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IELTS BNC: 2726 COCA: 3391

related

Word family 
re·lat·ed /rɪˈleɪtɪd/ ●●● S2 W3 adjectiveadj
1  CONNECTED WITHthings that are related are connected in some way 有關系的，有聯系的，相關的
Police now believe that the three crimes could be related.
目前警方認爲三宗案件可能互相關聯。
the problem of drug abuse and other related issues
濫用毒品問題以及其他相關問題
related to
He suffers with memory loss related to his disease.
他因病喪失了記憶。
closely/directly/strongly etc related
Education levels are strongly related to income.
教育程度和收入有很大的關系。
drug-/pollution-/stress-related etc
people suffering from tobacco-related illnesses
患有與抽煙有關的疾病的人
2  [not before noun]FAMILY connected by a family relationship 有親戚關系的
Are you two related?
你們兩個是親戚嗎？
related to
I might be related to him.
我和他可能有親戚關系。
3  CONNECTED WITHanimals, plants, languages etc that are related belong to the same group 〔動植物、語言等〕同類的，同族的，同系的
Dolphins and porpoises are closely related.
海豚和鼠海豚是近親。
n COLLOCATIONS
adverbs
closely related
I want to focus on a small number of closely related questions.
strongly related
People’s occupations are strongly related to their level of education.
intimately related (=very closely related)
Learning to read and learning to write are intimately related.
directly/indirectly related
illnesses which are directly related to poverty
loosely related (=not closely related)
a series of loosely related ideas
inversely related technical (=related so that when one is large, the other is small)
The demand for bank lending is inversely related to the rate of interest charged.
 THESAURUS
related/connected adjectiveadj used about things that have a connection with each other. Connected is not used before a noun 有聯系的，相關的〔connected不用於名詞前〕
Physics and Maths are closely related.
物理和數學密切相關。
The two problems are connected.
這兩個問題有關聯。
homelessness and other related issues
無家可歸現象及與之相關的問題
linked adjectiveadj having a direct connection – often used when one thing is the cause of the other 直接相關的〔常指一事爲另一事的原因〕
Skin cancer is directly linked to sun exposure and damage.
皮膚癌與日曬和曬傷直接相關。
Two closely linked factors produced this result.
兩個密切相關的因素造成這一結果。
interrelated/interconnected adjectiveadj used about two or more things that are connected with each other and affect each other in a complicated series of ways 互相關聯的；互相影響的
The various parts of society are closely interrelated.
社會各部分緊密關聯。
The book consists of a series of interconnected essays.
書中收錄一系列彼此相關的文章。
interdependent used about two or more things, countries, people etc that depend on each other, and cannot exist or continue without each other 相互依存的
The two countries’ economies have become increasingly interdependent.
兩國經濟越來越相互依存。
interdependent relationships between species
物種間相互依存的關系
nDarwin said that all life on Earth is interdependent.
relevant adjectiveadj related to what is being discussed or to a particular area of activity 有關的，切題的
The exam tests the way you select and organize information relevant to the question.
此項測試考察你對與問題相關信息的選擇和編排方法。
Applicants should have several years’ relevant experience.
申請者應當擁有數年相關經驗。
be bound up with something to be very closely connected – used about two things that need to be considered together 與某事物密切關聯〔用於需同時考慮的兩個事物〕
The history of the city has long been bound up with the sea.
這座城市的歷史長期以來都與大海密切相關。
Your professional development is closely bound up with personal growth.
職業發展與個人成長密切關聯。
Examples from the Corpus
related• Each attribute or set of related attributes is stored in its own file.• The nature of these indicators, and related concepts of efficiency, effectiveness and economy have been the focus of much debate.• Applicants must hold a degree in accounting or a related field.• The argument that size and security are related has taken two forms.• We provide professionally based practical home care to men, women and children who are ill at home with HIV/AIDS related illness.• A related issue concerns empirical methodology.• Complications occur, however, in up to 46% of patients and the procedure related mortality is about 1-2%.• Some sceptical arguments attack the notion of knowledge directly but leave other related notions, crucially that of justified belief, untouched.
related to• Fox writes about how culture is related to art.• Is Connie related to him?
From Longman Business Dictionary
relatedre·lat·ed /rɪˈleɪtɪd/ adjectiveadj
directly connected with or affected by something
The drop in sales was related to the end of a tax break on new cars.
The company agreed to sell its real estate business and other related assets.
Stocks were hit by earnings-related selling.

