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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 956 COCA: 640

campaign

Word family 
cam·paign1 /kæmˈpeɪn/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun [countableC]  
1  TRY TO DO OR GET somethinga series of actions intended to achieve a particular result relating to politics or business, or a social improvement 〔为取得某种结果而进行的政治、商业或社会性的〕运动；（宣传）活动
n an advertising campaign
campaign for/against
 a campaign for equal rights
争取平等权利的运动
 Jones ran a good campaign.
琼斯的活动搞得很成功。
 Police have launched a campaign to crack down on drug dealers.
警方发起了一场严厉打击毒贩的运动。
2. FIGHT FOR OR AGAINST somethinga series of battles, attacks etc intended to achieve a particular result in a war 战役
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
launch/mount a campaign (=begin a campaign) 发起运动
They have launched a campaign to end world poverty.
他们发起了一场旨在结束世界贫困的运动。
run/wage/conduct a campaign (=carry out a campaign) 开展运动
He ran an aggressive campaign.
他举办了一场声势浩大的运动。
lead a campaign 领导运动
The government is leading a ‘walk to school’ campaign.
政府正领头发起“步行上学”的运动。
spearhead a campaign (=lead it – used especially in news reports) 领导运动〔尤用于新闻报道〕
nThe campaign was spearheaded by the Students’ Union.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + campaign
a national/nationwide campaign 全国性运动
The walk was part of a national campaign to raise £900,000.
这次义走是90万英镑全国性募捐活动的一部分。
a worldwide/global/international campaign 全世界/全球/国际性运动
a worldwide campaign for peace
全球性的和平运动
an advertising/marketing/sales campaign 广告活动/市场营销活动/促销活动
The store ran a television advertising campaign just before Christmas.
就在圣诞节之前，这家商店搞了一个电视广告活动。
a publicity campaign (=to tell the public about something) 宣传活动
The interview was the start of a publicity campaign for his new book.
这次访谈是他新书宣传活动的开始。
an election/electoral campaign 竞选活动
He was a candidate in the 2008 election campaign.
他是2008年竞选活动中的候选人。
a presidential campaign 总统竞选活动
nObama’s presidential campaign
a political campaign 政治活动
nShe was involved in many political campaigns.
a media/press campaign 媒体宣传活动
nThe government spent thousands of pounds on a media campaign.
a fundraising campaign (=to get money for something) 筹款活动
nThe church is launching a £50,000 fundraising campaign for the renovation work.
an anti-smoking/anti-bullying etc campaign 反吸烟/反欺凌等活动
nHow effective has the anti-smoking campaign been?
a smear campaign (=in which unpleasant or untrue stories are spread about an important person) 诬蔑运动
nHe claims he was the victim of a smear campaign.
a long campaign 长期的运动
nHer father fought a long campaign for an investigation to be held.
an effective/successful campaign 有效/成功的活动
nThe Conservatives failed to mount an effective campaign.
a strong campaign (=forceful and effective) 声势强的运动
nThe car was the subject of a strong advertising campaign.
na determined campaign
His wife waged a determined campaign for his release.
na vicious campaign (=very unpleasant and designed to attack someone)
The state had conducted a vicious campaign of misinformation and propaganda.
a deliberate/concerted campaign (=done by people in a determined way) 蓄意而为的运动
nThere was a concerted campaign to attract more women into the armed forces.
an orchestrated campaign disapproving (=organized secretly to make political events happen in the way you want) 精心的图谋
nThis resulted in an orchestrated campaign of civil disorder.
na sustained campaign (=lasting a long time)
The organization has mounted a sustained campaign against the killing of endangered species.
campaign + NOUN
campaign funds/money 活动资金
He was found guilty of using campaign funds illegally.
他被判犯有非法挪用活动资金罪。
a campaign manager (=for a political campaign) 活动策划人
She’s a campaign manager for Amnesty International.
她是“大赦国际”的活动策划人。
the campaign trail (=the places someone visits as part of their election campaign) 竞选之旅
nIowa was the first stop on the presidential campaign trail.
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘make a campaign’. Say launch a campaign.
不要说 ‘make a campaign’. 而要说 launch a campaign.
