, they look like ossified tents - silk turned to stone.• His part was to lie hidden here until the main body arrived, and all the household poured out to meet them.• Beyond, the coast of Shikoku lay hidden in mist.• The man lifted up the newspaper, which was lying open on the counter.• In dismay Paige realised that the atlas lay open to his inspection.• The army sent to meet this threat was decimated at Adrianople: the road to Rome now lay open to the barbarians.
lie2 ●●● S3 W3 verb (lied, lying, lies) [intransitiveI]  
1  LIE/TELL A LIEto deliberately tell someone something that is not true 说谎
2  UNTRUEif a picture, account etc lies, it does not show the true facts or the true situation 〔图片、叙述等〕造成假象，欺骗
n THESAURUS
lie/tell a lie to deliberately tell someone something that is not true
She had lied to protect her son.
Are you accusing me of telling lies?
fib verb [intransitiveI] informal to lie, especially about something that is not very important – used especially by children
Dan’s fibbing. I didn’t hit him.
make something up/invent something to invent a story, explanation etc in order to deceive someone
I didn’t want to go so I made up an excuse and said I was busy.
He invented the tale to prevent his parents from finding out the truth.
mislead verb [transitiveT] to make someone believe something that is not true by giving them false or incomplete information
The government misled the public over the war.
be economical with the truth to only tell someone part of the truth – often used when saying indirectly that someone is lying
He admitted that he had perhaps been economical with the truth.
perjure yourself/commit perjury to tell a lie in a court of law
He had perjured himself in court.
Witnesses will be prosecuted if they commit perjury.
Examples from the Corpus
lie• Public servants, like children with guns, learn to lie.• Now, with the founder gone, these ominous flaws lay glaringly exposed.• The jelly cupboard was on its back, its contents lying in a heap in the corner of the bottom shelf.• The immorality lies in the inherent wrongness of people deliberately killing other people.• It doesn't set out to lie, of course, but it sometimes succeeds.• We were both lying on our backs, our heads on our clasped hands.• She was dressed in a silk kimono and lying on the daybed when he went in.• He lay on the track for five minutes before being rescued by two friends who were also out riding.
lie about• I was pretty sure she was lying about where she was.
lie3 ●●● S3 noun  
1  [countableC]LIE/TELL A LIE something that you say or write that you know is untrue 谎言，假话
2  give the lie to something formalUNTRUE to show that something is untrue 揭穿某事物的谎言
Examples from the Corpus
give the lie to something• The Bomb gives the lie to the false Enlightenment doctrine of perpetual progress.• Does not that hostility to the charter give the lie to the Opposition parties' request for freedom of information?• The success of our manufactured exports gives the lie to the Opposition's portrayal of manufacturing.• The quatrain poems give the lie to that.• They posed for photographers at the star-studded show, giving the lie to rumours they had been separated for several weeks.• Their success gives the lie to predictions of the city's economic doom.• And the way Sir William treated him didn't give the lie to the notion.• A string of female rulers, from Boudicca to Margaret Thatcher, gives the lie to that idea.• Chicken's feet used to give the lie to my bravura claim to Eat Anything, so long as it was recently dead.
3  the lie of the land UNDERSTAND
4  (I) tell a lie British EnglishBrE spokenCORRECT used when you realize that something you have just said is not correct (我)说错了
Examples from the Corpus
(I) tell a lie• They fight viciously and tell lies to get each other into trouble.• However, telling lies to the police is assisting in the retention of stolen goods: Kanwar, above.• No, I tell a lie.• We can not tell a lie, so we confessed we were getting way too many.• For one thing, telling a lie is like eating peanuts.
→ live a lie at live1(16)
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
tell (somebody) a lie (对某人)说谎
He got into trouble for telling a lie.
他撒了个谎，惹下麻烦了。
believe a lie 相信谎言
How could you believe his lies?
你怎么会听信他的谎言？
spread lies (=tell them to a lot of people) 散布谎言
How dare you spread such vicious lies?
你怎么胆敢散布如此恶毒的谎言？
adjectives
a complete/total/outright lie (=something that is completely untrue) 彻底的/完全的谎言
Of course the whole thing was a complete lie.
那整件事当然完全是一派谎言。
nShe didn't want to tell her mother an outright lie.
a white lie (=a small lie that you tell someone for good reasons, for example to avoid hurting their feelings) 善意的小谎言
We all have to tell white lies sometimes.
有时候我们都得说一些善意的小谎言。
a downright lie (=used when something is clearly a lie, especially when you feel annoyed) 十足的谎言〔尤用于表示愤怒〕
That’s a downright lie. I never said any such thing!
那是彻头彻尾的谎言。 我从没说过这样的话！
a vicious lie (=one that is very unkind and very untrue) 恶毒的谎言
nHe told the court that it was a vicious lie from beginning to end.
a blatant lie (=an obvious lie) 露骨的谎言
nHe felt sure Adams was not convinced by such blatant lies.
a barefaced lie British EnglishBrE, a bald-faced lie American EnglishAmE (=an obvious lie that is told with no sense of shame) 厚颜无耻的谎言
nHow can you stand there and tell me such a barefaced lie?
an elaborate lie 精心编织的谎言
nHer parents didn’t realise that it was all an elaborate lie.
a big lie 弥天大谎
nThe lawyer said it was a ‘big lie’ that Jones had not received the message.
phrases
a pack of lies informal (also a tissue of lies British EnglishBrE formal) (=a lot of lies) 一派谎言，谎话连篇
Everything he had told me was a pack of lies.
他告诉我的一切都是一派谎言。
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘say a lie’. Say tell a lie.
不要说 ‘say a lie’. 而要说 tell a lie.
n THESAURUS
lie noun [countableC] something you say or write that you know is untrue
Would you tell lies to protect a friend?
The allegation is a complete lie.
white lie noun [countableC] informal a lie that you tell to avoid upsetting someone
We all tell white lies sometimes.
fib noun [countableC] informal a lie, especially about something that is not very important – used especially by children
Have you been telling fibs?
porky noun [countableC usually plural] British EnglishBrE informal a lie – a very informal use
He’s been telling porkies again.
falsehood noun [countableC] formal a statement that is not true, especially one that is intended to give people the wrong idea about someone or something
He described the allegations as malicious falsehoods.
untruth noun [countableC] formal a lie – used especially when you want to avoid saying the word lie
Some workers go off and tell untruths about the organisations for which they are working.
fabrication noun [countableC, uncountableU] formal a story or claim that someone has invented in order to deceive someone, or the act of doing this
The claim was described as a fabrication by the police prosecutor.
He dismissed the charges as pure fabrication.
libel noun [uncountableU] law the crime of writing lies that could make people have a bad opinion of someone, especially in a newspaper or magazine
She sued the newspaper for libel.
libel laws
slander noun [countableC, uncountableU] law the crime of speaking lies that could make people have a bad opinion of someone, or an untrue statement which does this
He’s threatening to sue them for slander.
a slander on the good name of the company
Linking his name to terrorism was a slander.
Examples from the Corpus
lie• That would be a bit of a lie.• Jim said that he was planning to stay home and watch TV, but I knew it was a lie.• Jean Cocteau said that history is facts which become lies and that legends are lies which become history.• Davenport said the congressman's allegations were nothing more than "downright lies".• Otherwise, it would sound like some kind of weird, fawning lie.• He called the report "a pack of lies".• And yet parents press children to be truthful, admonishing against wild stories and silly lies.• How can the newspapers print all these lies about her?• But she was afraid that some evil tongue might poison me with lies ...
lie1 verb →PHRASAL VERBS1lie2 verb →n THESAURUS1lie3 noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
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