See also: relate

IELTS BNC: 2726 COCA: 3391
related

adjective¹

 1connected有聯繫VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITION VERBS➤be, seem有關；好像有關ADVERB➤closely, integrally, intimately, strongly緊密相關；一體相關；密切相關◇The two ideas are very closely related.這兩種觀點緊密相關。➤significantly有重要關係◇Scores in the test were not significantly related to gender.這項測試的分數與性別沒有太大關聯。➤inextricably緊密相連▸➤loosely聯繫鬆散▸➤not necessarily不一定相關➤not remotely毫無關係◇What she was reading was not remotely related to her work.她讀的東西與她的工作毫不相關。➤largely有很大關係▸➤partly部份相關▸➤directly, linearly直接／線性相關▸➤indirectly, tangentially間接／略微相關◇Tax rates were indirectly related to income.稅率與收入有間接關係。➤specifically有特定關係的➤positively正相關的▸➤inversely, negatively負向關係的；負相關的◇The traditional approach has tended to regard unemployment and inflation as being inversely related.傳統觀點傾向於認為失業與通貨膨脹成反比關係。➤apparently顯然有聯繫▸➤clearly, obviously有明確的關係；顯然有關係▸➤causally, contextually, functionally, logically, structurally, thematically有因果關係的；有上下文關係的；功能相關的；邏輯相關的；結構相關的； 主題相關的◇Is unemployment causally related to crime?失業與犯罪有因果關係嗎？PREPOSITION➤to與⋯有關◇The occurrence of the disease is apparently related to standards of hygiene.這種病的發生率顯然與衞生狀況相關。
related

adjective²

 2of the same family同一家族VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITION VERBS➤be是親屬關係ADVERB➤closely近親▸➤distantly遠親▸➤biologically, evolutionarily, genetically有親緣關係◇All the bees in the colony are genetically related.同一群體的蜜蜂都有親緣關係。PREPOSITION➤to與⋯是親戚◇He claims to be distantly related to the British royal family.他聲稱自己與英國王室是遠親。
IELTS BNC: 2726 COCA: 3391
related related ♦︎ associated ♦︎ resulting ♦︎ attendant ♦︎ consequent ♦︎ ensuing ♦︎ resultant ♦︎ connectedThese words all describe two things that are connected in some way. 這些詞均表示相關的、有聯系的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆associated / connected with sth◆attendant / consequent on / upon sth◆related / associated / resulting / attendant / consequent / ensuing / resultant problems / changes◆a related / an associated / a resulting / a consequent / a resultant increase◆related / associated / attendant / consequent / resultant costs / effects◆an associated / a resulting / a consequent / the ensuing / a resultant loss◆an associated / a resulting / a consequent reduction◆associated / attendant / consequent risks◆closely related / associated / connected■ related connected with sb/sth in some way 相關的；有聯系的◆Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.這一地區的許多犯罪都與吸毒有關。◆These two problems are closely related.這兩個問題密切相關。◆He was suffering from a stress-related illness.他患有壓力導致的疾病。OPP unrelated ⇨ independent ■ associated (rather formal, especially business 尤用於商業) connected with sb/sth because the two things often happen or exist together or because one thing causes the other （因兩件事常同時發生或存在，或因一事導致另一事發生）有關聯的，相關的◆Salaries and associated costs have risen substantially.薪金與相關成本大大增加。◆Young people need to be made aware of the risks associated with taking drugs.得讓年輕人了解吸毒相關的危險。NOTE 辨析 Related or associated? Related is a more general word than associated and often describes more general things. * related比associated含義更廣，常修飾更爲籠統的事物◆a related issue / question / problem / field / area / subject / matter / theme相關的議題／問題／難題／領域／範圍／題目／事情／主題 Associated is used especially in business contexts and to talk about risks. * associated尤用於商務語境，修飾risk◆the risks related to taking drugs ■ resulting (especially of a loss or change in sth) happening as a result of sth （尤指損失或變化）作爲結果的，因而發生的◆The major problem here is soil erosion and the resulting loss in crop productivity.這裏的主要問題是水土流失以及由此造成的作物減産。◆The benefits would include greater publicity and the resulting increase in funding.好處包括更多的媒體關注，資金也會因此增多。   see also result ⇨ result noun , result ⇨ follow verb 2 , result in sth ⇨ cause verb ■ attendant əˈtendənt [usually before noun] (formal) happening as an effect of sth even bigger or more important that is happening at the same time 伴随的；随之而來的◆She wanted to avoid the awards ceremony and all its attendant publicity.她希望避開頒獎典禮和所有随之而來的媒體曝光。◆We had all the usual problems attendant upon starting a new business.我們遇到了創業時通常會出現的所有問題。■ consequent ˈkɒnsɪkwənt ( less frequent consequential ˌkɒnsɪˈkwenʃl; NAmE ˌkɑːnsəˈkwenʃl) (rather formal) (especially of a loss or change in sth that may cause problems) happening as a result of sth （尤指損失或變化）作爲結果的，因而發生的◆the lowering of taxes and the consequent increase in spending減稅與由此帶動的消費增長◆the responsibilities consequent upon the arrival of a new child新生兒出世後随之而來的職責   see also consequence ⇨ result noun ▸ consequently