Examples from the Corpus
campaign• During his years as a human rights campaigner he was arrested seven times.• Environmental groups launched a campaign against the widespread production of genetically modified crops.• Motoring organizations have started a campaign for safer roads in the area.• The company has launched an advertising campaign in the hope of attracting new customers.• The company has spent over £50 million on its latest advertising campaign.• The government does not want this kind of bad publicity in the middle of an election campaign.• Skinner was also given responsibility for liaising closely with the troika at the apex of Bush's re-election campaign.• the governor's election campaign• All kinds of extravagant promises were made during the election campaign.• At home, Edna was in her final campaign against Jane Ming-li, who continued to defy the new order.• No one asked me about follow up phone calls made to me by their offices, standard procedures for campaigns.• Richards and his team have already started planning his campaign for election as party leader.• Hopefully in the future it will become standard public relations practice to use research to measure the results or achievements of campaigns.• Voters report that they learn more about presidential candidates from the nationally-televised debates than from any other campaign event.• The same anti-fashion pose will soon be used on other campaign themes.• Our campaign against drug abuse is supported by the medical profession.• The government's campaign to recruit more black police officers has not been a success.• Throughout the campaign, Baldwin looked the most likely to win.• the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament• the campaign for prison reform• The team also launched its season-ticket campaign by making brochures available to fans.• Clark's vigorous campaign against the dumping of nuclear waste will continue.
campaign for/against• a campaign against the death penalty• City hall staffers said the mayor is busy campaigning for re-election and did not have time to discuss the park proposal.• Peter Melchett and I have been involved in environmental campaigning for a very long time.• Amnesty International has long campaigned against flogging for whatever crime.• Ronald Reagan, campaigning for the presidency, denounced the treaty.• Rosellini campaigned hard against the measure to cut welfare benefits.• A congressional observer recalled that during the campaign for former Oregon Sen.• But his more immediate task is to convince the left to campaign for him.• They also suspect that the move against wolves is part of a wider campaign against predators.
campaign2 ●●○ verb [intransitiveI]  
TRY TO DO OR GET somethingto lead or take part in a series of actions intended to achieve a particular social or political result 发起运动；参加活动〔旨在达到某种社会或政治结果〕
campaign for/against
 a group campaigning against the destruction of the rain forests
发起运动反对破坏热带雨林的团体
Examples from the Corpus
campaign• Most fundamentalist churches disapprove of homosexuals, and many leaders of the religious right have aggressively campaigned against gay rights.• Or the business interests that provide campaign cash and are more philosophically in tune with the congressional leadership?• Women campaigned for equal pay and equal rights throughout the 1960s.• Just possibly, the politicians might begin debating that as they campaign for November's mayoral election.• The Prime Minister will be campaigning in Scotland next week.• After months of campaigning, local parents have persuaded the council to provide a school bus service.• While Dole has been campaigning more aggressively lately, so has the Clinton camp.• I believe we should support responsible organisations campaigning on behalf of animals for two reasons: 1.• That, as pressure groups, they are free to campaign openly for the changes, Mrs Whitehouse accepted.• He was one of the people who campaigned to change the law on homosexuality.• Drivers like Yvonne have campaigned to change the law.
campaign for/against• Peter Melchett and I have been involved in environmental campaigning for a very long time.• Amnesty International has long campaigned against flogging for whatever crime.• A congressional observer recalled that during the campaign for former Oregon Sen.• But his more immediate task is to convince the left to campaign for him.• They also suspect that the move against wolves is part of a wider campaign against predators.• City hall staffers said the mayor is busy campaigning for re-election and did not have time to discuss the park proposal.• Ronald Reagan, campaigning for the presidency, denounced the treaty.
