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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 9542 COCA: 2622

vacation

Word family 
Related topics: Leisure, College
ldoce_756_zva·ca·tion1 /vəˈkeɪʃən $ veɪ-/ ●●● S2 W3 noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU] especially American EnglishAmEDL a holiday, or time spent not working 假期，休假
 We’re planning a vacation in Europe.
我们正计划去欧洲度假。
on vacation
 He’s on vacation this week.
这个星期他休假。
 We’re planning to go on vacation soon.
我们在计划近期去度假。
2  [uncountableU] especially American EnglishAmE the number of days, weeks etc that you are allowed as paid holiday by your employer 带薪假期
 How much vacation do you get at your new job?
你的新工作有多少天的带薪假期？
 I think I have four vacation days left.
我想我还剩下四天带薪假期。
 Employees are entitled to four weeks’ paid vacation annually.
员工每年享有四周的带薪假期。
3  SEC
a) [countableC] British EnglishBrE one of the periods of time when a university is closed 〔大学的〕假期
the Christmas/Easter/summer/long vacation 圣诞节假期/复活节假期/暑假/长假
b) [countableC, uncountableU] American EnglishAmE one of the periods of time when a school or university is closed 〔中小学或大学的〕假期
Christmas/spring/summer vacation 圣诞节假期/春假/暑假
n THESAURUS
vacation especially American EnglishAmE, holiday especially British EnglishBrE time you spend away from school or work
Are you taking a vacation this summer?
We met on holiday in Cyprus.
What are you doing in the school holidays?
holiday a day that is set by law, when no one has to go to work or school
the Thanksgiving holiday
New Year’s Day is a national holiday.
In 2002, there was an extra public holiday to mark the Queen’s golden jubilee.
the August bank holiday (=day when all the banks and shops are closed – used in British English)
break a time when you stop working or studying in order to rest, or a short vacation from school
a ten-minute coffee break
Lots of college kids come to the beaches during the spring break.
leave a time when you are allowed not to work
We get four weeks’ annual leave (=paid time off work each year).
He has been taking a lot of sick leave (=time off work because you are ill) recently.
Angela is on maternity leave (= time off work when having a baby).
He was given compassionate leave (=time off work because someone close to you has died, is very ill etc) to go to his father’s funeral.
sabbatical [usually singular] a period when someone, especially a teacher, stops doing their usual work in order to study or travel
She was on sabbatical for six months.
I’m thinking of taking a sabbatical.
furlough a period of time when a soldier or someone working in another country can return to their own country as a holiday
While on furlough, he and his girlfriend got married.
R & R (rest and relaxation) a holiday, especially one given to people in the army, navy etc after a long period of hard work or during a war
Soldiers in Vietnam were taken to Hawaii for R & R.
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
take/have a vacation 休假
We usually take a vacation once a year.
我们通常每年休假一次。
go on vacation 去度假
I’m going on vacation next month.
我下个月去度假。
need a vacation 需要休假
You’re working too hard. You need a vacation.
你工作太辛苦了，需要休假。
nspend a vacation
Where did you spend your vacation?
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + vacation
a summer vacation 暑假
What did you do on your summer vacation?
你暑假做了些什么事？
a family vacation 全家度假
We had to cancel the family vacation.
我们不得不取消全家度假的计划。
a long vacation 长假
She decided to take a long vacation.
她决定休一个长假。
na short vacation
a short vacation at the beach
a two-week/three-day etc vacation 两周/三天等的假期
vacation + NOUN
a vacation spot (=a place for a vacation) 度假胜地
The island is my favorite vacation spot.
这座岛是我最喜爱的度假胜地。
a vacation day (=a day away from work on vacation) 假日
nYou could take a sick day or a vacation day.
nvacation plans (=an idea about what you want to do on your vacation)
Do you have any vacation plans this summer?
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘have vacation’. Say be on vacation.
不要说 ‘have vacation’。 而要说 be on vacation。
5 FREQUENCY 使用频率
Examples from the Corpus
vacation• The company allows us 14 vacation days a year.• These governed other activities on behalf of the workers - such as cafeteria, warehousing, kindergarten and vacation facilities.• I spent part of my Christmas vacation with my dad's family.• He worked at the resort during his college vacations.• The problem is that the companies' vacation policies differ and I need to know which one applies.• Adam could have it for his long vacation.• All the tricks I knew were away on vacation.• Co-workers told police that she was on vacation and probably heading to the state of Sinaloa.• The skating rink will be open from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. during summer vacation.• Under the new plan, students will have shorter summer vacations and longer winter vacations.• Only the affluent could afford to take vacations or to travel abroad because holidays with pay were not mandatory in the 1920s.• The vacation hardship allowance was almost unheard of and was not being demanded.• The vacation time you accumulated with your previous employer has to be honored, usually by that employer.• I want you to write about your vacation.
paid vacation• Contractors are not entitled to paid vacation time.• Am I willing to give up paid vacations... any vacations?
Related topics: Tourism
vacation2 verb [intransitiveI] American EnglishAmE  
DLTto go somewhere for a holiday 度假，休假
vacation in/at
 The Bernsteins are vacationing in Europe.
伯恩斯坦一家正在欧洲度假。
Examples from the Corpus
vacation• She spent several weeks vacationing at a camp on Lake Michigan with a girl named Sarah.• Crew members said they were struck by how laid back and chatty the vacationing Clintons were.
vacation in/at• He and Koester first saw Tombstone on Christmas vacation in 1988.• She spent several weeks vacationing at a camp on Lake Michigan with a girl named Sarah.• I needed this vacation in a major way.• The two met while vacationing in Hawaii.• Drinkwater is vacationing in London, apparently unaware of the controversy.• Imagine that you and your friends are on vacation at one of these lakes.
From Longman Business Dictionary
vacationva·ca·tion /vəˈkeɪʃənveɪ-/ noun [countableC]
1American EnglishAmETRAVEL a period of time when people are on holiday or not working
Most factories close for a few weeks in the summer for vacations and plant maintenance.
Mr Williams wason vacation and couldn’t be reached.
2a period of time when universities and certain law courts or other organizations are closed
The process may take longer if the timetable is interrupted by a court vacation.
Origin vacation1
(1300-1400) Old French Latin vacatio “freedom”, from vacare; → VACANT
va·ca·tion1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
→5 FREQUENCY1vacation2 verb
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