1control by one company由一家公司控制ADJECTIVE | VERB + MONOPOLY | MONOPOLY + NOUN | PREPOSITIONADJECTIVE➤effective, near, virtual有效的/近乎/實質上的壟斷▸➤absolute, total完全的壟斷▸➤government, state政府壟斷;國家專營▸➤local, national地方的/全國範圍的壟斷➤natural自然壟斷◇Water is a natural monopoly.供水是自然壟斷行業。VERB + MONOPOLY➤enjoy, exercise, have, hold享有專營權;實行壟斷;居於壟斷地位◇The company has a virtual monopoly in world markets.這家公司實際上壟斷着國際市場。➤create, establish, gain, get, secure, set up建立壟斷地位;獲得專營權▸➤keep, maintain, preserve, retain保持壟斷地位;維持壟斷地位▸➤lose失去壟斷地位▸➤give sb, grant sb給予某人專營權▸➤challenge挑戰壟斷地位◇companies who are challenging the state monopolies挑戰國家壟斷地位的那些公司➤break, break up, end打破壟斷;結束壟斷◇attempts to break the company's monopoly of the sugar industry打破該公司在食糖業壟斷地位的種種努力MONOPOLY + NOUN➤position壟斷地位◇The company was able to exploit its monopoly position.這家公司得以利用其壟斷地位。➤control, power壟斷控制/勢力◇The company used its monopoly control to charge exorbitant fees.該公司利用其壟斷控制地位收取奇高的費用。PREPOSITION➤monopoly in在⋯方面的壟斷◇They created a monopoly in the export of wool.他們壟斷了羊毛出口。➤monopoly of⋯的壟斷◇One company holds a monopoly of the raw materials.一家公司壟斷着原材料。➤monopoly on⋯上的壟斷◇The company lost its monopoly on exporting beer to India.這家公司失去了向印度出口啤酒的專營權。➤monopoly over對於⋯的壟斷◇They will fight to maintain their monopoly over local bus services.他們會拚命維護在當地公交行業的壟斷地位。monopoly
noun²
2organization組織ADJECTIVE➤public, state, state-controlled, state-owned國家壟斷組織;國有壟斷組織◇the privatization of state-owned monopolies such as the gas and electricity industries煤氣、電力等國有壟斷行業的私有化➤giant, powerful壟斷巨頭;勢力強大的壟斷組織▸➤private私人壟斷組織▸➤statutory合法的壟斷組織➤gas, oil天然氣/原油壟斷企業◇the giant gas monopoly Gazprom天然氣壟斷巨頭俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司➤media媒體壟斷組織◇It was one of the first new-media companies to take on Latin America's media monopolies.那是首先向拉丁美洲媒體壟斷巨頭發起挑戰的新媒體公司之一。
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