From Longman Business Dictionary
campaigncam·paign /kæmˈpeɪn/ noun [countableC]
a planned series of actions that are intended to achieve something or persuade people to do something
The charity has launched a campaign to end the trade in rhinoceros products.
campaign for/against
the miners’ campaign against pit closures
a campaign to do something
a campaign to convince investors that Swindon is the most desirable business site in the world
→ advertising campaign → drip campaign → sales campaign
Origin campaign1
(1600-1700) French campagne, from Italian campagna “level country, campaign”, from Late Latin campania “level country”, from Latin campus ( → CAMP1); because soldiers went out into the country for military exercises
cam·paign1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1campaign2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 956 COCA: 640
campaign

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + CAMPAIGN | CAMPAIGN + VERB | CAMPAIGN + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤big, huge, major, massive重大的運動；大規模的運動▸➤lengthy, long, long-running, ongoing, sustained (especially BrE) 長期的運動；持久的運動▸➤effective, successful有效的／成功的運動▸➤unsuccessful不成功的運動▸➤aggressive, determined, intensive, strong, vigorous咄咄逼人的／堅定的／緊鑼密鼓的／強有力的／生氣勃勃的宣傳活動▸➤bitter, fierce, vicious艱苦的／激烈的／兇險的戰役▸➤concerted, orchestrated共同籌劃商定的／精心組織的活動◇a carefully orchestrated campaign against striking workers周密策劃的對付罷工工人的行動➤joint聯合行動▸➤official, public官方／公開活動▸➤international, local, national, nationwide, worldwide世界範圍的運動；本地的運動；全國範圍的運動▸➤one-man, one-woman, personal單槍匹馬的活動◇She has fought a one-woman campaign for ten years about the lack of childcare provision in the town.她 10 年來孤軍奮戰，致力於改善該鎮缺少兒童保育服務的狀況。➤grass-roots群眾運動◇They began a grass-roots campaign to encourage people to shop locally.他們開展群眾運動，鼓勵人們購買本地產品。➤congressional, election, electoral, gubernatorial, leadership, political, presidential, primary, re-election, referendum (especially BrE) 國會競選活動；競選運動；州長競選活動；推選領導班子的活動；政治運動；總統競選活動；初選活動；爭取連任的競選活動；全民投票活動➤Conservative, Democratic, Labour, Republican, etc.保守黨、民主黨、工黨、共和黨等的競選活動▸➤ad (informal) , advertising, branding, marketing, promotional, sales廣告宣傳活動；品牌推廣活動；市場營銷活動；促銷活動；降價銷售活動▸➤PR, propaganda, publicity, public relations公關活動；宣傳活動▸➤media, poster, press, print, television, TV媒體宣傳活動；海報宣傳活動；新聞界宣傳活動；出版宣傳活動；電視宣傳活動▸➤anti-corruption, anti-drug, anti-smoking, etc.反腐敗、禁毒、反吸煙等運動▸➤protest抗議活動▸➤awareness增強⋯意識的活動◇a health awareness campaign to promote a healthy lifestyle為推廣健康生活方式而進行的增強健康意識的活動➤lobbying游說活動▸➤fund-raising籌款活動➤letter-writing寫聯名信的活動◇Local people started a petition and letter-writing campaign to keep the hospital open.為讓醫院不關門，當地民眾發起請願和寫聯名信的活動。➤literacy掃盲運動▸➤recruitment招募活動▸➤air, bombing, guerrilla, military空襲行動；爆炸行動；游擊運動；軍事行動◇the terrorists' bombing campaign恐怖分子的爆炸行動➤hate, terror, terrorist詆譭名譽的行為；恐怖活動▸➤dirty tricks, disinformation, smear, whispering採取舞弊手段的競選活動；譭謗活動；造謠中傷活動◇Her political opponents ran a whispering campaign against her.她的政敵對她發動了謠言攻勢。VERB + CAMPAIGN➤begin, initiate, launch, mount, start, unveil發起活動；開展活動；推出活動；為活動揭幕◇The company launched a huge advertising campaign.該公司發起了一場聲勢浩大的廣告宣傳活動。➤conduct, execute, fight, run, undertake, wage進行活動；組織活動；發起運動◇People have criticized the way in which she conducted her election campaign.人們對她進行競選活動的方式進行了批評。➤coordinate, manage, orchestrate, organize, plan協調／駕馭／精心策劃／組織／計劃活動▸➤lead, spearhead領導活動◇She led a successful campaign against the closure of the library.她成功地領導了反對關閉圖書館的活動。➤create, design創建／籌劃活動◇We designed an Internet marketing campaign.我們策劃了一次因特網營銷活動。