adverb

◆ (rather formal, written) She failed her exams and was consequently unable to start her studies at college.她考試不及格，因此無法進入大學學習。■ ensuing ɪnˈsjuːɪŋ; NAmE ɪnˈsuːɪŋ(especially of a fight, struggle or confused situation) caused by the thing that happened immediately before; (of a period of time) following sth that has just been mentioned （尤指打鬥、搏鬥或混亂的情況）緊接着發生的；（一段時間）随後的，接着的◆He had become separated from his parents in the ensuing panic.在随後的慌亂中他與父母失散了。◆He married in 1782, and in the ensuing years produced a wealth of new music.他1782年結婚，並在随後的幾年裏創作了一大批新的音樂作品。ⓘ Ensuing often describes a measurement of time such as weeks, months or years. * ensuing常用來表示接下來的一段時間，如幾個星期、幾個月或幾年。   see also ensue ⇨ follow 2 ■ resultant rɪˈzʌltənt [only before noun] (formal) resulting 作爲結果的；因而發生的◆We deplore the use of force and the resultant loss of life.我們譴責使用武力和由此造成的生命損失。◆the growing economic crisis and resultant unemployment不斷加劇的經濟危機以及由此帶來的失業問題   see also result ⇨ result noun , result ⇨ follow verb 2 , result in sth ⇨ cause verb NOTE 辨析 Resulting, consequent or resultant?In many cases you can use any of these words, especially to describe a loss or change in sth. 在許多情況下這些詞可以通用，尤用於描述事物的損失或變化◆the war and the resulting / consequent / resultant loss of life戰爭以及由此造成的人命損失◆lower taxation and the resulting / consequent / resultant increase in spending減稅與由此帶動的消費增長 Resulting and resultant can also be used to talk about the result of a process. * resulting和resultant亦可用於談論某個過程的結果◆The resulting product will be marketed by IBM.最終産品將由IBM推向市場。◆The resultant chemical structure is flexible.由此産生的化學結構比較靈活多變。◆the consequent product/structure Resulting and resultant can be used to talk about good or bad results; consequent is usually used to talk about results that cause problems in some way. Resultant is more formal and less frequent than resulting. * resulting和resultant可用於談論好或壞的結果；consequent通常用於談論在某種程度上造成問題的結果。resultant比resulting正式且較不常用。 ■ connected (of facts and events) having a connection with sth; having a connection with each other （事實和事件）與⋯有聯系的；相互有關聯的◆Do these sentences describe a connected sequence of events?這些句子描述的是一系列關聯事件嗎？ OPP unconnected ⇨ independent
IELTS BNC: 2726 COCA: 3391

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