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TOEFL BNC: 1879 COCA: 2135

roof

Word family 
Related topics: Building, Construction
ldoce_287_eroof1 /ruːf $ ruːf, rʊf/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countableC]  
1  TBTOPthe structure that covers or forms the top of a building, vehicle, tent etc 〔建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的〕顶，顶部
 They finally found the cat up on the roof.
他们最后在屋顶上找到了那只猫。
roof of
 We can probably strap the cases to the roof of her car.
我们也许可以把箱子捆在她的车顶上。
slate/tiled/thatched etc roof 石板瓦/瓦片/茅草等屋顶
 a flat roof
平顶
 a pitched roof (=sloping roof)
斜顶
red-roofed/metal-roofed etc
 a wooden-roofed theatre
木屋顶的戏院
→5  See picture of chimney 烟囱, gable 三角墙, beam 梁 ... →4  See picture of 见图 roof →4  See picture on 见图 Page A11 Where to stay 住的地方
2  TBCthe top of a passage under the ground 〔地下通道的〕顶部；天花板
 Suddenly, the whole tunnel roof caved in.
突然间，隧道顶部整个塌陷。
3  a roof over your head DHHsomewhere to live 栖身之所
 I may not have a job, but at least I’ve got a roof over my head.
我是没有工作，但我至少还有个住的地方。
Examples from the Corpus
a roof over your head• I have a bed and a roof over my head and three meals a day, so I should not complain.• Many of the homeless on London's streets would be glad of warm clothes and a roof over their head.• We always had food on the table and a roof over our heads.• Who would offer a woman and three children a roof over their heads?• The first night passed quietly enough as the newcomers were thoroughly examined and were glad to get a roof over their heads.• It's hard to be cheerful when you haven't even got a roof over your head.• It doesn't matter what kind of place it is, at least you'll have a roof over your head.• Now she did not have a roof over her head.• Married to a man I despise just to have a roof over my head and a ring on my finger!• At least they would have a roof over their heads in the winter.• To stress the importance of a roof over your head. 2.
4  go through the roof informal
a) (also hit the roof)ANGRY to suddenly become very angry 暴跳如雷，火冒三丈
 Put that back before Dad sees you and hits the roof!
赶紧放回去，免得爸爸看见了大发雷霆！
b) INCREASE IN NUMBER OR AMOUNTif a price, cost etc goes through the roof, it increases to a very high level 〔价格、成本等〕飞涨
Examples from the Corpus
go through the roof• Put that back before Dad sees you and hits the roof!• The second day went through the roof with a whopping 573,604.• Inflation had accelerated and commodity prices had gone through the roof.• No wonder inflation is going through the roof and our environment ends up choked with litter.• And the price is going through the roof.• Following news of increased profits, the company's share price went through the roof.• Sales of those products went through the roof.• They criticise the poll tax, but when they were in office the rates went through the roof.• Sales of Ray-Ban sunglasses went through the roof after Tom Cruise wore them in 'Risky Business'.• He could predict business to go through the roof.
5. the roof of somebody’s mouth HBHthe hard upper part of the inside of your mouth 上腭
Examples from the Corpus
the roof of somebody’s mouth• The brittle wafer dissolving against the roofs of their mouths was their promise of life in a world beyond Holy Hill.• Clench the jaws, as if chewing hard, while pushing your tongue hard against the roof of your mouth.• It burns the roof of my mouth.• An' the third one's brain had bin pulverised - by a blow delivered through the roof of its mouth!• I can eat no more of the wild rice which tastes nutty and clings to the roof of my mouth.• My tongue froze to the roof of my mouth; my eyeballs dropped from their sockets and clattered at my feet.• Her tongue was glued to the roof of her mouth.• I rubbed it across my tongue, the roof of my mouth, and I ground it between my teeth.
6  under the same roof/under one roof TOGETHERin the same building or home 在同一屋檐下
 If we’re going to live under the same roof, we need to get along.