➤join, support, take part in參加／支持／參與活動➤finance, fund, sponsor資助活動；為活動提供資金；贊助活動◇The anti-fur organization financed an ad campaign featuring celebrities.反皮草組織資助了一個以名人為主打內容的廣告宣傳活動。➤intensify, step up加強活動；將活動升級◇The government has intensified the military campaign against the rebels.政府加強了對叛亂者的軍事攻勢。CAMPAIGN + VERB➤begin, get underway, start運動開始進行◇The general election campaign gets underway today.大選活動今天開始進行。➤unfold活動展開▸➤be aimed at sb/sth, focus on sb/sth, target sb/sth活動旨在⋯／聚焦於⋯／以⋯為目標◇a concerted campaign aimed at educating young people about the dangers of drugs旨在教育年輕人毒品有害的聯合行動➤aim to do sth, be designed to do sth活動的宗旨在於做⋯／目的在於做⋯◇The campaign aims to inform the public of the dangers of this disease.該活動旨在讓公眾瞭解這種疾病的危險。➤call for sth, demand sth活動要求⋯➤feature sb/sth活動展示⋯◇The campaign featured athletes talking about healthy lifestyles.該宣傳活動以運動員談論健康生活方式為主要內容。➤advertise sth, tout sth (especially NAmE) 活動為⋯做廣告／推銷⋯▸➤fail, succeed活動失敗／成功◇The campaign failed to achieve its objectives.這場運動未能達到其目的。CAMPAIGN + NOUN➤aide, manager, staffer, strategist, team競選助理／主管／參謀／策劃人／班子▸➤strategy競選策略➤headquarters競選總部◇A news conference was held at the party's campaign headquarters.在該黨競選總部舉行了新聞發佈會。➤issue競選活動的熱點問題◇Education has become an important campaign issue.教育已成為競選活動的重要熱點問題。➤promise競選承諾◇The President kept his campaign promises.總統遵守了自己競選時的承諾。➤slogan競選口號➤ad, commercial (both especially NAmE) 競選廣告◇A Republican campaign ad alleged he was soft on crime.共和黨的競選廣告稱他對犯罪行為心慈手軟。➤contributions, donations, finance, financing競選捐贈；競選捐款；競選籌款◇regulations governing political campaign financing約束政治競選籌款的規定➤contributor (especially NAmE) 競選活動捐助人▸➤trail巡迴宣傳◇election candidates on the campaign trail (= going around the country campaigning) 進行競選巡譭宣傳的候選人PREPOSITION➤during a/the campaign在活動期間◇They met regularly during the campaign.活動期間他們定期會面。➤campaign against反對⋯的運動◇a fierce campaign against hunting一場反對狩獵的激烈運動➤campaign by由⋯發起的運動◇the political campaign by the Republicans由共和黨人發起的政治運動➤campaign for為⋯的運動◇the campaign for racial equality爭取種族平等的運動PHRASES➤a campaign of disobedience, misinformation, vilification, etc.不服從、信息誤導、誹謗中傷等活動◇A campaign of intimidation was waged against people trying to vote.對試圖投票者進行了一場恐嚇活動。➤a plan of campaign (especially BrE) 活動計劃◇After sliding in the opinion polls, the party had to rethink its plan of campaign.在民意調查顯示支持率下降後，該黨不得不重新考慮競選計劃。
campaign

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤actively, aggressively, hard, heavily, strongly, tirelessly, vigorously積極地／幹勁十足地／努力地／很投入地／堅決地／不知疲倦地／精力旺盛地參加運動◇We will campaign hard for an end to the ivory trade.我們將努力為終止象牙貿易而鬥爭。➤effectively, successfully有效地／成功地推動運動◇Local people have successfully campaigned against the building.當地人成功阻止了興建這一建築。➤openly, publicly公開推動PREPOSITION➤against為反對⋯而開展運動◇Local communities are campaigning against the dumping of toxic waste.當地社區正在進行反對傾倒有毒垃圾的運動。➤for為爭取⋯而開展運動◇We have campaigned for better conditions.我們為爭取改善條件開展了運動。➤on就⋯開展運動◇The group campaigns on a range of environmental issues.該團體就一系列的環境問題組織運動。➤on behalf of代表⋯開展運動◇We campaign on behalf of consumers.我們代表消費者發起運動。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 956 COCA: 640
campaign noun
⇨ campaign (a/an leadership/advertising/anti-smoking campaign) ⇨ war (a bombing campaign) campaign

noun

campaign ♦︎ battle ♦︎ struggle ♦︎ drive ♦︎ war ♦︎ fight ♦︎ crusadeThese are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent sth. 这些词均表示为达目的所作的奋斗或斗争。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a campaign / battle / struggle / drive / fight / crusade for sth◆a campaign / battle / struggle / drive / war / fight / crusade against sth◆a battle / struggle / war / fight between people◆a big / major campaign / battle / struggle / drive◆a successful campaign / battle / struggle / drive / fight◆a / an national / international campaign / battle / struggle / drive / crusade◆a personal / one-man / one-woman campaign / battle / struggle / war / crusade◆a bitter campaign / battle / struggle / fight◆a brave / desperate battle / struggle / fight◆a political campaign / battle / struggle◆to launch / embark on a campaign / battle / drive / crusade◆to lead / continue the campaign / battle / struggle / drive / war / fight / crusade◆to win / lose the battle / struggle / war / fight◆to give up the battle / struggle / fight◆The campaign / battle / war / fight is on.■ campaign kæmˈpeɪn [countable] a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim （为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的）运动◆She led the campaign for parliamentary reform.她领导了要求改革议会的运动。◆We're launching an anti-smoking campaign in the New Year.我们会在新年发起反对吸烟的运动。◆The advertising campaign was responsible for the massive rise in sales.广告宣传活动是销售额大幅增长的原因。  see also campaigner ⇨ activist ■ battle [countable] a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 较量；争论；斗争◆She finally won the legal battle for compensation.她最终在这场要求赔偿的争讼中获胜。◆Looking after a two-year-old needn't be a constant battle of wills (= when each side is very determined to win).照顾两岁的孩子未必是一场持久的意志较量。◆He had been conducting a personal battle of wits (= when each side uses their ability to think quickly to try and win) with the sales manager since his first day at work.他从第一天上班开始就一直在和销售经理斗智。■ struggle [countable] a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 较量；争论；斗争◆He was a major player in the struggle for independence.在这场争取独立的斗争中，他是主角。◆It is an epic tale of the struggle between good and evil.这是一个关于善恶之争的史诗式故事。◆She will not give up her children without a struggle.她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。  see also struggle ⇨ resist verb NOTE 辨析 Battle or struggle?In many cases you can use either word, but a struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，但struggle总是指看起来绝对必要的斗争，如关于生死或自由。battle还可指非必要的斗争，如仅仅是为了满足欲求或获得胜利的满足感◆the battle / struggle between good and evil / man and nature善与恶／人与自然之争◆a legal struggle for compensation ◆a struggle of wills/wits ■ drive [countable] an organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth （团体为达到某种目的而进行的）有组织的努力，运动◆He played a crucial role in the drive for greater efficiency.他在提高效率的运动中扮演了关键角色。◆She is leading the recruitment drive.她在领导招募活动。NOTE 辨析 Campaign or drive?A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do sth; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do sth. * campaign通常是旨在发动别人参加的运动；drive则可能是让自己努力参与其中的运动◆From today, we're going on an economy drive (= we must spend less).从今天起，我们要开展节约运动。◆an economy campaign A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive. * campaign可以指比drive更大规模、更正式和更有组织的活动。 ■ war [uncountable, singular] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop sth bad （为消灭或阻止有害事物的）长期斗争，顽强抵御◆The government has declared war on drug dealers.政府已经向贩毒分子宣战。◆We seem to be winning the war against crime.我们在打击犯罪方面似乎已做出成绩。■ fight [singular] the work of trying to stop or prevent sth bad or achieve sth good; an act of competing, especially in a sport （抑恶或扬善的）斗争；（尤指体育）比赛，竞赛◆Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies.工人赢得了阻止强制性裁员的斗争。◆The team put up a good fight (= they played well) but were finally beaten.这个队打得不错，但最后还是输了。■ crusade kruːˈseɪd [countable] a long and determined effort to achieve sth that you believe to be right or to stop sth that you believe to be wrong （长期坚定不移的）斗争，运动◆We must continue the crusade against crime.我们必须继续打击犯罪。◆Her moral crusade began in 1963.她那提倡道德的运动始于1963年。◆He led a crusade to give terminally ill people the right to die.他领导了一场给予末期病人死亡权利的运动。   see also crusader ⇨ activist NOTE 辨析 War, fight or crusade?A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself. A crusade is often about persuading other people to share your beliefs about what is right and wrong. * war指对公认的丑恶现象进行的斗争，如毒品和犯罪。 fight 可指为自己争取公正而进行的斗争。crusade常指说服别人接受自己的是非观的运动。 campaign