我们要想住在同一个屋檐下，就得和睦相处。
 Here you can buy food, clothes, and electrical goods all under one roof.
就在这一家店里你可以买到食物、衣服和电器。
Examples from the Corpus
live under the same roof• She only knew she was bitterly disappointed that she and Seb would not be living under the same roof.• Yet Shaker men and women lived under the same roof in large dormitory-like houses.
7  under somebody’s roof spokenHOME in your home 在某人的家里
 As long as you live under my roof, you’ll do as I say.
只要你住在我家里，就得照我说的办。
8. the roof falls/caves in SERIOUS SITUATION informal especially American EnglishAmE if the roof falls in or caves in, something bad suddenly happens to you when you do not expect it 飞来横祸；突遭不幸
Examples from the Corpus
the roof falls/caves in• It may not be long before the roof falls in.• The Warriors were leading, with only a few minutes of the game to go, when the roof fell in.
→ raise the roof at raise1(24), → sunroof
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + roof
a flat roof
She used to sunbathe on the flat roof.
a sloping roof
The path led to a log cabin with a chalet-style sloping roof.
a pitched roof (=with parts that slope down)
a row of garages with tiled pitched roofs.
a tiled roof (=covered with pieces of baked clay)
a slate roof (=covered with thin pieces of a grey rock)
a thatched roof (=made of dried straw)
She lived in a pretty country cottage with a thatched roof.
a leaky/leaking roof (=one that lets rain in)
We needed to fix the leaky roof.
Examples from the Corpus
roof• Above their heads the kites moved with a rustle of wings from the Club roof to the branch of a tree.• Mitchell knew they must look predatory on the spread of the low roof.• At King Saud Mosque, Jeddah, we covered a large courtyard with an opening lightweight metal roof.• He let it slither down the roof to the building's guttering.• Is it too heavy for the roof?• Four silhouettes with rifles, perched at each corner of the roof.• I left my coffee cup on the roof of the car.• We'll need a ladder to get up on the roof.• At the last second, he jumped from the saddle and swung on the trailer roof as the horse went in.
pitched roof• The traditional greenhouse shape is a rectangular floor area, near-upright sides and a pitched roof.• We had to staple a polythene vapour barrier to the rafters of a pitched roof.• Octagonal cupolas covered by flat pitched roofs were still normal crossing space covering.• They all have pitched roofs, right?• High pitched roofs contain the typical ornamental dormers.• Timber fascias and barge-boards are standard, while many pitched roof garages feature timber-clad gable ends.• It has rubble-stone walls and its steeply pitched roofs make the granite-capped chimneys seem all the higher.• As if on cue, Aunt Mary praised the pitched roofs and admired the details etched on the apple-colored walls.
Related topics: Construction
roof2 verb [transitiveT]  
1 TBCto put a roof on a building 给〔建筑物〕盖屋顶
be roofed with something
 a cottage roofed with the local slate
用当地的石板瓦做房顶的小屋
n Grammar
Roof is usually passive.
2 roof something ↔ in/over phrasal verbphr v British EnglishBrE TBCto cover an open space by putting a roof over it 给〔空地〕加顶
 We’re going to roof in the yard to make a garage.
我们打算给院子加个顶当车库。
Examples from the Corpus
roof in/over• However, it is clear that he was not displaying a taxi roof sign.• The best estimates are that Cairo has half a million roof dwellers.• The siding was falling off, and the roof was caved in.• There is no danger of the walls collapsing under the load of these roofs.• The roof was in an appalling state and the supporting beams were rotten.• Ice damming occurs when snow on a roof melts when in contact with warm shingles.• Window eaves and roof gutters curve in organic efficiency rather than follow a mechanical right angle.• We absolutely have to get them out of there and find a roof to put over their heads.
Examples from the Corpus
be roofed with something• Later and larger basilicas were roofed with concrete vaults which rested on a few, very large piers.
Origin roof1
Old English hrof
roof1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1roof2 verb →n GRAMMAR1
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