verb

campaign ♦︎ fight ♦︎ lobby ♦︎ work ♦︎ agitateThese words all mean to try hard to achieve sth, by asking or trying to persuade or influence people in power. 这些词均表示努力请求、说服或影响当权者以实现目标。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to campaign / fight / lobby / work / agitate for sth◆to campaign / lobby / agitate against sth◆to campaign / fight / lobby on behalf of sb◆to campaign / fight / lobby / work / agitate to do sth◆to campaign / fight / lobby for changes◆to campaign / fight / agitate for reform◆a group campaigns / fights / lobbies / works◆to campaign / fight / lobby / work hard◆to campaign / lobby / work actively / vigorously◆to successfully campaign / fight / lobby for sth■ campaign [intransitive] to carry out a series of planned activities over a period of time in order to try to achieve sth, especially a political or social aim （出于政治或社会目的）参加运动，开展运动◆We have campaigned against whaling for the last 15 years.我们最近15年一直开展反对捕鲸的运动。◆The group campaigns on environmental issues.该团体从事环境方面的运动。◆They are campaigning to save the area from building development.他们正开展一场反对在这个地区进行房地产开发的运动。  see also campaigner ⇨ activist ■ fight (fought, fought) [intransitive, transitive] to try very hard to get or achieve sth 努力争取；为⋯而斗争◆He's still fighting for compensation after the accident.他还在力争事故后的赔偿。◆Campaigners fought to save the hospital from closure.参与运动的人努力争取不让医院关闭。◆She gradually fought her way to the top of the company.她努力奋斗，逐步跻身公司高层。NOTE 辨析 Campaign or fight? Campaigning often involves such activities as making speeches, putting advertisements in newspapers and writing to members of the government. The aim is often to persuade people that a political or social change is needed or a practice needs to be stopped. You can fight for social or political change too, but this word is also used to talk about achieving justice for yourself, for example gaining the right to do sth. The emphasis with fight is on the determination sb shows to achieve sth. * campaign常涉及发表演讲、在报纸上刊登广告、致信政府人员等活动，目的是使他人意识到进行某项政治或社会变革，或停止某种做法的必要性。fight也可以指为了社会或政治变革而战，但亦指为争取个人公正待遇而斗争，如争取做某事的权利。 fight强调某人达成目标表现出的决心。■ lobby [intransitive, transitive] to try to influence a politician or the government and, for example, persuade them to support or oppose a change in the law 游说（从政者或政府）◆Teachers have lobbied hard against education cuts.教师极力游说反对削减教育经费。◆Farmers will lobby Congress for higher subsidies.农民将游说国会提高补贴。  see also lobby ⇨ party noun 1 ■ work [intransitive] to try hard to achieve sth, especially over a period of time and in a way that involves acting together with other people 争取，力争（尤指和他人共同行动一段时间）◆She dedicated her life to working for peace.她为争取和平奉献了自己的一生。◆The police and public need to work together to combat crime.警民需要携手打击犯罪。■ agitate ˈædʒɪteɪt [intransitive] (rather formal) to argue strongly for sth that you want, especially changes in the law or social conditions 激烈争论，鼓动，煽动（尤指为了法律或社会状况的改变）◆Some militant groups have been agitating for autonomy for the region.一些激进团体一直在煽动该地区自治。  see also agitation ⇨ trouble 1
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